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ἀφαίρεσις: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=εως, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[taking away]], [[carrying off]], [[removal]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>46c</span> (pl.); [[putting off]], τοῦ θνητοῦ <span class="bibl">Hierocl.<span class="title">in CA</span>27p.483M.</span>; opp. [[πρόσθεσις]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>13</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> as [[law]]-[[term]], [[assertion]] of [[freedom]] of a reputed [[slave]], <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[amputation]], Archig. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.47.13.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in Logic, [[abstraction]], <b class="b3">ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως, δι' ἀφαιρέσεως</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>299a16</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span>1142a18</span>; esp. τὰ ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως [[mathematics]], Id.<span class="title">AP</span>0.81b3, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>1061a29</span>, al.; opp. <b class="b3">ἐκ προσθέσεως</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">1077b9</span>; also τὰ ἐν ἀ. ὄντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">de An.</span>429b18</span>, al.:—Cicero jokes on this term, <span class="title">Att.</span>6.1.2. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Gramm., [[removal]] of [[initial]] [[letter]]s, as in [[σῦς]]/[[ὗς]], <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>1p.148H.</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>55.13</span>, al.; also of medial letters, ib.<span class="bibl">93.13</span>; of feet in verse, opp. [[πρόσθεσις]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 220 iii 3</span>.</span> | |Definition=εως, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[taking away]], [[carrying off]], [[removal]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>46c</span> (pl.); [[putting off]], τοῦ θνητοῦ <span class="bibl">Hierocl.<span class="title">in CA</span>27p.483M.</span>; opp. [[πρόσθεσις]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>13</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> as [[law]]-[[term]], [[assertion]] of [[freedom]] of a reputed [[slave]], <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[amputation]], Archig. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.47.13.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in Logic, [[abstraction]], <b class="b3">ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως, δι' ἀφαιρέσεως</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>299a16</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span>1142a18</span>; esp. τὰ ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως [[mathematics]], Id.<span class="title">AP</span>0.81b3, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>1061a29</span>, al.; opp. <b class="b3">ἐκ προσθέσεως</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">1077b9</span>; also τὰ ἐν ἀ. ὄντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">de An.</span>429b18</span>, al.:—Cicero jokes on this term, <span class="title">Att.</span>6.1.2. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Gramm., [[removal]] of [[initial]] [[letter]]s, as in [[σῦς]]/[[ὗς]], <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>1p.148H.</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>55.13</span>, al.; also of medial letters, ib.<span class="bibl">93.13</span>; of feet in verse, opp. [[πρόσθεσις]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 220 iii 3</span>.</span> | ||
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|dgtxt=-εως, ἡ<br /><b class="num">I</b> c. gen. o abs.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[acción de quitar]] τῶν δοθέντων ἀ. οὐκ ἔστι no es posible [[quitar]] lo que se ha dado</i> Pl.<i>Phlb</i>.19e, μερίδος καὶ δόσεως [[LXX]] <i>Si</i>.41.23, cf. <i>Nym.Kafizin</i> 266a, b, 269a (III a.C.), <i>T.Iob</i> 11<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[supresión]] como liberación de la materia, junto a [[κάθαρσις]]: ἐν δ' ἀφαιρέσει καὶ καθάρσει ἀνακύπτει ... ἡ μνήμη Plot.4.3.26, cf. Plu.2.431f, Porph.<i>Sent</i>.32, ἵνα κατὰ ἀφαίρεσιν τοῦ βροτοῦ καὶ θνητοῦ ἡ θεοποιΐα νοῆται Hierocl.<i>in CA</i> 27.5, como pérdida de algún bien [[ἐλευθερία]]ς Ph.1.40, de un [[imperio]], I.<i>BI</i> 1.4, δώρων Chrys.M.58.500, ὑπαρχόντων Gel.Cyz.<i>HE</i> 2.32.11<br /><b class="num">•</b>frec. en medic. [[extirpación]], [[ablación]] τῶν μερέων Hp.<i>Vict</i>.1.6, κονδυλώματος Hp.<i>Haem</i>.5, cf. <i>VC</i> 17, Archig. en Orib.47.13.4, Plu.2.1010e<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[extracción]] αἵματος e.e. [[sangría]] Hp.<i>Coac</i>.337, 481, Archig.9.5B., ἀ. τῶν ἐπιδεσμάτων levantamiento de los vendajes</i> Hp.