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ἀρχός: Difference between revisions

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|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[leader]], [[chief]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Il.1.144</span>: c. gen., νηῶν <span class="bibl">2.493</span>; οἰωνῶν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.7</span>; [[ruler]], Τειχιούσσης <span class="title">SIG</span>3d (Milet., vi B. C.); [[πόλεως]] (opp. [[ἔτης]]), prob. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1014</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἄρχων]], <span class="title">IG</span>7.3301, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἀρχὸς ἑῴας]] = [[dux Orientis]], [[magister militum per Orientem]], ib.14.1073 (iv A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of a [[god]], <span class="title">SIG</span>56.26 (Argos, v B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> the [[rectum]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>5.58</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>507a33</span>, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>51. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> the [[anus]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>5.20</span>.</span>
|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[leader]], [[chief]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Il.1.144</span>: c. gen., νηῶν <span class="bibl">2.493</span>; οἰωνῶν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.7</span>; [[ruler]], Τειχιούσσης <span class="title">SIG</span>3d (Milet., vi B. C.); [[πόλεως]] (opp. [[ἔτης]]), prob. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1014</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἄρχων]], <span class="title">IG</span>7.3301, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἀρχὸς ἑῴας]] = [[dux Orientis]], [[magister militum per Orientem]], ib.14.1073 (iv A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of a [[god]], <span class="title">SIG</span>56.26 (Argos, v B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> the [[rectum]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>5.58</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>507a33</span>, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>51. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> the [[anus]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>5.20</span>.</span>
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{{DGE
|dgtxt=-οῦ, ὁ<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [dór. beoc. gen. ἀρχῶ <i>ICr</i>.4.250.3 (I a.C.), <i>IG</i> 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.)]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[jefe]], [[príncipe]], [[caudillo]] gener. c. gen. de gentilicios Σαρπηδών τ' ἀ. Λυκίων <i>Il</i>.14.426, Ἀθηναίων <i>Il</i>.13.196, 15.337, Ἀβάντων <i>Il</i>.4.464, Hes.<i>Fr</i>.204.53, cf. <i>Il</i>.5.39, 577, 2.846, 15.516, 519, 2.618, Ἀχαιῶν <i>Od</i>.4.496, Συρακοσίων de Hierón, Pi.<i>P</i>.1.73<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἀρχοὺς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω en el catálogo de las naves <i>Il</i>.2.493, de grupos o partidas ἐπικούρων <i>Il</i>.5.491, μνηστήρων <i>Od</i>.4.629, ἀρχὸς φηλητέων [[cabecilla]] de ladrones</i>, <i>h.Merc</i>.292<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. πόθεόν γε μὲν ἀρχόν <i>Il</i>.2.703, 726, cf. 234, ἀ. εὖ μαθὼν ἄκοντι Archil.191<i>bis</i>, cf. A.