ἄνθρωπος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, Att. crasis <b class="b3">ἅνθρωπος</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ὥνθρωπος</b>, for <b class="b3">ὁ ἄνθρ-</b>:— <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">man</b>, both as a generic term and of individuals, Hom. etc., opp. <b class="b2">gods</b>, ἀθανάτων τε θεῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων τ' ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Il.5.442</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πρὸς ἠοίων ἢ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων</b> <b class="b2">the men</b> of the east or of the west, <span class="bibl">Od.8.29</span>; even of the dead in the Isles of the Blest, ib.<span class="bibl">4.565</span>; κόμπος οὐ κατ' ἄνθρωπον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>425</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>761</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Pl. uses it both with and without the Art. to denote <b class="b2">man</b> generically, ὁ ἄ. θείας μετέσχε μοίρας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>322a</span>; οὕτω . . εὐδαιμονέστατος γίγνεται ἄ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>619b</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ὁ ἄ</b>. <b class="b2">the ideal man, humanity</b>, ἀπώλεσας τὸν ἄ., οὐκ ἐπλήρωσας τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.9.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in pl., <b class="b2">mankind</b>, ἀνθρώπων . . ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν <span class="bibl">Il.9.134</span>; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ . . ἀνθρώπων χρόνῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>306</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξἀνθρώπων γίγνεσθαι</b> depart <b class="b2">this life</b>, <span class="bibl">Paus.4.26.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>8.31</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> joined with a Sup. to increase its force, δεινότατον τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἁπάντων <span class="bibl">D.53.2</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ ἄριστος ἐν ἀνθρώποις ὄρτυξ</b> the best quail in <b class="b2">the world</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>211e</span>; freq. without a Prep., <b class="b3">μάλιστα, ἥκιστα ἀνθρώπων</b>, most or least <b class="b2">of all</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>629a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>361e</span>; <b class="b3">ἄριστά γ' ἀ., ὀρθότατα ἀ</b>., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>148b</span>, <span class="bibl">195b</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πράγματα</b> 'all the trouble in the world', ib.<span class="bibl">170e</span>; γραφὰς τὰς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἐγράφετο <span class="bibl">Lys.13.73</span>; αἱ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πληγαί <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.59</span>; πάντα τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων κακὰ ἔλεγε <span class="bibl">D.C.57.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> joined with another Subst., like [[ἀνήρ]], ἄ. ὁδίτης <span class="bibl">Il.16.263</span>; πολίτας ἀ. <span class="bibl">D.22.54</span>; with names of nations, πόλις Μερόπων ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>42</span>; in Att. freq. in a contemptuous sense, <b class="b3">ἄ. ὑπογραμματεύς, ἄ. γόης, ἄ. συκοφάντης</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.30.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.153</span>,183; ἄ. ἀλαζών <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.7.2</span>; ἄ. ὑφάντης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>87b</span>; Μενίππου, Καρός τινος ἀνθρώπου <span class="bibl">D.21.175</span>; ἄ. βασιλεύς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>22.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ἅνθρωπος</b> or <b class="b3">ὁ ἄνθρωπος</b> alone, <b class="b2">the man, the fellow</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>117e</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς ἀστεῖος ὁ ἄ</b>., with slight irony, ib.<span class="bibl">116d</span>, al.; with a sense of pity, <span class="bibl">D.21.91</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> in the voc. freq. in a contemptuous sense, as when addressed to slaves, etc., <b class="b3">ἄνθρωπε</b> or ὤνθρωπε <b class="b2">sirrah! you sir!</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.63</span>,<span class="bibl">8.125</span>, and freq. in Pl., but in Trag. only <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>791</span>,<span class="bibl">1154</span>; simply, <b class="b2">brother</b>, POxy.215.1, <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen. 2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">slave</b>, ἂν ἄ. ᾖ <span class="bibl">Philem.22</span>; ἄ. ἐμός Gal.14.649; <b class="b3">ὁ ἄ. τῆς ἁμαρτίας</b> or ἀνομίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Thess.</span>2.3</span>; ἄ. τοῦ Θεοῦ <b class="b2">1 Ep.Tim</b>. <span class="bibl">6.11</span>; but <b class="b3">τιθέναι τινὰ ἐν ἀνθρώποις</b> make <b class="b2">a man of</b>, of a freed slave, <span class="bibl">Herod.5.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">ἄ. ἄ</b>. <b class="b2">any one</b>, Hebraism in <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Le.</span>17.3</span> (cf. <b class="b3">ἀνήρ</b> VI.<span class="bibl">8</span>); <b class="b3">ἄ</b>. like Germ. <b class="b2">man</b> 'one', <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>4.1</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> Medic., name of a <b class="b2">plaster</b>, ἡ διὰ σάνδυκος ἄ. καλουμένη <span class="bibl">Aët.15.43</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> as fem., <b class="b2">woman</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.98</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.18.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1148b20</span>; contemptuously, of female slaves, <span class="bibl">Antipho1.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.6.20</span>, etc.; with a sense of pity, <span class="bibl">D.19.197</span>.—Prop. opp. <b class="b3">θηρίον</b>, cf. <b class="b3">ἀνήρ;</b> but opp. <b class="b3">γυνή</b>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.137</span>; ἀπὺ ἀνθρώπου ἕως γυναικός <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Es.</span>9.40</span>, etc.</span>