<i>Medic</i>.3, πηγὰς ὑδάτων ... εἰς ... κόπων ἀφαίρεσιν εὐθέτους manantiales de aguas (termales) beneficiosos para quitar las tensiones musculares</i> D.S.2.57<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[confiscación]] χρημάτων Pl.<i>Cri</i>.46c, cf. I.<i>AI</i> 16.160<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[robo]], [[rapiña]] abs., Hp.<i>Decent</i>.5, τῶν ... τόπων [[LXX]] 3<i>Ma</i>.1.1, τῶν σκύλων Hld.1.33.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[rapto]] abs., op. [[εὕρεσις]] Men.<i>Epit</i>.319, τῆς κόρης Hld.2.24.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[derrocamiento]] τοῦ γεγεννηκότος I.<i>AI</i> 7.198.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[disminución]], [[reducción]], [[sustracción]] op. [[μείωσις]]: τῆς ὑπάρξεως Phld.<i>Oec</i>.p.68, muy frec. op. [[πρόσθεσις]]: en medic. ref. a la dieta ἰητρικὴ [[γάρ]] ἐστιν ἀ. καὶ [[πρόσθεσις]] Hp.<i>Flat</i>.1, ἀ. σιτίων καὶ ποτῶν Hp.<i>Acut</i>.38, cf. <i>Vict</i>.4.89, <i>Aff</i>.44, ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως <i>curare</i>, curar con un régimen de privación</i> Cic.<i>Att</i>.115.2<br /><b class="num">•</b>ref. a otras cosas [[disminución]] del tamaño de la luna, Hp.<i>Hebd</i>.1, Meth.<i>Arbitr</i>.2, τὸ [[ἄπειρον]] ἔστι μὲν προσθέσει, ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἀφαιρέσει el [[infinito]] es por [[adición]] y también por [[sustracción]]</i> Arist.<i>Ph</i>.206<sup>a</sup>15, τὰ ... μικρὰ ... συμβόλαια ἐπὶ τῶν καιρῶν προσθέσεις λαμβάνοντα καὶ ἀφαιρέσεις los pequeños acuerdos que aumentan o disminuyen según las circunstancias</i> Plu.<i>Lyc</i>.13, τῆς ... [[ἔνδον]] δυνάμεως ἀφαίρεσιν λαμβανούσης reduciéndose la [[fuerza]] [[interior]]</i> D.S.13.56, ἀ. τῶν μεγέθων de las flautas, Aristid.Quint.109.12, οὔτε ἀφαίρεσιν ἢ ἐλάττωσιν ταύτης (τῆς εὐδαιμονίας) Plot.1.4.14.<br /><b class="num">3</b> geom. [[deducción]] τὰ αἰσθητὰ σχήματα προσθέσεις καὶ ἀφαιρέσεις καὶ ἀλλοιώσεις τινὲς ἀπογεννῶσιν Procl.<i>in Euc</i>.139.14.<br /><b class="num">II</b> lóg., abs.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[abstracción]] δι' ἀφαιρέσεως op. [[ἐξ ἐμπειρίας]] Arist.<i>EN</i> 1142<sup>a</sup>18, τὰ ἐν ἀφαιρέσει ὄντα las abstracciones</i> Arist.<i>de An</i>.429<sup>b</sup>18, τῶν ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως οὐδενὸς οἷόν τ' εἶναι τὴν φυσικὴν θεωρητικήν es imposible que la ciencia natural se aplique a algunos de los productos de la [[abstracción]]</i> Arist.<i>PA</i> 641<sup>b</sup>11, διὰ τὸ τὰ μὲν ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως λέγεσθαι, τὰ μαθηματικά, τὰ δὲ φυσικὰ ἐκ προθέσεως porque se habla de seres matemáticos en virtud de una [[abstracción]], y de seres físicos en virtud de una [[adición]]</i> Arist.<i>Cael</i>.299<sup>a</sup>16, cf. <i>Metaph</i>.1077<sup>b</sup>10, τὰ ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως las matemáticas</i> Arist.<i>APo</i>.81<sup>b</sup>3, <i>Metaph</i>.1061<sup>a</sup>29<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[resta]], [[sustracción]] op. [[σύνθεσις]] Dioph.14.4.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[negación]] τὰ ... ἐν ἀφαιρέσει ... λεγόμενα las cosas dichas mediante negación</i> Plot.6.8.11, cf. Dion.Ar.<i>DN</i> M.3.640B, <i>octaua species definitionis est quam Graeci</i> κατὰ ἀφαίρεσιν τοῦ ἐναντίου <i>dicunt</i> Isid.<i>Etym</i>.2.29.9.<br /><b class="num">III</b> gram., abs. [[aféresis]] ἀ. δὲ ἐστι [[πάθος]] τὸ ἐν τῇ ἀρχῇ γινόμενον, οἷον σῦς ὗς Choerob.<i>in Theod</i>.p.148, cf. A.D.<i>Pron</i>.55.13<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[síncopa]] de sonidos intermedios, A.D.<i>Pron</i>.93.13<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[disminución]] de sílabas en un verso, op. [[πρόσθεσις]] anón. métr. en <i>POxy</i>.220.3.3, de elementos en una [[composición]] estilística, D.H.<i>Comp</i>.6, ἀφαιρέσεις op. [[προσθῆκαι]] en los [[κῶλα]], D.H.<i>Comp</i>.9.<br /><b class="num">IV</b> jur. [[derecho a quedarse con]] una determinada [[posesión]] en [[sustitución]] de un [[ausente]], Pl.<i>Lg</i>.914d<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[manumisión]] ἀ. ἰδίως λέγεται ἡ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν Hyp.<i>Fr</i>.23. | |||
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|btext=εως (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> action d'ôter, d'enlever ; <i>t. de math.</i> soustraction;<br /><b>2</b> <i>t. de logique</i> abstraction;<br /><b>3</b> <i>t. de gramm.</i> aphérèse, chute de la lettre initiale.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀφαιρέω]].<br /><i><b>Ant.</b></i> [[πρόσθεσις]]. | |btext=εως (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> action d'ôter, d'enlever ; <i>t. de math.</i> soustraction;<br /><b>2</b> <i>t. de logique</i> abstraction;<br /><b>3</b> <i>t. de gramm.</i> aphérèse, chute de la lettre initiale.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀφαιρέω]].<br /><i><b>Ant.</b></i> [[πρόσθεσις]]. | ||
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