ἐφίημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπ</b>-, Dor. 3sg. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐφίητι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>2.9</span>, Ion. 3pl. ἐπιεῖσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.30</span>: fut. ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Od. 13.376</span>: aor. 1 ind. <b class="b3">ἐφῆκα</b>, Ep. ἐφέηκα <span class="bibl">9.38</span>, lon. ἐπῆκα <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.63</span>; in other moods aor. 2 forms were used, imper. ἔφες <span class="bibl">Il.5.174</span>; Ep. subj. ἐφείω <span class="bibl">1.567</span>, 2sg. ἐφῇς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>554</span>, opt. ἐφείην <span class="bibl">Il.18.124</span>; Ion. inf. ἐπειναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.100</span>; part. ἐφείς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>495</span> (v.l.), etc.:—Med., pres. inf. ἐφίεσθαι <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.79</span>; part. ἐφιέμενος <span class="bibl">Od.13.7</span>: fut. ἐφήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.82</span>: aor. 2 ἐφεῖτο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>619</span>:—Pass., pf. <b class="b3">ἐφέωται</b> and ἐφεῖται Hsch.: [<b class="b3">ἐφῐημι</b> Ep., <b class="b3">ἐφῑημι</b> Att.; yet Hom. always uses <b class="b3">ἐφιείς, ἐφίει, ἐφῑέμενος</b> with [ῑ], exc. ἐφῐει <span class="bibl">Od.24.180</span>]:—<b class="b2">send to</b> one, Πριάμῳ . . Ἶριν ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Il.24.117</span>; <b class="b3">μ' ἐφέηκε . . καλέειν</b> <b class="b2">sent</b> me to call, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.712</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Hom., c. inf., <b class="b2">set on, incite</b> to do, ἠλεός, ὅς τ' ἐφέηκε πολύφρονά περ μάλ' ἀεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.464</span>; so <b class="b3">ἐ. τινὰ ἐχθοδοπῆσαι, χαλεπῆναι, στοναχῆσαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.518</span>, <span class="bibl">18.108</span>,<span class="bibl">124</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of things, <b class="b2">throw</b> or <b class="b2">launch at</b> one, ὅς τοι πρῶτος ἐφῆκε βέλος <span class="bibl">16.812</span>; ἄλλοις ἐφίει βέλεα <span class="bibl">Od.24.180</span>, etc.; [<b class="b3">ἔγχος], μελίην</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.346</span>, <span class="bibl">21.170</span>; οἰστὸν ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>632</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. χεῖράς τινι</b> <b class="b2">to lay</b> hands <b class="b2">on</b> him, μνηστῆρσιν ἀναιδέσι χεῖρας ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Od.20.39</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Il.1.567</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of events, destinies, etc., <b class="b2">send upon</b> one, τοῖσιν ἀεικέα πότμον ἐφῆκε <span class="bibl">4.396</span>, etc.; Ἀργείοισι πολύστονα κήδε' ἐφῆκεν <span class="bibl">1.445</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.524</span>; μνηστήρεσσιν ἄεθλον τοῦτον ἐφήσω <span class="bibl">Od. 19.576</span>; <b class="b3">νόστον... ὅν μοι Ζεὺς ἐφέηκε</b> which he <b class="b2">hath laid upon</b> me, <span class="bibl">9.38</span>; so πάντ' ἐφήσω μόρον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>502</span> (lyr.); τέκνοις ἀρὰς ἐ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>786</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">send against</b>, in hostile sense, τῷ στρατοπέδῳ τὴν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.63</span>; τὴν ἵππον ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας <span class="bibl">Id.9.49</span>; ἡνίοχοι ἐφίεσαν ὠκέας ἵππους <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>307</span>; στρατὸν ἐς πεδία <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>393</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">let in</b>, freq. of water, ἐπεῖναι τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπὶ τὴν χώρην <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.130</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.100</span>; τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τὴν ἔσοδον <span class="bibl">Id.7.176</span>; also ἐ. ἀκτῖνα Θήβαισι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>5</span>; ἀγέλας ἐπὶ τὰ χωρία <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγαν ἐφῆκας γλώσσαν</b> <b class="b2">did'st let loose</b>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Andr.</span>954</span>; ὀργήν τινι ἐ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>731d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">throw into</b>, ἐς λέβητ' ἐφῆκεν ἕψεσθαι μέλη <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>404</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">let go, loosen</b>, esp. the rein, ἐ. καὶ χαλάσαι τὰς ἡνίας τοῖς λόγοις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>338a</span>; <b class="b3">οὐρία ἐφέντα</b> (abs.) ibid.; <b class="b3">πᾶσαν ἐφεὶς ὀθόνην [τῷ ἀνέμῳ</b>] <span class="title">AP</span>10.1 (Leon.), cf.