πλάσσω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. [[πλάττω]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>148</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>420c</span>, etc.: fut. [[πλάσω]] ([[ἀναπλάσσω]]) Hp.<span class="title">Mochl.</span>2:aor. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἔπλᾰσα <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.70</span> (κατ-), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>926</span>, etc.; poet. ἔπλασσα <span class="bibl">Theoc.24.109</span>; Ep. πλάσσα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>70</span>: pf. πέπλᾰκα Phld. <span class="title">Mus.</span>p.85K.,<span class="bibl">D.S.15.11</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Th.</span>41</span>: 3sg.plpf. ἐπεπλάκει Erot.<span class="title">Praef.</span>: —Med., fut. πλάσομαι <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.37</span>: aor. ἐπλασάμην <span class="bibl">Th.6.58</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 800b</span>, etc.:—Pass., fut. πλασθήσομαι Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.82 K., (δια-) Gal.4.619 : aor. ἐπλάσθην <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1130</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.12.48</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>26e</span> : pf. πέπλασμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1030</span>, etc.:—[[form]], [[mould]], prop. of the artist who works in soft substances, such as earth, clay, wax, <b class="b3">ἐκ γαίης π</b>. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>70</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 2.47</span>,<span class="bibl">73</span>; of Prometheus, ὃν λέγουσ' ἡμᾶς πλάσαι καὶ τἄλλα… ζῷα <span class="bibl">Philem.89.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Men.535.5</span>; π. καθάπερ ἐκ κηροῦ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>746a</span>; σχήματα ἐκ χρυσοῦ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>50a</span>; ἐκ πηλοῦ ζῷον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>654b29</span>; ἀγγεῖον π. κήρινον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mete.</span>359a1</span>; οὐκ ἔστιν ἀνδριαντοποιὸς ὅστις ἂν πλάσαι κάλλος τοιοῦτον <span class="bibl">Philem.72.2</span>; τοὺς πηλίνους <span class="bibl">D.4.26</span>; opp. [[γράφειν]], as sculpture to painting, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>510e</span> (so in Pass., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>668e</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.75</span>); <b class="b3">τὴν ὑδριαν πλάσαι</b> [[mould]] the water-jar, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>926</span>; σώματα π. θνητά <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>42d</span>; <b class="b3">π. κηρία</b>, of bees, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>623b32</span>; <b class="b3">ἔπλαττεν ἔνδον οἰκίας</b> [[made]] [[clay]] [[house]]s, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>879</span>; [[knead]] [[bread]], Gal.6.313 :—Med., <b class="b3">σχῆμα πλασάμενος</b> [[having formed oneself]] a figure, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>297e</span> :— Pass., to [[be moulded]], [[be made]], τὸ δὲ ἐν τῇσι μήτρῃσι πλάσσεται <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.108</span>; οἶκος τεκτόνων πλασθεὶς ὕπο <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1130</span>; ἂν ἴδωσι… κήρινα μιμήματα πεπλασμένα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>933b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[plaster]], τὸν… ναὸν χρίσαντες καὶ πλάσαντες <span class="title">BCH</span>15.209 (Panamara). