φωνή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[sound]], [[tone]], prop., [[the]] [[sound]] of the [[voice]], whether of men or animals with lungs and throat (ἡ φωνὴ ψόφος τίς ἐστιν ἐμψύχου Arist.de An.420b5, cf. 29, HA535a27, PA664b1); opp. [[φθόγγος]] (v. φθόγγος ''ΙΙ''):<br><span class="bld">I</span> mostly of human beings, [[speech]], [[voice]], [[utterance]], φωνὴ [[ἄρρηκτος]] Il.2.490; ἀτειρέα φωνή 17.555; φωνὴ δέ οἱ αἰθέρ' ἵκανεν, of [[Ajax]]' [[battle]]-[[cry]], 15.686; of the [[battle]]-[[cry]] of an [[army]], Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν . . φ. δεινὸν ἀϋσάντων 14.400: pl., of the [[cry|cries]] of [[market]]-[[people]], X.Cyr.1.2.3; ὁ [[τόνος]] τῆς φωνής Id.Cyn.6.20, D.18.280, Aeschin.3.209; ὀξεῖα φωνή, βαρυτέρα φωνή, λεία φωνή, τραχεῖα φωνή, Pl.Ti.67b; φωνὴ μαλακή Ar.Nu.979 (anap.); [[μιαρός|μιαρά]], [[ἀναιδής]], Id.Eq.218,638: with Verbs, φωνὴν ῥῆξαι Hdt.1.85, Ar.Nu.357 (anap.); φωνὴν ἱέναι Hdt.2.2, 4.23, Pl.Phdr.259d, etc.; φωνὴν ἥσει E.HF1295; [[προΐεσθαι]] Aeschin.2.23; ἀρθροῦν X.Mem.1.4.12; διαρθρώσασθαι Pl.Prt.322a; [[ἐντείνασθαι]] Aeschin.2.157; φωνὴν ἐπαρεῖ D.19.336; φωνῇ [[with]] [[his]] [[voice]], [[aloud]], Il.3.161, Pi.P.9.29; εἶπε τῇ φωνῇ τὰ ἀπόρρητα Lys.6.51; διὰ ζώσης φωνῆς Anon.Geog.Epit.1p.488M.; [[μιᾷ φωνῇ]] = [[with]] one [[voice]], Luc. Nigr.14; ἀπὸ φωνῆς, c. gen., [[dictate]]d by... Choerob.in Thd.1.103 tit., Marin. in Euc.Dat.p.234 M., Olymp. in Grg.p.1 N., Pall. in Hp.2.1 D.: pl., αἱ φωναί the [[note]]s of the [[voice]], Pl.Grg.474e; σχήμασι καὶ φωναῖς Arist. Rh.1306a32: [[proverb|prov.]], [[φωνῇ]] [[ὁρᾶν]], of a [[blind]] [[man]], S.OC138 (anap.); πᾶσαν, τὸ λεγόμενον, φωνὴν ἱέντα, i.e. using every [[effort]], Pl.Lg.890d, cf. Euthd.293a; πάσας [[ἀφιέναι]] φωνάς Id.R.475a, D.18.195; φωνὰς ἀπρεπεῖς προΐεντο PTeb.802.15 (ii B. C.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> the [[cry]] of animals, as of [[swine]], [[dog]]s, [[ox]]en, Od.10.239, 12.86,396; of asses, Hdt.4.129; of the [[nightingale]], [[song]], Od.19.521; ἄνθρωπος πολλὰς φωνὰς ἀφίησι, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα μίαν Arist.Pr.895a4.<br><span class="bld">3</span> any [[articulate]] [[sound]], opp. [[inarticulate]] [[noise]] ([[ψόφος]]), φωνὴ κωκυμάτων S.Ant.1206; ὥσπερ φωνῆς οὔσης κατὰ τὸν ἀέρα πολλάκις καὶ λόγου ἐν τῇ φωνῇ Plot.6.4.12: στοιχεῖόν ἐστι φωνὴ [[ἀδιαίρετος]] Arist.Po.1456b22; also especially of [[vowel]] [[sound]], opp. to that of [[consonant]]s, Pl.Tht.203b, Arist.HA535a32; in literary criticism, of [[sound]], opp. [[meaning]], Phld.Po.5.20 (pl.), 21.<br><span class="bld">4</span> of [[sound]]s made by [[inanimate]] [[object]]s, mostly Poet., κερκίδος φωνή S.Fr.595; συρίγγων E.Tr.127 (lyr.); αὐλῶν Mnesim.4.56 (anap.); rare in early Prose, ὀργάνων φωναί Pl.R.397a; freq. in LXX, ἡ φωνή τῆς σάλπιγγος [[LXX]] Ex.20.18; φωνὴ βροντῆς ib. Ps.103(104).7; ἡ φωνὴ αὐτοῦ ὡς φωνὴ ὑδάτων πολλῶν Apoc.1.15.<br><span class="bld">5</span> generally, [[sound]], defined as ἀὴρ πεπληγμένος, πληγὴ ἀέρος, Zeno Stoic.1.21, Chrysipp.ib.2.43.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[faculty]] of [[speech]], [[discourse]], εἰ φωνὴν λάβοι S.El.548; παρέσχε φωνὴν τοῖς ἀφωνήτοις τινά Id.OC1283.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[language]], hdt.4.114, 117; φ. ἀνθρωπηΐη Id.2.55; ἀγνῶτα φ. βάρβαρον A.Ag.1051; φωνὴν ἥσομεν Παρνησίδα Id.Ch.563, cf. E.Or.1397 (lyr.), Th.6.5, 7.57, X.Cyn.2.3, Pl.Ap.17d, etc.; τῶν βαρβάρων πρὶν μαθεῖν τὴν φωνήν Id.Tht.163b; κατὰ τὴν Ἀττικὴν τὴν παλαιὰν φωνήν Id.Cra. 398d, cf. 409e.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[phrase]], [[saying]], τὴν Σιμωνίδου φωνήν Id.Prt. 341b; ἡ τοῦ Σωκράτους φωνή Plu.2.106b, cf. 330f, etc.; of [[formula]]e, στοιχειώματα καὶ φωναί Epicur.Ep.1p.4U., cf. Sent.Vat.41 (= Metrod. Fr.59); αἱ σκεπτικαὶ φωναί S.E.P.1.14, cf. Jul.Or.5.162b, etc.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[report]], [[rumour]], LXXGe.45.16.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[message]], Sammelb.7252.21 (iii/iv A. D.).<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[loud]] [[talk]], [[bragging]], Epicur.Sent.Vat. 45.