μύρτος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[myrtle]], [[Myrtus communis]], <span class="bibl">Simon.10</span> (pl.), <span class="title">Scol.</span>11, <span class="title">IG</span> 5(2).514.14 (Lycosura, ii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[twig]] or [[spray of myrtle]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).70</span>; στέφανος μύρτων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>330</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> = [[μύρτον]] ''1'', <span class="title">Gp.</span>11.8. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[μύρτον]] 11, Hsch.</span>

|lstext='''μύρτος''': ἡ, [[μυρσίνη]], «μυρτ~ιά», Λατιν. myrtus, Σιμων. 22, Σκόλ. παρ’ Ἀθην. 695Β, κτλ. ΙΙ. [[κλάδος]] ἢ βλαστὸς μυρσίνης, Πινδ. Ι. 4 (3). 117· [[στέφανος]] [[μύρτων]] Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 330.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">myrtle, twig or spray of m.</b> (Pi., Simon.), [[μύρτον]] n. = [[μυρσίνη]] (Archil. after EM 324, 14), [[myrtleberry]] (Att.), [[pudenda muliebria]] (Ar.); on the diff. in gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 30.<br />Compounds: Few Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μυρτο-πώλης</b> m. [[myrtle-handler]] (Sammelb. Ia), <b class="b3">ἱερό-μυρτος</b> f. = [[μυρσίνη ἀγρία]] (Ps.-Dsc.).<br />Derivatives: 1. [[μύρσινος]], Att. [[μύρρινος]], also [[μύρτινος]] (Eub., Thphr. Levelling of assibilation after [[μύρτος]]) [[of myrtle]] (on [[ρσ]]: [[ρρ]]: [[ρτ]] Schwyzer 270 a. 285); [[μυρσίνη]], <b class="b3">-ρρ-</b> f. [[myrtle]], [[-twig]], [[-crown]] (IA.; <b class="b3">μυρσινο-ειδής</b> h. Merc. 81) with <b class="b3">μυρσιν-ίτης</b> ([[οἶνος]]) [[myrtlewine]] (Dsc.), [[kind of stone]] (Plin., prob. after the colour), [[kind of Euphorbia]] (Dsc.; after the form of the leaves, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 43; on <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> Redard 58, 74, 98); <b class="b3">-ινος</b> [[of myrtle]] (Dsc., Aët.), <b class="b3">Μυρριν-οῦς</b>, <b class="b3">-οῦντος</b> m., <b class="b3">-οῦττα</b> f. names of Attic demes with <b class="b3">-ούσιοι</b> pl. <b class="b2">inhabitants of M.</b> (Schwyzer 528); <b class="b3">μυρσινᾶτον ἔλαιον</b> [[myrtle-oil]] (medic.; Lat. [[-ātum]] in [[γουττᾶτον]] [s.v.] a.o.); also [[μυρτίνη]] f. [[kind of olive]], [[kind of pear-tree]] (Nic.). -- 2. [[μυρτίς]], <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> f. [[myrtle-berry]] (hell.), also <b class="b3">μυρτία μυρσίνη</b>, <b class="b3">καὶ μυρτίς</b> H. [[μυρτάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">kind of peartree etc.</b> (Nic., Gal.). -- 3. [[μυρτίδανον]] n. <b class="b2">myrtle-like plant etc.</b> (Hp.; to [[μυρτίς]]?, cf. <b class="b3">ἐρευθέ-δανον</b> a.o. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 147 f.). -- 4. <b class="b3">μυρταλίς ἡ ὀξυμυρρίνη</b> ("butcher's broom"), <b class="b3">ὡς Λάκωνες</b> H.; as <b class="b3">συκ-αλίς</b> a.o. (Strömberg 78). -- 5. <b class="b3">μυρτ-ίτης</b> = <b class="b3">μυρσιν-ίτης</b> (Thphr., Nic.; Redard 74 a. 98). -- 6. [[μυρτεών]], <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. [[murtetum]] (gloss.), also [[μυρσεών]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (gloss.; after [[μύρσινος]], Schw. 271). -- 7. [[μυρτωταί]] f. pl. <b class="b2">vases decorated with myrtle-twigs?</b> (vase-inscr., AmJArch 31, 349f.; like [[μηλωτή]] a.o.). -- 8. [[μύρτων]], <b class="b3">-ωνος</b> m. about [[weakling]] or [[debauchee]] (Luc. Lex.). -- 9. <b class="b3">μυρτίλωψ ζῳ̃όν τι</b> H.; formation like [[αἰγίλωψ]] a. o.; not with Strömberg Wortstudien 20 <b class="b3">μυρτί-λωψ</b> "the animal, that peels the myrtle". -- PN and PN like [[Μύρτος]] with <b class="b3">Μυρτῳ̃ος</b>, [[Μύρσινος]], [[Μύρσος]], [[Μυρτίλος]], [[Μυρσίλος]] etc.; s. Heubeck Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 1, 271.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Because of the sound-similarity and the semantic proximity [[μύρτος]], [[μύρρα]], [[μυρίκη]] are usually with Lewy Fremdw. 42ff. (s. esp. Heubeck 282 w. further hypotheses) without further argumentation considered as cognate Semit. LW [loanword]. Rejected bu Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 97, where [[μύρρα]] is dismissed and also [[μύρτος]] and [[μυρίκη]] are kept together only with reserve. -- From [[μύρτος]], <b class="b3">-ον</b> Lat. [[murtus]], [[-um]] as well as Arm. [[murt]], NPers. [[mūrd]]. - The variation <b class="b3">μυρτ-</b>/<b class="b3">μυρσ-</b> (<b class="b3">μυρρ-</b>?) clearly points to a Pre-Greek word; Fur. 259. Semitic origin is rejected by DELG. Heubeck (l.c.) takes the group as from Asia Minor, which does not exclude that it is Pre-Greek.