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> generally, [[mould]], [[form]] by education, training, etc., <b class="b3">π. τὰς ψυχὰς τοῖς μύθοις, τὰ σώματα ταῖς χερσίν</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>377c</span>; [[σῶμα]] [[ἐπιμελῶς]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>88c</span>; ἑαυτόν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>500d</span>; <b class="b3">παιδεύειν τε καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>671c</span>:—Pass., τοὔνομ' ἀνὰ χρόνον πεπλασμένον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>830</span>; of the voice, to [[be trained]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>536b19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[form an image]] of a thing in the [[mind]], [[imagine]], πλάττομεν οὔτε ἰδόντες οὔτε… νοήσαντες ἀθάνατόν τι ζῷον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>420c</span>, <span class="bibl">466a</span>; τῷ λόγῳ τοὺς νόμους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>712b</span>; τἀρχαῖα Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.85K.:—Pass., ib.p.82 K. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[put in a certain form]], τὸ [[στόμα]] πλάσσω (so as to [[pronounce]] [[more]] [[elegantly]]) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>414d</span>; ([[κόμιον]]) <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.24.24</span>; τὴν ὑπόκρισιν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>7</span> :—Med., <b class="b3">ἀδήλως τῇ ὄψει πλυσάμενος πρὸς τὴν ξυμφοράν</b> [[having formed himself]] in face, i.e. [[compose]]d his [[countenance]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.58</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.45.68</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> metaph., [[fabricate]], [[forge]], λόγους ψιθύρους πλάσσων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>148</span> (anap.); ψευδεῖς π. αἰτίας <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.25</span>; προφάσεις <span class="bibl">D.25.28</span>; <b class="b3">τί λόγους πλάττεις</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.18.121</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>17c</span>; μὴ πλάσῃς κακόν <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span>145</span>; π. ἐπιστολήν <span class="bibl">Plb.5.42.7</span> : abs., <b class="b3">δόξω πλάσας λέγειν</b> I shall be [[thought]] to [[speak]] from [[invention]], i.e. not the [[truth]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.80</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.6.37</span> :—Med., πλάσασθαι τὸν τρόπον τὸν αὑτοῦ <span class="bibl">Lys.19.60</span>; ψεύδη <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.6.26</span>; τῆς φιλανθρωπίας ἣν… ἐπλάττετο <span class="bibl">D.18.231</span>; <b class="b3">προφάσεις πλάσσω</b> <span class="bibl">Id.19.215</span>; τοιαῦτα πλάττεσθαι τολμᾶτε <span class="bibl">Id.28.9</span>; καιρὸν πλάττεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.21.187</span>: abs., <b class="b3">πλαττομένους πρὸς ἑαυτούς</b> ([[αὐτούς]] Bonitz) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1381b28</span> : c. inf., <b class="b3">Νέρων εἶναι πλασάμενος</b> [[pretend]]ing to be [[Nero]], <span class="bibl">D.C.64.9</span>; π. νοσεῖν Gal.19.1 :—Pass., οὐ [[πεπλασμένος]] ὁ [[κόμπος]] = not [[fictitious]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1030</span>; <b class="b3">πεπλάσθαι φάσκοντες</b> [[say]]ing it was a [[forgery]], <span class="bibl">Is.7.2</span>; μὴ πλασθέντα μῦθον ἀλλ' ἀληθινὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ti.