3,274,919
edits
ἆρα: Difference between revisions
From LSJ
m
Text replacement - "(?s)({{LSJ.*}}\n)({{.*}}\n)({{DGE.*}}\n)" to "$1$3$2"
m (Text replacement - "l’" to "l'") |
m (Text replacement - "(?s)({{LSJ.*}}\n)({{.*}}\n)({{DGE.*}}\n)" to "$1$3$2") |
||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
|Beta Code=a)=ra | |Beta Code=a)=ra | ||
|Definition=interrog. Particle, implying<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[anxiety]] or [[impatience]], = Ep. and Lyr. [[ἦ ῥα]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> alone, it simply marks the question, the nature of which is determined by the context: e.g. in D.35.44 a [[negative]] answer is implied in the question [[ἆρ' ἂν οἴεσθε]] . .; but an [[affirmative]] in X.Cyr.4.6.4 ἆρα βέβληκα δὶς ἐφεξῆς; cf. ἆρ' εὐτυχεῖς . . ἢ δυστυχεῖς; E.Ph.424.—To make it plainly neg., we have [[ἆρα μή]] . .; A.Th.208, Pl.Phd.64c; and to make it plainly affirmative, [[ἆρ' οὐ]]; [[ἆρ' οὐχί]]; S. OC791, OT540; [[ἆρ' οὐχ οὕτως]]; Pl.Phlb.11d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἆρα οὖν]]; is used to draw an affirmative inference, Id.Grg.477a, La.190b; also when a neg. answer is expected, Id.Chrm.159b; with a neg., [[ἆρ' οὖν οὐ]] . .; Id.Phdr.263a, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in [[ἆρά γε]], each Particle retains its force, γε serving to make the question more definite, Ar.Pl.546, X.Mem.1.5.4, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> less freq. with [[τίς]] interrog., τίνος ποτ' ἆρ' ἔπραξε χειρί S.Aj.905; τίδ' ἆρ' ἐγὼ σέ; E.IA1228; τίς ἆρ' ὁ φεύγων; Ar.V.893; with [[ἤν]], E.Rh.118.<br><span class="bld">5</span> in indirect questions, σκεψώμεθα τοῦτο ἆρα… Pl.Phd.70e, cf. R.526c, al., Arist.Ph.204b3, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Poets sometimes like [[ἄρα]], Archil.86,89, Pi.P.4.78, Ar.V.3; τοιοῖσδε χρησμοῖς ἆρα χρὴ πεποιθέναι; A.Ch.297, cf.435; τῷ δὲ ξιφήρης ἆρ' ὑφειστήκει λόχος E. Andr.1114: in exclamations, βραδεῖαν ἡμᾶς ἆρ' ὁ τήνδε τὴν ὁδὸν πέμπων ἔπεμψεν S.Aj.738; ὀδυνηρὸς ἆρ' ὁ πλοῦτος E.Ph.566, cf.El.1229, Hipp.1086; ἦ δεινὸν ἆρ' ἦν Id.Fr.931; ἔμελλόν σ' ἆρα κινήσειν Ar.Nu. 1301, cf. Ach.347.<br><span class="bld">B</span> In Prose, [[ἆρα]] almost always stands first in the sentence, but cf. Pl.Grg.467e; καὶ ὑπὲρ τούτων ἆ. . . Jul.Or.2.61c: in Poetry greater licence is taken, v. supr. 1.4,''ΙΙ''. | |Definition=interrog. Particle, implying<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[anxiety]] or [[impatience]], = Ep. and Lyr. [[ἦ ῥα]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> alone, it simply marks the question, the nature of which is determined by the context: e.g. in D.35.44 a [[negative]] answer is implied in the question [[ἆρ' ἂν οἴεσθε]] . .; but an [[affirmative]] in X.Cyr.4.6.4 ἆρα βέβληκα δὶς ἐφεξῆς; cf. ἆρ' εὐτυχεῖς . . ἢ δυστυχεῖς; E.Ph.424.