|ftr='''μύρτος''': {múrtos}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘Myrtenbaum, -zweig’ (Pi., Simon. usw.), [[μύρτον]] n. = [[μυρσίνη]] (Archil. nach ''EM'' 324, 14), [[Myrtenbeere]] (att.), [[pudenda muliebria]] (Ar. u.a.); zur Genusdifferenz Schwyzer-Debrunner 30.<br />'''Composita''': Wenige Kompp., z.B. [[μυρτοπώλης]] m. ‘Myrten- händler’ (''Sammelb''. I^a), [[ἱερόμυρτος]] f. = [[μυρσίνη]] ἀγρία (Ps.-Dsk.).<br />'''Derivative''': Zahlreiche Ableitungen: 1. [[μύρσινος]], att. [[μύρρινος]], auch [[μύρτινος]] (Eub., Thphr.; Aufhebung der Assibilation nach [[μύρτος]]) [[von Myrten]] (zu ρσ:ρρ:ρτ Schwyzer 270 u. 285); [[μυρσίνη]], -ρρ- f. ‘Myrtenbaum, -zweig, -kranz’ (ion. att.; [[μυρσινοειδής]] ''h''. ''Merc''. 81) mit [[μυρσινίτης]] ([[οἶνος]]) [[Myrtenwein]] (Dsk.), [[Art Stein]] (Plin., wohl nach der Farbe), [[Art Euphorbia]] (Dsk.; nach der Form der Blätter, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 43; zu -ίτης Redard 58,74,98); -ινος [[von Myrten]] (Dsk., Aët.), [[Μυρρινοῦς]], -οῦντος m., -οῦττα f. attische Demennamen mit -ούσιοι pl. ‘Bewohner von M.’ (Schwyzer 528); [[μυρσινᾶτον]] [[ἔλαιον]] [[Myrtenöl]] (Mediz.; lat. -''ātum'' in [[γουττᾶτον]] [s.d.] u.a.); auch [[μυρτίνη]] f. [[Art Olive]], [[Art Birnbaum]] (Nik.). — 2. [[μυρτίς]], -ίδος f. [[Myrtenbeere]] (hell. usw.), auch [[μυρτία]]· [[μυρσίνη]], καὶ [[μυρτίς]] H. [[μυρτάς]], -άδος f. [[Art Birnbaum]] (Nik., Gal.). — 3. [[μυρτίδανον]] n. [[myrtenähnhche Pflanze]] (Hp. u.a.; zu [[μυρτίς]]?, vgl. [[ἐρευθέδανον]] u.a. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 147 f.). — 4. [[μυρταλίς]]· ἡ ὀξυμυρρίνη ("Mäusedorn"), ὡς Λάκωνες H.; wie [[συκαλίς]] u.a. (Strömberg 78). — 5. [[μυρτίτης]] = [[μυρσινίτης]] (Thphr., Nik. u.a.; Redard 74 u. 98). —6. [[μυρτεών]], -ῶνος m. [[Myrtenhain]] (Gloss.), auch [[μυρσεών]] ib. (Gloss.; nach [[μύρσινος]], Schw. 271). — 7. μυρτωταί f. pl. ‘mit Myrtenzweigen dekorierte Vasen?’ (Vaseninschr., AmJArch 31, 349f.; wie [[μηλωτή]] u.a.). — 8. [[μύρτων]], -ωνος m. etwa [[Weichling]] od. [[Wüstling]] (Luk. ''Lex''.). — 9. [[μυρτίλωψ]]· ζῳ̃όν τι H.; Bildung wie [[αἰγίλωψ]] u. a.; nicht mit Strömberg Wortstudien 20 [[μυρτίλωψ]] "das Tier, das die Myrte abschält". — ON und PN wie Μύρτος mit Μυρτῳ̃ος, Μύρσινος, Μύρσος, Μυρτίλος, [[Μυρσίλος]] usw.; s. Heubeck Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 1, 271.<br />'''Etymology''': Wegen der Lautähnlichkeit und der semantischen Berührung werden [[μύρτος]], [[μύρρα]], [[μυρίκη]] gewöhnlich mit Lewy Fremdw. 42ff. (s. bes. Heubeck 282 m. weiteren Hypothesen) ohne nähere Begründung als stammverwandte semit. LW angesehen. Ablehnend Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 97, wo [[μύρρα]] ausgeschaltet wird und auch [[μύρτος]] und [[μυρίκη]] nur mit Vorbehalt zusammengehalten werden. — Aus [[μύρτος]], -ον lat. ''murtus'', -''um'' ebenso wie arm. ''murt'', npers. ''mūrd''.<br />'''Page''' 2,274-275