</span>26e</span>; π. ὑπὸ ποιητῶν <span class="bibl">And.4.23</span>; ἐξ ὧν ἡ δίκη αὕτη πέπλασται <span class="bibl">D.52.12</span>. (πλαθ-yω</b>, cf. [[κοροπλάθος]], [[πηλοπλάθος]].)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to knead, to form, to mould, to shape (a soft mass); to think up, to imagine, to pretend</b> (Hes.).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">-ττω</b>, fut. [[πλάσω]], aor. <b class="b3">πλάσ(σ)αι</b> (Hes.), pass. [[πλασθῆναι]], perf. [[πέπλασμαι]] (IA.), act. [[πέπλακα]] (hell.).<br />Compounds: Very often w. prefix in diff. senses, e.g. <b class="b3">κατα-πλάσσω</b> [[to spread]], [[to besmear]], <b class="b3">ἐμ-πλάσσω</b> [[to smear]], [[to stop up]] (cf. bel.).<br />Derivatives: Many derivv. Nom. actionis: 1. [[πλάσμα]] n. [[forming]], [[formation]], [[fiction]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">-ματίας</b> m. [[fictional]], <b class="b3">-ματώδης</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">-ματικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (S.E.); <b class="b3">ἔμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπί-</b>, <b class="b3">κατά-πλασμα</b> n. [[plaster]] (medic.). 2. [[πλάσις]] (<b class="b3">ἀνά-</b>πλάσσω, <b class="b3">κατά-</b>πλάσσω etc.) f. [[forming]], [[formation]], [[figuration]] (Hp., Arist.). 3. <b class="b3">ἀνα-πλασμός</b> m. [[figuration]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">μετα-πλασ-μός</b> m. [[transformation]] (gramm.) a.o. 4. <b class="b3">κατα-πλαστύς</b> f. [[besmearing]] (Hdt. 4, 175). Nom. agentis a. instr.: 5. [[πλάστης]] m. [[former]], [[moulder]], [[maker]] (Pl.), often in synthet. compp., e.g. <b class="b3">κηρο-πλάστης</b> m. [[modeller in wax]] (Pl.) with <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Hp.) etc.; f. <b class="b3">πλάσ-τις</b> (Ael.), <b class="b3">-τειρα</b> (Orph., APl.), <b class="b3">-τρια</b> (Theol.Ar.). 6. [[πλάστρον]] n. [[earring]] (Att. inscr. a.o.), <b class="b3">ἔμπλασ-τρον</b> n., <b class="b3">-τρος</b> f. [[ointment]] or [[plaster]] (Dsc., Gal., pap.). Adj. : 7. [[πλαστός]] [[formed]], [[shaped]], [[thought up]] (Hes.), <b class="b3">ἔμπλασ-τον</b> n., <b class="b3">-τος</b> f. [[ointment]], [[plaster]] (Hp.); [[πλαστή]] f. [[clay wall]] (pap.) with <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">συμ-πλαστεύω</b> <b class="b2">to surround, to construct with a π</b>, [[πλαστευτής]] m. <b class="b2">builder of a π.</b> (pap.). 8. [[πλαστικός]] (<b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>) [[suitable for forming]], [[plastic]] (Pl.). -- a.o.; <b class="b3">κορο-πλάστης</b> hell.). On [[πλάθανον]] s.v.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Common verbal stem <b class="b3">πλαθ-</b>; from there on the one hand the yot-present <b class="b3">*πλαθ-ι̯ω</b> > [[πλάσσω]] (on the phonetics Schwyzer 320), on the other hand the non-present forms (which on themselves could also go back on <b class="b3">πλα-</b> with analog. [[πλάσσαι]], [[πλασθῆναι]], [[πλαστός]]; cf. on [[κλάω]]). -- No correspondence outside Greek. As the [[θ]] (IE <b class="b2">*dh</b>) prob. orig. has present-forming, in any case formantic function (<b class="b3">πλή-θω</b>, <b class="b3">βρί-θω</b> etc.; Schwyzer 703), <b class="b3">πλά-θω</b> can belong to the group of <b class="b2">pelā-</b> [[broaden]] (s. [[πλάξ]]); one has to assume an orig. meaning [[smear thin]], [[make flat]]; s. WP. 2, 63. On the meaning [[smear]] (in <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμ-πλάσσω</b>) and [[knead]], [[form]] cf. the same duplicity in Skt. <b class="b2">déhmi</b> [[spread]], [[smear]] and Lat. [[fingō]] [[knead]], [[form]] (cf. on [[τεῖχος]]). -- From [[ἔμπλαστρον]] Lat. [[emplastrum]], Fr. [[emplâtre]] etc.; MLat. [[plastrum]] [[Pflaster]], [[plaster]], Fr. [[plâtre]], OHG [[pflastar]] etc. -- Cf. [[πλάξ]]; cf. also [[παλάθη]] and [[πλάστιγξ]]. -- A form <b class="b3">πλαθ-</b> annot be derived from IE, cf. on [[πλάθανον]]. So it must be of Pre-Greek origin.