<span class="bibl">A.R.2.934</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">give up, yield</b>, τινὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.95</span>; πάντ' ἐφέντες ἡδονήν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 564</span>; <b class="b2">allow</b>, τἆλλα τοῖς δούλοις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1264a21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">permit, allow</b>, τινὶ ὀνειδίσαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.90</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">3.113</span>; σοί γ' ἐφῆκα πᾶν λέγειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 631</span>; <b class="b3">ἢν ἐφῇς μοι</b> (sc. <b class="b3">λέγειν</b>) ib.<span class="bibl">554</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">556</span>,<span class="bibl">649</span>: c. acc. et inf., τοὺς νεωτέρους ἐ. διώκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.24</span> (v.l. for [[ἀφ]]-):—Pass., <b class="b3">ἐφεθήσεταί τινι</b> c. inf., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Pr.Im.</span>24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b2">command</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>2.9</span> (v.infr.B). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">give up, leave as a prey</b>, ἐφῆκεν ἐλλοῖς ἰχθύσιν διαφθοράν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1297</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">495</span> (v.l.); τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἐ. τοῖς στρατιώταις διαρπάσαι <span class="bibl">D.S.14.75</span>; intr. (sc. <b class="b3">ἑαυτόν</b>), <b class="b2">give oneself up to</b>, ἰσχυρῷ γέλωτι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>388e</span>; [<b class="b3">παιδιᾷ</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>59c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">put</b> the male <b class="b2">to</b> the female, ἐπῆκε ὀχεῦσαι τὸν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.85</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>630b33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> as law-term, <b class="b2">leave</b> to another to decide, <b class="b2">refer</b>, δίκας ἐ. εἴς τινας <span class="bibl">D.40.31</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς δικαστήριον</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">ἐ. τινὰ εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον</b> <b class="b2">refer</b> him to... <span class="bibl">Id.34.21</span>; (sc. <b class="b3">ἑαυτόν</b>) <b class="b2">appeal</b>, εἰς τοὺς δικαστάς <span class="bibl">Id.29.59</span>; ἐπί τινα Luc.<b class="b2">Bis Acc</b>.4; εἰς ἕτερον δικαστήριον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Herm.</span>30</span>; ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">D.C.64.2</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Id.37.27</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Med., <b class="b2">lay one's command</b> or <b class="b2">behest upon</b>, ὑμέων δ' ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἐφιέμενος τάδε εἴρω <span class="bibl">Od.13.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.23.82</span>, <span class="bibl">24.300</span>; ἐπιστολὰς ἅς σοι πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">πρός τι τοῦτ' ἐφίεσαι</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>766</span>: c. inf., ἐ. τινὶ ἀγγεῖλαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>242</span>; <b class="b3">χαίρειν τἀλλ' ἐγώ σ' ἐ</b>. I <b class="b2">bid</b> thec have thy will, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>112</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>1039</span>: abs., ὡς ἐφίεσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>228</span> (troch.), cf.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1483</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐς Λακεδαίμονα</b> <b class="b2">send or ders to</b>... <span class="bibl">Th.4.108</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">allow</b> or <b class="b2">permit</b> one to do, κάρα τέμνειν ἐφεῖτο τῷ θέλοντι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>619</span>; f.l. for [[ὑφ]]- in <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.6.31</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. gen., <b class="b2">aim at</b>, <b class="b3">καλῶν</b> lsoc.<span class="bibl">2.25</span>; ἀγαθοῦ τινος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1094a2</span>, etc.; in fighting, <b class="b3">τῶν προσώπων, τῶν ὅψεων</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>71</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Caes.</span>45</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">long for, desire</b>, <b class="b3">τί μοι τῶν δυσφόρων ἐφίῃ</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>143</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τί . . ἐφίεσαι φιλοτιμίας</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>531</span>; τῶν ἀλλοτρίων <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.79</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν κερδῶν, ἀρχῆς</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.8</span>,<span class="bibl">128</span>; τῶν ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἀγαθῶν <span class="bibl">Id.4.61</span>; ἰσότητος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1302a25</span>: c. gen. pers., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.1.2</span>: c. inf., ὧν . . σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι ἄκουσον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1315</span>; ἐ. ἄρξειν <span class="bibl">Th.6.6</span> codd. (leg. <b class="b3">ἄρξαι</b>): c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1055</span>.</span>