ἄτρακτος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[ὁ]]. and in Plu.2.271f, ἡ:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[spindle]], ἄτρακτον στρέφειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.34</span>,<span class="bibl">162</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>281e</span>, etc.; λίνου μεστὸν ἄ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1348</span> (lyr.); Ἀνάγκης ἄ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>616c</span>; τῶν Μοιρῶν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mu.</span>401b15</span>, cf.<span class="title">IG</span> 12(7).447 (Amorgos). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[arrow]], ἄ. τοξικός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>139</span>; [[ἄ]]. alone, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>290</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>714</span>. In this sense specially Lacon., <span class="bibl">Th.4.40</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[upper part of a ship's mast]], <span class="bibl">Poll.1.91</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[spindle-shaped cautery]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>28</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Vid.Ac.</span>4</span>. (Cf. [[ἀτρεκής]], Lat. [[torqueo]].) </span>

|dgtxt=-ου, ὁ<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [fem. ἡ ἄ. Plu.2.271f]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[huso]] (πλόκαμον) περὶ ἄτρακτον εἱλίξασαι Hdt.4.34, [[ἄτρακτος]] χρύσεος Hdt.4.162, ἡ γυνὴ στρέφουσα τὸν ἄτρακτον Hdt.5.12, cf. Pl.<i>Plt</i>.282e, λίνου μεστὸν ἄτρακτον Ar.<i>Ra</i>.1348, cf. <i>Lys</i>.568, 571, γυνὴ ἐξεπίεσε λίθον ὅσον σπόνδυλον ἀτράκτου Hp.<i>Epid</i>.5.25, cf. Thphr.<i>HP</i> 3.16.4, <i>IG</i> 2².1464.16, 17 (Ática IV a.C.), [[LXX]] <i>Pr</i>.31.19, cf. Plu.l.c., Nonn.<i>D</i>.33.272<br /><b class="num">•</b>mit. utilizado por Ἀνάγκη Pl.<i>R</i>.616c, cf. 617c, Plot.2.3.9, 15, 3.4.6, por las Moiras, Arist.<i>Mu</i>.401^b15, ὦ Μοίρας ἄτρυτοι ἀνανκαστῆρες ἄτρακτοι <i>IG</i> 12(7).447.10 (Amorgos I a.C.), cf. Luc.<i>IConf</i>.1, <i>Philops</i>.25, Μοιριδίης ... [[ἄτρακτος]] ἀνάγκης Nonn.<i>D</i>.2.678.<br /><b class="num">2</b> ciruj. [[cauterio]] καῦσαι χρὴ ... πυξίνοις ἀτράκτοισι Hp.<i>Int</i>.28, cf. <i>Vid.Ac</i>.4.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[flecha]], [[dardo]] πληγέντ' ἀτράκτῳ τοξικῷ τὸν αἰετὸν A.<i>Fr</i>.139.2, νευροσπαδὴς ἄ. S.<i>Ph</i>.290, τὸν γὰρ βαλόντ' ἄτρακτον οἶδα S.<i>Tr</i>.714, πολλοὶ δ' ἀτράκτων τοξόται E.<i>Rh</i>.312, ἀπεκρίνατο ... ἂν ἄξιον εἶναι τὸν ἄτρακτον, λέγων τὸν οἰστόν Th.4.40, (Ἔρως) ἰάλλει ἄτρακτον <i>AP</i> 5.188 (Leon.), cf. Opp.<i>H</i>.4.38, <i>Epic.Alex.Adesp.SHell</i>.939.1, Agath.2.9.4.<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[cofa de un navío]] (καλεῖται) τὸ δὲ ὑπὲρ τὴν κεραίαν [[ἄτρακτος]] Poll.1.91.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Rel. c. ai. <i>tarku</i>- ‘[[rueca]]’, lat. <i>torqueo</i> de una raíz *<i>trek^u̯</i>- / <i>trok^u̯</i>- c. pérdida del apéndice labial de la <i>k^u̯</i>- en gr., cf. tb. alb. <i>tjerr</i>- ‘[[hilar]]’.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. (f.)<br />Meaning: [[spindle]] (Hdt.), also [[arrow]] (S., acc. Th. 4, 40 Laconian).<br />Other forms: [[ἄδρακτος]] H. (LSJ Supp.), Gloss.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀτρακτυλ(λ)ίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> [[spindle-thistel]], [[Carthamus lanatus]] (Arist.). [[ἀτρακίς]] kind of thistle (Strömberg Pflanz. 105).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Compared with Skt. [[tarku-]] [[spindle]]. The connection with Lat. [[torqueo]], and now Myc. [[toroqejomeno]] /[[trokʷeiomenos]]/, is impossible (it would have given [[π]], not [[κ]] with Schwyzer 299). The ending has been compared with [[στρατός]], [[σπάρτον]], but remains strange. The [[ἀ-]] would also remain unexplained. - Unclear also Alb. [[tjerr]] [[to spin]]. So rather a loan (from the substr.); perhaps confirmed by [[ἄδρακτος]] and [[ἀτρακίς]], if the variation [[κ]]/[[κτ]] is old and not due to simplification; for <b class="b3">-τος</b> cf. [[ἄσφαλτος]] and Chantr. Form. 300f. Skt. [[tarku-]] will be unrelated. - Not to [[ἀτρεκής]].