φάος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<b class="b3">φάεος, τό,</b> Att. contr. φῶς, <b class="b3">φωτός</b>, and resolved Ep. φόως (<b class="b3">φώωσδε</b>, though read by Ar.Byz. and Aristarch., is to be rejected in <span class="bibl">Il.16.188</span>); Aeol. φάος <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>25.9</span>, but cf. <b class="b3">φαυοφόρος</b>:—Hom. uses <b class="b3">φάος</b> and <b class="b3">φόως</b>, never <b class="b3">φῶς;</b> of the oblique cases he uses only dat. sing. <b class="b3">φάει</b> and acc. pl. <b class="b3">φάεα;</b> dat. pl. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> φαέεσσι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>142.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Dian.</span>211</span>, etc.:—<b class="b3">φάος</b> is the only form used by Pi.: Trag. use <b class="b3">φάος</b> or <b class="b3">φῶς</b>, both in lyr. and dialogue, as metre requires: Com. use <b class="b3">φάος</b> in lyr. only, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>973</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1529</span>; <b class="b3">φῶν</b> is a late acc. in <span class="title">BCH</span>51.380 (Cyme, Hymn to Isis); in Prose <b class="b3">φῶς</b> is the only form used in nom. and acc.: gen. φάους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.9</span>, <span class="bibl">26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Oec.</span>9.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">de An.</span>429a3</span>; dat. φάει <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>575</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>62</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>415</span>, <span class="bibl">1212</span> (lyr.), etc.: pl., φάη <span class="bibl">B. 8.28</span>, Gal.18(2).250, <span class="title">AP</span>7.373 (Thall.); gen. φαέων <span class="bibl">Arat.90</span>; dat. φάεσι <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Dian.</span>71</span>; in Prose gen. φωτός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>518a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ax.</span>365c</span>; dat. φωτί <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Musc.Enc.</span>9</span>, etc. (φῷ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>534</span>); pl., φῶτα <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).203 <span class="title">A</span>33 (Delos, iii B. C.), etc.; gen. <b class="b3">φώτων</b> ib.42(1).110.43 (Epid., iv B. C.); dat. <b class="b3">φωσί</b> (v. infr. 1.2): (φάω) <b class="b3">. [ᾰ</b> regularly; but Hom. always has ᾱ metri gr. in <b class="b3">φᾱεα;</b> and so dat. pl. φᾱεσι in <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Dian.</span>71</span>]:—<b class="b2">light</b>, esp. <b class="b2">daylight</b>, <b class="b3">ἤδη</b> φ. ἦεν ἐπὶ χθόνα <span class="bibl">Od.23.371</span>; φ. οἴχεθ' ὑπὸ ζόφον <span class="bibl">3.335</span>; κατέδυ λαμπρὸν φ. ἠελίοιο <span class="bibl">Il.1.605</span>; Ἠὼς . . Ζηνὶ φόως ἐρέουσα <span class="bibl">2.49</span>; ἀθανάτοισι φόως φέροι <span class="bibl">Od.5.2</span>; νὺξ ἀποκρύψει φάος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>24</span>; τὸ τοῦ ἡλίου φῶς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 515e</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τὸ φῶς βλέπειν</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">οὐράνιον φῶς, αἰθέρος φῶς</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>944</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>809</span> (lyr.); ἡμέρας ἁγνὸν φάος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>443</span>; ἡμερήσιον φάος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>23</span>; τὸ ἡμερινὸν φῶς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>508c</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν φάει</b> by <b class="b2">daylight</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.429</span>; <b class="b3">ἕως ἂν φῶς γένηται</b> till <b class="b2">day</b>break, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>311a</span>; <b class="b3">ἅμα φάει</b> at <b class="b2">day</b>break, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cam.</span>34</span>; ἅμα τῷ φωτί <span class="bibl">Plb.1.30.10</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἕως ἔτι φῶς ἐστιν</b> while there is still <b class="b2">light</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>89c</span>; ἔτι φάους ὄντος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.26</span>; κατὰ φάος νύκτας τε <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>425</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">κατὰ φῶς</b>, opp. <b class="b3">νύκτωρ</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.25</span>; also, of moon<b class="b2">light</b> and star<b class="b2">light</b>, φαέεσσι σελήνης Hes. l. c., cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).75</span>, <span class="bibl">Bion <span class="title">Fr.</span>8.5</span>, etc.; ἀστέρος τηλαυγέστερον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.75</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ φῶτα</b>, sc. sun and moon, <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>37</span>,<span class="bibl">38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> in Poets, freq. in phrases concerning the life of men, ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φ. ἠελίοιο <span class="bibl">Il.18.