μοχθηρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ά, όν, also ός, όν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>875</span>: (μοχθέω):—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">suffering hardship, in sore distress, wretched</b>, of persons, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>257</span>; ὦ πόλλ' ἐγὼ μ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>254</span>; <b class="b3">ὦ μόχθηρε σύ</b> <b class="b2">poor wretch</b>! <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span>165</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1175</span>; ὦ μόχθηρε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>268e</span>; of conditions, μοχθηρῆς ἐούσης τῆς ζόης <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.46</span>; <b class="b3">μοχθηρὰ τλῆναι</b> suffer <b class="b2">hardships</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>752</span>. Adv., <b class="b3">σῶμα μοχθηρῶς διακείμενον</b> in a <b class="b2">bad</b> way, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> 504e</span>; <b class="b3">ζῆν μ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">505a</span>; μ. ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1254b1</span>: Comp., μοχθηροτέρως ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>343e</span>: Sup. -ότατα, διακείμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Erx.</span>406</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">in bad condition</b>, βοῦς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>316</span>; ἱμάτιον <span class="bibl">Cratin.207</span>; μοχθηρότερα ἀποδιδόντες ἢ παρέλαβον τὰ ἱμάτια <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>91e</span>; <b class="b3">καταλαβὼν μοχθηρὰ τὰ πράγματα</b> finding trade <b class="b2">in a bad state</b>, <span class="bibl">D.34.8</span>; μ. ἐλπίδας ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Din. 1.107</span>; μ. τραγῳδία <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1090b20</span>; ὕδατα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>872a10</span>; χρόα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>616b12</span>; ἀγωγή <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>24.57</span> (ii B. C.); of persons, <b class="b2">inferior</b>, <b class="b3">μ</b>. (v.l. [[πονηρ-]]) ἰατρός <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.2.4</span>; also, of appearance, <b class="b3">μοχθηρὸς τὴν ἰδέαν</b> <b class="b2">ugly</b>, <span class="bibl">And.1.100</span>; of arguments, <b class="b2">unsound, fallacious</b>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>2.111</span>; of persons, <b class="b2">mistaken</b>, <span class="bibl">Anon.Lond.27.24</span>: so in Adv. -ρῶς, κρίνομεν <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.210</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> most freq. of persons, in moral sense, <b class="b2">knavish, rascally</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.73</span>, etc.; ἐκ χρηστῶν καὶ γενναίων μοχθηροτάτους ἀπέδειξας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1011</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>91e</span>; τοὺς τρόπους μ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1003</span>; of acts, etc., μ. τι πράσσειν <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>510; ὑφοψία μ. <span class="title">OGI</span>315.58 (Pessinus, ii B. C.); ῥῆμα μ. <span class="title">SIG</span>1175.5 (Piraeus, iv/iii B. C.); μοχθηρότερα λεγόντων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.4.13</span> (v.l. -ότερον Adv. Comp.).—Some Gramm. write <b class="b3">μόχθηρος, πόνηρος</b> in signf. <span class="bibl">1</span>, <b class="b3">μοχθηρός, πονηρός</b> in signf. <span class="bibl">11</span>, <span class="bibl">Ammon.<span class="title">Diff.</span>p.94</span> V., <span class="bibl">Arc.71.16</span>, but Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.197</span> (ap.<span class="bibl">Eust.341.14</span>) argues that like other Adjs. in -ρος these words ought to be oxyt. in both senses. In the voc. the best codd. always give <b class="b3">μόχθηρε</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 165</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1175</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>391</span>; cf. <b class="b3">πονηρός</b>.</span>