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αἴτιος: Difference between revisions

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|Definition=α, ον, more rarely ος, ον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>547</span>: (v. [[αἰτία]]):—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[culpable]], [[responsible]], ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν <span class="bibl">Il.1.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B.10.34</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.214</span>: Comp. αἰτιώτερος <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>: Sup., <b class="b3">τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους</b> [[the most guilty]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.50</span>; αἰ. τινος <span class="bibl">Id.3.52</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Subst., [[αἴτιος]], [[ὁ]], [[the accused]], [[the culprit]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>70</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός</b> [[they who have sinned against]] my father, ib.<span class="bibl">273</span>:—c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ φόνου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>590</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.200</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[responsible for]], c. gen. rei, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἴτιός τινός τινι</b> being [[the cause of]] a thing [[to]] a person, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.23.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.100</span>: c. inf., αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.26</span>; τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.3.12</span>, etc.; αἴ. θανεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1173</span>; αἰ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.82</span>; αἴτιος τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>190e</span>: Comp., τοῦ… ἐλευθέραν εἶναι… αἰτιώτερον <span class="bibl">D.24.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">51.21</span>: Sup. <b class="b3">αἰτιώτατος, ἐν τῷ στενῷ ναυμαχῆσαι</b> [[mainly instrumental in causing]] the sea-fight, <span class="bibl">Th.1.74</span>; αἰ. τοῦ μὴ ἀποθανεῖν <span class="bibl">D.20.42</span>; -ώτατόν τι καὶ τελέως δραστικόν Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>1.23. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[αἴτιον]], [[τό]], [[cause]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>6</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">21</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.125</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>939</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.26</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τί ποτ' οὖν ἐστι τὸ αἴτιον τό… μηδένα εἰπεῖν</b>; <span class="bibl">D.8.56</span>; freq. in Philos., τὸ δ' αἴ. τούτου εἶναι ὅτι… <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>11o</span>e, etc.</span>
|Definition=α, ον, more rarely ος, ον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>547</span>: (v. [[αἰτία]]):—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[culpable]], [[responsible]], ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν <span class="bibl">Il.1.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B.10.34</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.214</span>: Comp. αἰτιώτερος <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>: Sup., <b class="b3">τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους</b> [[the most guilty]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.50</span>; αἰ. τινος <span class="bibl">Id.3.52</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Subst., [[αἴτιος]], [[ὁ]], [[the accused]], [[the culprit]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>70</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός</b> [[they who have sinned against]] my father, ib.