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.540</span>, etc.; λείπειν φ. ἠελίοιο <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>155</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.569</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς φάος οὐκ ἀνίεσκε, ἀκίκεσθε</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>157</span>,<span class="bibl">652</span>; ζῇ τε καὶ βλέπει φάος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>299</span>; ὅστις φῶς ὁρᾷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>375</span>; ὄντα ἐν φάει <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>415</span>, etc.; Διὸς ἐν φάει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>707</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">πέμψατ' ἔνερθεν ψυχὴν ἐς φῶς, ἀναγαγεῖν εἰς φῶς</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>630</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>699</span> (anap.); πρὸς φῶς ἀνελθεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>625</span>; πρὸς φῶς ἄγειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>320d</span>; λείπω φάος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1185</span> (paratrag.); εἰ στερήσομαι τοῦδε τοῦ φωτός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>365c</span>: but also <b class="b3">εἰς φῶς ἰέναι</b> to come into <b class="b2">the light</b>, i.e. into <b class="b2">public</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1353</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς φῶς λέγειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">581</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ φῶς κόσμον παρέχει</b> <b class="b2">light</b> (i. e. <b class="b2">publicity</b>) is a guarantee for order, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>9.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> simply <b class="b2">a day</b>, φῶς ἓν ἡλίου καταρκέσει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>447</span>; <b class="b3">νόστιμον βλέπειν φάος</b>, = [[ἦμαρ]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>261</span>: pl., <b class="b3">κρισίμων φαέων</b> of critical <b class="b2">days</b>, AP11.382.11 (Agath.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">the light</b> of a torch, lamp, fire, etc., τίς τοι φάος οἴσει; <span class="bibl">Od.19.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">34</span>,<span class="bibl">64</span>; φάος πάντεσσι παρέξω <span class="bibl">18.317</span>; φῶς δαίων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>863</span> (anap.); ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.2.29</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς φῶς πίνειν</b> to drink by <b class="b2">the fire</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.27</span>; <b class="b2">a light</b>, φῶς ἔχων . . ἀφηγεῖτο <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.1.8</span>: pl., <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pel.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>26</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ φ</b>. the <b class="b2">illuminations</b>, IG11(2).203<span class="title">A</span>33 (Delos, iii B. C.); <b class="b3">μέσοις φωσίν</b> at a moderate <b class="b2">fire</b>, Ps.-Democr.Alch.<span class="bibl">p.46</span> B., cf. Zos.Alch.pp.147,155 B. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">the light</b> of the eyes, <b class="b3">φάος ὀμμάτων, ὄσσων</b>, Pind.<span class="title">N.</span>10.40, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>4.525</span>: pl., φάεα <b class="b2">eyes</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.15</span>, <span class="bibl">19.417</span>; τίεσκον ἴσον φαέεσσιν ἐμοῖσι <span class="bibl">Mosch.4.9</span>; φάη Gal. l. c.: sg., of the Cyclops' <b class="b2">eye</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>633</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">window</b>, IG42(1).110.43 (Epid., iv B. C.), Plu.2.515b; <b class="b2">opening</b> in a machine, Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.49.7.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">light</b>, as a metaph. for deliverance, happiness, victory, glory, etc., καὶ τῷ μὲν φάος ἦλθεν <span class="bibl">Il.17.615</span>; φόως δ' ἑτάροισιν ἔθηκεν <span class="bibl">6.6</span>; ἐπὴν φάος ἐν νήεσσι θήῃς <span class="bibl">16.95</span>; ἐν χερσὶ φόως <span class="bibl">15.741</span>; [πύλαι] πετασθεῖσαι τεῦξαν φάος <span class="bibl">21.538</span>; φ. ἀρετᾶν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>4.11</span>; δώμασιν φάος μέγα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>300</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 600</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>709</span> (lyr.); λαμπρὸν φ. γένους <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>9; of persons, ἤν πού τι φόως Δαναοῖσι γένωμαι <span class="bibl">Il.16.39</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.282</span>, etc.; esp. in addressing persons, ἦλθες, Τηλέμαχε, γλυκερὸν φάος <span class="bibl">Od.16.23</span>; ὦ φάος Ἑλλήνων <span class="bibl">Anacr.124</span>; Ἀκραγαντίνων φάος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>2.17</span>; ὦ φίλτατον φῶς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1224</span>, <span class="bibl">1354</span>; ὦ μέγιστον Ἕλλησιν φάος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>841</span>; in late Prose, Anon. ap. Suid. s.v. [[ὦ φῶς]]: pl., <span class="title">AP</span>7.373 (Thall.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of God, ὁ θεὸς φ. ἐστί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Jo.</span>1.5</span>; φ. καὶ ζωή ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατήρ <span class="title">Corp.Herm.</span>1.21; of Christ, φ. εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>2.32</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with reference to <b class="b2">illumination</b> of the mind, τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ φῶς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1026</span>; φ. ἐν τῷ φιλοσοφεῖν Plu.2.77d, cf. 47c; τὸ φ. τὸ ἐν σοί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>6.23</span>; τὸ φ. τῆς ζωῆς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>8.12</span>; ἐν τῷ φ. εἶναι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Jo.</span>2.9</span>; <b class="b3">τέκνα φωτός, ὅπλα τοῦ φ</b>., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Eph.</span>5.8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>13.12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">the dark ring round the nipple</b>, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.163</span>.</span>