<i>A</i>.125<br /><b class="num">•</b>pred. [[εἷς]] δέ τις ἀ. ἀνὴρ [[βουληφόρος]] ἔστω <i>Il</i>.1.144, cf. 311, <i>Od</i>.4.653, 10.204, [[δώδεκα]] γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον ... βασιλῆες ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι <i>Od</i>.8.391<br /><b class="num">•</b>de dioses πῦρ πνεόντων ἀ. ἵππων de Helios, Pi.<i>O</i>.7.71, ἀρχὸν φίλον de Faetonte, E.<i>Fr</i>.239D., ἀ. Ὀλύμπου de Zeus, Nonn.<i>D</i>.7.119<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. de anim. ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν del [[águila]] príncipe de las aves, Pi.<i>P</i>.1.7, <i>I</i>.6.50<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. juego de palabras sobre [[ἀρχός]] II Epich.6.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[capitán]], [[patrón de nave]] ἀ. ναυτάων <i>Od</i>.8.162, ἀ. ἐν πρύμνᾳ de Jasón, Pi.<i>P</i>.4.194, abs. <i>h.Hom</i>.7.25, 51.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en las [[ciudad]] [[jefe]], [[magistrado]] c. cargo político importante ἀ. Τειχιόσης <i>Didyma</i> 6 (Mileto VI a.C.), ἀ. καὶ Ϝοικιάται <i>SEG</i> 26.449.6 (Epidauro V a.C.), cf. <i>CID</i> 1.9D.26 (Delfos IV a.C.), <i>IChS</i> 2.1 (Pafos IV a.C.), <i>IG</i> 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.), Κύδαντος κρητάρχα καὶ ἀρχῶ <i>ICr</i>.4.250.3 (I a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en el [[imperio]] [[romano]] tardío ἀρχὸς ἑώιας tal vez [[dux Orientis]]</i>, <i>IG</i> 14.1073 (IV d.C.).<br /><b class="num">II</b> [[culo]] καὶ τὸν ἀρχὸν ἐπικαλύψας ἐπιπλόῳ (c. juego de palabras sobre [[ἀρχός]] I 1) Epich.6<br /><b class="num">•</b>medic. y anat. [[intestino]], [[recto]] κύστις τε γὰρ καὶ γοναὶ καὶ ἀρχοῦ τὸ χαλαρὸν ἐν τούτῳ ἔκτισται en ese sitio se alojan (en la última [[curvatura]] de la [[espina]] [[dorsal]]) la [[vejiga]], los órganos de la generación y la parte elástica del [[recto]]</i> Hp.<i>Art</i>.45, cf. <i>Aph</i>.5.58, <i>Liqu</i>.6, <i>Theol.Ar</i>.51, Clem.Al.<i>Paed</i>.2.10.92<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ano]] τελευτῶσι δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀρχόν de ciertas venas, Hp.<i>Nat.Hom</i>.11, <i>Haem</i>.2, <i>Epid</i>.5.20, en la anat. animal πρὸς τὴν ἔξοδον τῆς τροφῆς καὶ τὸν καλούμενον ἀρχόν Arist.<i>HA</i> 507<sup>a</sup>33, cf. <i>PA</i> 675<sup>b</sup>10, <i>GA</i> 773<sup>a</sup>28, <i>Pr</i>.876<sup>b</sup>15.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> La forma [[ἀρχός]] ‘[[culo]]’ se ha rel. c. gr. [[ὄρρος]] de una raíz *<i>H3er</i>- y het. <i>arra</i>- ‘[[ano]]’ en cuyo caso no sería euf. de ‘[[jefe]]’.
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{{Slater
{{Slater
|sltr=[[ἀρχός]] [[leader]], [[ruler]] αἰετὸς ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν (P. 1.7) [[οἷα]] Συρακοσίων ἀρχῷ δαμασθέντες πάθον i. e. Hieron (P. 1.73) ἀρχὸς ἐν πρύμνᾳ [[Jason]] (P. 4.194) ἀρχοὶ δ' [[οὐκ]] ἔτ [[ἔσαν]] Ταλαοῦ παῖδες sc. [[τοῦ]] Ἄργους (N. 9.14) ἀρχὸν οἰωνῶν μέγαν αἰετόν (I. 6.50) ὁ [[γενέθλιος]] ἀκτίνων [[πατήρ]], [[πῦρ]] πνεόντων ἀρχὸς ἵππων [[master]] sc. Helios (O. 7.71)
|sltr=[[ἀρχός]] [[leader]], [[ruler]] αἰετὸς ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν (P. 1.7) [[οἷα]] Συρακοσίων ἀρχῷ δαμασθέντες πάθον i. e. Hieron (P. 1.73) ἀρχὸς ἐν πρύμνᾳ [[Jason]] (P. 4.194) ἀρχοὶ δ' [[οὐκ]] ἔτ [[ἔσαν]] Ταλαοῦ παῖδες sc. [[τοῦ]] Ἄργους (N. 9.14) ἀρχὸν οἰωνῶν μέγαν αἰετόν (I. 6.50) ὁ [[γενέθλιος]] ἀκτίνων [[πατήρ]], [[πῦρ]] πνεόντων ἀρχὸς ἵππων [[master]] sc. Helios (O. 7.71)
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{{DGE