<span class="bibl">273</span>:—c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ φόνου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>590</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.200</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[responsible for]], c. gen. rei, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἴτιός τινός τινι</b> being [[the cause of]] a thing [[to]] a person, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.23.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.100</span>: c. inf., αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.26</span>; τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.3.12</span>, etc.; αἴ. θανεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1173</span>; αἰ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.82</span>; αἴτιος τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>190e</span>: Comp., τοῦ… ἐλευθέραν εἶναι… αἰτιώτερον <span class="bibl">D.24.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">51.21</span>: Sup. <b class="b3">αἰτιώτατος, ἐν τῷ στενῷ ναυμαχῆσαι</b> [[mainly instrumental in causing]] the sea-fight, <span class="bibl">Th.1.74</span>; αἰ. τοῦ μὴ ἀποθανεῖν <span class="bibl">D.20.42</span>; -ώτατόν τι καὶ τελέως δραστικόν Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>1.23. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[αἴτιον]], [[τό]], [[cause]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>6</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">21</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.125</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>939</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.26</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τί ποτ' οὖν ἐστι τὸ αἴτιον τό… μηδένα εἰπεῖν</b>; <span class="bibl">D.8.56</span>; freq. in Philos., τὸ δ' αἴ. τούτου εἶναι ὅτι… <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>11o</span>e, etc.</span>
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|dgtxt=-α, -ον<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [-ος, -ον Ar.<i>Pl</i>.547]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>en cont. desfavorables [[responsable]], [[culpable]] ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν <i>Il</i>.1.153, οὐδέ τοι ἡμεῖς αἴτιοι (de la muerte de Patroclo) ἀλλὰ θεός τε μέγας καὶ Μοῖρα <i>Il</i>.19.410, cf. 86, οὔ ... ἀοιδοὶ αἴ. (de las desgracias que cantan) [[ἀλλά]] ποθι Ζεύς <i>Od</i>.1.348, θεός B.11.34, τοὺς μὲν αἰτίους σήμαινε Archil.117.1, cf. Hdt.7.214<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. [[αἴτιος]] ἔπλετο πάντων <i>Od</i>.22.48, ὀργῆς ματαίας εἰσὶν αἴτιοι λόγοι A.<i>Fr</i>.472, τῆς διαφορᾶς Hdt.1.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. y dat. de pers. [[αἴτιος]] ἐκείνῳ ἐστὶ τοῦ θανάτου Lys.13.57, ἑαυτῷ τοῦ πάθους αἴτιον ἡγήσατο D.23.54, πολλῶν δὲ χρήματ' αἴτι' ἀνθρώποις κακῶν E.<i>Fr</i>.632, cf. Plb.9.37.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. οἱ ζῶντες αἴ. θανεῖν S.<i>Ant</i>.1173<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. ὁ [[αἴτιος]] [[el culpable]] c. gen. obj. οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός los culpables de la muerte de mi padre</i> A.<i>Ch</i>.273, cf. 68, Plb.3.21.7, τοῦ φόνου A.<i>Ch</i>.117, cf. S.<i>Ph</i>.590, Hdt.4.200, <i>PLugd.Bat</i>.22.10.13 (II a.C.).<br /><b class="num">2</b> en cont. favorables [[responsable]], [[causante]] c. gen. τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι Hdt.3.12, σωτηρίας Plb.1.43.2, de los dioses αἴτιοι πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[86] 29, πάντων τῶν ἀγαθῶν <i>SIG</i> 611.25 (Delfos II a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. y dat. de pers. τῶν ἀγαθῶν ὢν ὁ θεὸς αὐτοῖς [[αἴτιος]] Pl.<i>Smp</i>.194e, μεγίστων ἀγαθῶν αἰτίαν γενέσθαι πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις D.S.1.27, πολλοῖς ... ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ γέγονεν [[αἴτιος]] τῆς σωτηρίας <i>SIG</i> 485.69 (Eleusis III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. αἴ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον Antipho 5.23, αἴ. ... τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl.<i>La</i>.190e, cf. <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.682.36 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. ὀρθῶς κείμενοι νόμοι αἴτιοι Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1262<sup>b</sup>5<br /><b class="num">•</b>para expresar la [[causa]] o [[razón]] científica αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι Hdt.2.26, τοῦ μὴ γίγνεσθαι πολλοὺς ... [[αἴτιος]] ἡ ... κίνησις Arist.<i>Mete</i>.345<sup>a</sup>6, (τὸ πνεῦμα) αἴτιον ὄντα τοῦ ψυχικοῦ τοῖς ζῴοις D.S.1.12.<br /><b class="num">II</b> subst. τὸ αἴ.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[la causa]], [[la razón]] τὸ δ' αἴτιον οὐτ Sapph.67(a).6, cf. Hp.<i>VM</i> 6, 21, Hdt.7.125, E.<i>IA</i> 939, D.8.56, Philostr.<i>VA</i> 2.29<br /><b class="num">•</b>en sent. cien. esp. como pred. nom. más gen. [[(la) causa de]] τούτου δὲ αἴτιόν ἐστι τοῦ σώματος ἡ [[ἔντασις]] Hp.<i>Aër</i>.4, Pl.<i>Phd</i>.110e<br /><b class="num">•</b>fil. [[causa]] τὸ ποιοῦν δέ γ' ἐστὶν οὐκ ἄλλο τι ἢ αἴ. lo que produce no es otra cosa que la causa</i> Pl.<i>Hp.Ma</i>.296e, cf. <i>Grg</i>.520e, <i>Prt</i>.352d, Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.982<sup>b</sup>2, τῆς μονῆς, τοῦ μένειν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[24] 43.16, 44.6, κινήσεως Ptol.<i>Iudic</i>.11.12, cf. Epicur.[3] 99.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>en Arist. identificado con las ἀρχαί Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1013<sup>a</sup>17, cf. 994<sup>a</sup>1, <i>Ph</i>.195<sup>a</sup>27-28, 257<sup>a</sup>30-31<br /><b class="num">•</b>distinct de σημεῖα, συμπτώματα Arist.<i>Diu.Som</i>.462<sup>b</sup>27, τὰ αἴτια γνωρίσωμεν τὰ πρῶτα Arist.<i>Ph</i>.185<sup>a</sup>13, cf. 195<sup>b</sup>22<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[principio causal]], [[principio]], [[motivo]] κατὰ δὲ τὸ ἴδιον χώρας καὶ ὅσων [[δήποτε]] αἰτίων οὐ πᾶσι συνέπεται τὸ αὐτὸ δίκαιον εἶναι (el derecho representa el bien común) pero en cuanto se refiere a la particularidad de una región y de motivos diferentes no conviene a todos el mismo derecho</i> Epicur.[5] 36.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>entre los estoicos [[lo causante]] identif. c. la divinidad y otros principios, Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.120, cf. 2.119.<br /><b class="num">2</b> τὰ Αἴτια [[Las Causas]], [[Los Orígenes]] o [[Los Principios]] poemas etiológicos, explicaciones de mitos, obra de Calímaco, A.R.<i>Fr</i>.13.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Cf. [[αἰτέω]], [[αἴνυμαι]].
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|sltr=[[αἴτιος]] <br /><b>1</b> [[responsible]] παντὶ μὲν θεὸν αἴτιον ὑπερτιθέμεν pr. (P. 5.25)
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|dgtxt=-α, -ον<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [-ος, -ον Ar.<i>Pl</i>.547]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>en cont. desfavorables [[responsable]], [[culpable]] ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν <i>Il</i>.1.153, οὐδέ τοι ἡμεῖς αἴτιοι (de la muerte de Patroclo) ἀλλὰ θεός τε μέγας καὶ Μοῖρα <i>Il</i>.19.410, cf. 86, οὔ ... ἀοιδοὶ αἴ. (de las desgracias que cantan) [[ἀλλά]] ποθι Ζεύς <i>Od</i>.1.348, θεός B.11.34, τοὺς μὲν αἰτίους σήμαινε Archil.117.1, cf. Hdt.7.214<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. [[αἴτιος]] ἔπλετο πάντων <i>Od</i>.22.48, ὀργῆς ματαίας εἰσὶν αἴτιοι λόγοι A.<i>Fr</i>.472, τῆς διαφορᾶς Hdt.1.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. y dat. de pers. [[αἴτιος]] ἐκείνῳ ἐστὶ τοῦ θανάτου Lys.13.57, ἑαυτῷ τοῦ πάθους αἴτιον ἡγήσατο D.23.54, πολλῶν δὲ χρήματ' αἴτι' ἀνθρώποις κακῶν E.