|ftr='''πλάσσω''': {plássō}<br />'''Forms''': att. -ττω, Fut. πλάσω, Aor. πλάσ(σ)αι (seit Hes.), Pass. πλασθῆναι, Perf. πέπλασμαι (ion. att.), Akt. πέπλακα (hell. u. sp.)<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘(eine weiche Masse) kneten, formen, bilden, gestalten; erdichten, ersinnen, vorgeben’;<br />'''Composita''' : sehr oft m. Präfix in verschiedenen Sinnfärbungen, z.B. [[καταπλάσσω]] [[bestreichen]], [[beschmieren]], [[ἐμπλάσσω]] [[einschmieren]], [[zustopfen]] (vgl. u.).<br />'''Derivative''': Zahlreiche Ableitungen. Nom. actionis: 1. [[πλάσμα]] n. [[Bildung]], [[Gebilde]], [[Erdichtung]] (ion. att.) mit -ματίας m. [[erdichtet]], -ματώδης ib. (Arist.), -ματικός ib. (S.E. u.a.); ἔμ-, [[ἐπί]]-, [[κατάπλασμα]] n. [[Pflaster]] (Mediz.). 2. [[πλάσις]] ([[ἀνά]]-~, [[κατά]]-~ usw.) f. [[das Bilden]], [[Bildung]], [[Gestaltung]] (Hp., Arist. usw.). 3. [[ἀναπλασμός]] m. [[Gestaltung]] (Plu.), [[μεταπλασμός]] m. [[Umformung]] (Gramm.) u.a. 4. [[καταπλαστύς]] f. [[Beschmierung]] (Hdt. 4, 175). Nom. agentis u. instr.: 5. [[πλάστης]] m. [[Bildner]], [[Former]], [[Schöpfer]] (Pl. usw.), oft in synthet. Kompp., z.B. [[κηροπλάστης]] m. [[Wachbildner]] (Pl. u.a.) mit -έω (Hp. u.a.) usw.; f. [[πλάστις]] (Ael.), -τειρα (Orph., ''APl''.), -τρια (''Theol''.''Ar''.). 6. [[πλάστρον]] n. [[Ohrring]] (att. Inschr. u.a.), [[ἔμπλαστρον]] n., -τρος f. [[Salbe]] od. [[Pflaster]] (Dsk., Gal., Pap. u.a.). Adj. : 7. [[πλαστός]] [[geformt]], [[gebildet]], [[erdichtet]] (seit Hes.), ἔμπλαστον n., -τος f. [[Salbe]], [[Pflaster]] (Hp. u.a.); [[πλαστή]] f. [[Lehmwand]] (Pap.) mit περι-, [[συμπλαστεύω]] ‘eine π. ringsum od. zusammen aufführen’, [[πλαστευτής]] m. ‘Erbauer einer π.’ (Pap.). 8. [[πλαστικός]] (προσ-, ἐν-, ἀνα- u.a.) [[zur Formung geeignet]], [[plastisch]] (Pl. usw.). — Für sich stehen 9. [[πλάθανον]] n. ‘Kuchenbrett, -form.’ (Theok., Nik. u.a.) mit -ανίτας [[ἄμυλος]] [[in Form gebackener Kuchen]] (Philox. 3, 17; nicht ganz sicher); [[πλαθά]] f. [[Abbild]], [[εἰκών]] (dor. bei Plu.); synthet. Kompp. wie [[κοροπλάθος]] m. [[Bildner weiblicher Figuren]], [[Puppenmodellierer]] (Pl., Isok. u.a.; κοροπλάστης hell.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Gemeinsamer Verbalstamm πλαθ-; daraus einerseits das Jotpräsens *πλαθι̯ω > [[πλάσσω]] (zum Lautlichen Schwyzer 320), anderseits die außerpräsentischen Formen (die an und für sich auch auf πλα- zurückgehen könnten mit analog. bedingten πλάσσαι, πλασθῆναι, [[πλαστός]]; vgl. zu [[κλάω]]). — Außergriech. Entsprechung fehlt. Da θ (idg. ''dh'') wohl urspr. präsensbildende, jedenfalls formantische Funktion hat ([[πλήθω]], [[βρίθω]] usw.; Schwyzer 703), reiht sich [[πλάθω]] unschwer in die große Sippe ''pelā''- [[ausbreiten]] (s. [[πλάξ]]) ein; man muß dabei eine urspr. Bed. [[dünn aufstreichen]], [[flach klatschen]] ansetzen; s. WP. 2, 63. Zur Bed. [[bestreichen]], [[beschmieren]] (in κατα-, [[ἐμπλάσσω]]) und [[kneten]], [[formen]], [[bilden]] vgl. dieselbe Doppelheit bei aind. ''déhmi'' [[bestreichen]], [[beschmieren]] und lat. ''fingō'' [[kneten]], [[formen]], [[bilden]] (vgl. zu [[τεῖχος]]). — Aus [[ἔμπλαστρον]] lat. ''emplastrum'', frz. ''emplâtre'' usw.; mlat. ''plastrum'' [[Pflaster]], [[Gips]], frz. ''plâtre'', ahd. ''pflastar'' usw. — Weiteres s. [[πλάξ]]; vgl. auch [[παλάθη]] und [[πλάστιγξ]].<br />'''Page''' 2,551-552