|dgtxt=-οῦ, ὁ<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [dór. beoc. gen. ἀρχῶ <i>ICr</i>.4.250.3 (I a.C.), <i>IG</i> 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.)]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[jefe]], [[príncipe]], [[caudillo]] gener. c. gen. de gentilicios Σαρπηδών τ' ἀ. Λυκίων <i>Il</i>.14.426, Ἀθηναίων <i>Il</i>.13.196, 15.337, Ἀβάντων <i>Il</i>.4.464, Hes.<i>Fr</i>.204.53, cf. <i>Il</i>.5.39, 577, 2.846, 15.516, 519, 2.618, Ἀχαιῶν <i>Od</i>.4.496, Συρακοσίων de Hierón, Pi.<i>P</i>.1.73<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἀρχοὺς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω en el catálogo de las naves <i>Il</i>.2.493, de grupos o partidas ἐπικούρων <i>Il</i>.5.491, μνηστήρων <i>Od</i>.4.629, ἀρχὸς φηλητέων [[cabecilla]] de ladrones</i>, <i>h.Merc</i>.292<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. πόθεόν γε μὲν ἀρχόν <i>Il</i>.2.703, 726, cf. 234, ἀ. εὖ μαθὼν ἄκοντι Archil.191<i>bis</i>, cf. A.<i>A</i>.125<br /><b class="num">•</b>pred. [[εἷς]] δέ τις ἀ. ἀνὴρ [[βουληφόρος]] ἔστω <i>Il</i>.1.144, cf. 311, <i>Od</i>.4.653, 10.204, [[δώδεκα]] γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον ... βασιλῆες ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι <i>Od</i>.8.391<br /><b class="num">•</b>de dioses πῦρ πνεόντων ἀ. ἵππων de Helios, Pi.<i>O</i>.7.71, ἀρχὸν φίλον de Faetonte, E.<i>Fr</i>.239D., ἀ. Ὀλύμπου de Zeus, Nonn.<i>D</i>.7.119<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. de anim. ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν del [[águila]] príncipe de las aves, Pi.<i>P</i>.1.7, <i>I</i>.6.50<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. juego de palabras sobre [[ἀρχός]] II Epich.6.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[capitán]], [[patrón de nave]] ἀ. ναυτάων <i>Od</i>.8.162, ἀ. ἐν πρύμνᾳ de Jasón, Pi.<i>P</i>.4.194, abs. <i>h.Hom</i>.7.25, 51.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en las [[ciudad]] [[jefe]], [[magistrado]] c. cargo político importante ἀ. Τειχιόσης <i>Didyma</i> 6 (Mileto VI a.C.), ἀ. καὶ Ϝοικιάται <i>SEG</i> 26.449.6 (Epidauro V a.C.), cf. <i>CID</i> 1.9D.26 (Delfos IV a.C.), <i>IChS</i> 2.1 (Pafos IV a.C.), <i>IG</i> 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.), Κύδαντος κρητάρχα καὶ ἀρχῶ <i>ICr</i>.4.250.3 (I a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en el [[imperio]] [[romano]] tardío ἀρχὸς ἑώιας tal vez [[dux Orientis]]</i>, <i>IG</i> 14.1073 (IV d.C.).<br /><b class="num">II</b> [[culo]] καὶ τὸν ἀρχὸν ἐπικαλύψας ἐπιπλόῳ (c. juego de palabras sobre [[ἀρχός]] I 1) Epich.6<br /><b class="num">•</b>medic. y anat. [[intestino]], [[recto]] κύστις τε γὰρ καὶ γοναὶ καὶ ἀρχοῦ τὸ χαλαρὸν ἐν τούτῳ ἔκτισται en ese sitio se alojan (en la última [[curvatura]] de la [[espina]] [[dorsal]]) la [[vejiga]], los órganos de la generación y la parte elástica del [[recto]]</i> Hp.<i>Art</i>.45, cf. <i>Aph</i>.5.58, <i>Liqu</i>.6, <i>Theol.Ar</i>.51, Clem.Al.<i>Paed</i>.2.10.92<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ano]] τελευτῶσι δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀρχόν de ciertas venas, Hp.<i>Nat.Hom</i>.11, <i>Haem</i>.2, <i>Epid</i>.5.20, en la anat. animal πρὸς τὴν ἔξοδον τῆς τροφῆς καὶ τὸν καλούμενον ἀρχόν Arist.<i>HA</i> 507<sup>a</sup>33, cf. <i>PA</i> 675<sup>b</sup>10, <i>GA</i> 773<sup>a</sup>28, <i>Pr</i>.876<sup>b</sup>15.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> La forma [[ἀρχός]] ‘[[culo]]’ se ha rel. c. gr. [[ὄρρος]] de una raíz *<i>H3er</i>- y het. <i>arra</i>- ‘[[ano]]’ en cuyo caso no sería euf. de ‘[[jefe]]’.
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