<i>Fr</i>.632, cf. Plb.9.37.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. οἱ ζῶντες αἴ. θανεῖν S.<i>Ant</i>.1173<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. ὁ [[αἴτιος]] [[el culpable]] c. gen. obj. οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός los culpables de la muerte de mi padre</i> A.<i>Ch</i>.273, cf. 68, Plb.3.21.7, τοῦ φόνου A.<i>Ch</i>.117, cf. S.<i>Ph</i>.590, Hdt.4.200, <i>PLugd.Bat</i>.22.10.13 (II a.C.).<br /><b class="num">2</b> en cont. favorables [[responsable]], [[causante]] c. gen. τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι Hdt.3.12, σωτηρίας Plb.1.43.2, de los dioses αἴτιοι πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[86] 29, πάντων τῶν ἀγαθῶν <i>SIG</i> 611.25 (Delfos II a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. y dat. de pers. τῶν ἀγαθῶν ὢν ὁ θεὸς αὐτοῖς [[αἴτιος]] Pl.<i>Smp</i>.194e, μεγίστων ἀγαθῶν αἰτίαν γενέσθαι πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις D.S.1.27, πολλοῖς ... ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ γέγονεν [[αἴτιος]] τῆς σωτηρίας <i>SIG</i> 485.69 (Eleusis III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. αἴ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον Antipho 5.23, αἴ. ... τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl.<i>La</i>.190e, cf. <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.682.36 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. ὀρθῶς κείμενοι νόμοι αἴτιοι Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1262<sup>b</sup>5<br /><b class="num">•</b>para expresar la [[causa]] o [[razón]] científica αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι Hdt.2.26, τοῦ μὴ γίγνεσθαι πολλοὺς ... [[αἴτιος]] ἡ ... κίνησις Arist.<i>Mete</i>.345<sup>a</sup>6, (τὸ πνεῦμα) αἴτιον ὄντα τοῦ ψυχικοῦ τοῖς ζῴοις D.S.1.12.<br /><b class="num">II</b> subst. τὸ αἴ.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[la causa]], [[la razón]] τὸ δ' αἴτιον οὐτ Sapph.67(a).6, cf. Hp.<i>VM</i> 6, 21, Hdt.7.125, E.<i>IA</i> 939, D.8.56, Philostr.<i>VA</i> 2.29<br /><b class="num">•</b>en sent. cien. esp. como pred. nom. más gen. [[(la) causa de]] τούτου δὲ αἴτιόν ἐστι τοῦ σώματος ἡ [[ἔντασις]] Hp.<i>Aër</i>.4, Pl.<i>Phd</i>.110e<br /><b class="num">•</b>fil. [[causa]] τὸ ποιοῦν δέ γ' ἐστὶν οὐκ ἄλλο τι ἢ αἴ. lo que produce no es otra cosa que la causa</i> Pl.<i>Hp.Ma</i>.296e, cf. <i>Grg</i>.520e, <i>Prt</i>.352d, Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.982<sup>b</sup>2, τῆς μονῆς, τοῦ μένειν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[24] 43.16, 44.6, κινήσεως Ptol.<i>Iudic</i>.11.12, cf. Epicur.[3] 99.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>en Arist. identificado con las ἀρχαί Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1013<sup>a</sup>17, cf. 994<sup>a</sup>1, <i>Ph</i>.195<sup>a</sup>27-28, 257<sup>a</sup>30-31<br /><b class="num">•</b>distinct de σημεῖα, συμπτώματα Arist.<i>Diu.Som</i>.462<sup>b</sup>27, τὰ αἴτια γνωρίσωμεν τὰ πρῶτα Arist.<i>Ph</i>.185<sup>a</sup>13, cf. 195<sup>b</sup>22<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[principio causal]], [[principio]], [[motivo]] κατὰ δὲ τὸ ἴδιον χώρας καὶ ὅσων [[δήποτε]] αἰτίων οὐ πᾶσι συνέπεται τὸ αὐτὸ δίκαιον εἶναι (el derecho representa el bien común) pero en cuanto se refiere a la particularidad de una región y de motivos diferentes no conviene a todos el mismo derecho</i> Epicur.[5] 36.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>entre los estoicos [[lo causante]] identif. c. la divinidad y otros principios, Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.120, cf. 2.119.<br /><b class="num">2</b> τὰ Αἴτια [[Las Causas]], [[Los Orígenes]] o [[Los Principios]] poemas etiológicos, explicaciones de mitos, obra de Calímaco, A.R.<i>Fr</i>.13.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Cf. [[αἰτέω]], [[αἴνυμαι]].
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