—To make it plainly neg., we have [[ἆρα μή]] . .; A.Th.208, Pl.Phd.64c; and to make it plainly affirmative, [[ἆρ' οὐ]]; [[ἆρ' οὐχί]]; S. OC791, OT540; [[ἆρ' οὐχ οὕτως]]; Pl.Phlb.11d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἆρα οὖν]]; is used to draw an affirmative inference, Id.Grg.477a, La.190b; also when a neg. answer is expected, Id.Chrm.159b; with a neg., [[ἆρ' οὖν οὐ]] . .; Id.Phdr.263a, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in [[ἆρά γε]], each Particle retains its force, γε serving to make the question more definite, Ar.Pl.546, X.Mem.1.5.4, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> less freq. with [[τίς]] interrog., τίνος ποτ' ἆρ' ἔπραξε χειρί S.Aj.905; τίδ' ἆρ' ἐγὼ σέ; E.IA1228; τίς ἆρ' ὁ φεύγων; Ar.V.893; with [[ἤν]], E.Rh.118.<br><span class="bld">5</span> in indirect questions, σκεψώμεθα τοῦτο ἆρα… Pl.Phd.70e, cf. R.526c, al., Arist.Ph.204b3, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Poets sometimes like [[ἄρα]], Archil.86,89, Pi.P.4.78, Ar.V.3; τοιοῖσδε χρησμοῖς ἆρα χρὴ πεποιθέναι; A.Ch.297, cf.435; τῷ δὲ ξιφήρης ἆρ' ὑφειστήκει λόχος E. Andr.1114: in exclamations, βραδεῖαν ἡμᾶς ἆρ' ὁ τήνδε τὴν ὁδὸν πέμπων ἔπεμψεν S.Aj.738; ὀδυνηρὸς ἆρ' ὁ πλοῦτος E.Ph.566, cf.El.1229, Hipp.1086; ἦ δεινὸν ἆρ' ἦν Id.Fr.931; ἔμελλόν σ' ἆρα κινήσειν Ar.Nu. 1301, cf. Ach.347.<br><span class="bld">B</span> In Prose, [[ἆρα]] almost always stands first in the sentence, but cf. Pl.Grg.467e; καὶ ὑπὲρ τούτων ἆ. . . Jul.Or.2.61c: in Poetry greater licence is taken, v. supr. 1.4,''ΙΙ''. | ||
}} | |||
{{DGE | |||
|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> en otros dial. frec. ἦρα Alcm.47, Sapph.107, Hp.<i>Prorrh</i>.1.121, Herod.4.21, acompañada por partíc. como γε, οὖν, δή, ἀλλ' [[ἆρα]], v. A.D.<i>Coni</i>.223.25, cf. [[ἄρα]]<br /><b class="num">I</b> partíc. interr. ¿[[acaso]]? o intraducible, simplemente para marcar la interrogación ἦρ' ἔτι παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι; ¿acaso aún deseo la doncellez?</i> Sapph.l.c., cf. Alc.383, Pi.<i>P</i>.9.37, ἔτ' ἆρ' Ἀθηνῶν ἔστ' [[ἀπόρθητος]] πόλις; A.<i>Pers</i>.348, ἆρ' ἔστιν; ἆρ' οὐκ ἔστιν; S.<i>OC</i> 316, cf. E.<i>El</i>.229, <i>Ph</i>.424, [[ἆρα]] καταγελάσεσθέ μου ὡς μεθύοντος; Pl.<i>Smp</i>.212e, cf. [[ἦρά]] τις ...; B.5.165, ἦρ' ἐσθ' ὕδωρ; Sophr.165, cf. Call.<i>Fr</i>.228.51, ἆρά τις ἡμῖν ἔτι λοιπός ἐστι νόμος; D.23.82, cf. 35.44, <i>A.Al</i>.11B.4.7, [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.37.10, ἆ. εὑρήσει τὴν πίστιν; <i>Eu.Luc</i>.18.8, cf. Max.Tyr.8.6<br /><b class="num">•</b>en preguntas que expresan hipótesis cien. [[ἆρα]] ἐκ τουτέων κωματώδεες ... ἐπιγίνονται; Hp.<i>Prorrh</i>.1.117, ἆρά γε καὶ παρακρουστικὸν τὸ τοιοῦτον; Hp.<i>Prorrh</i>.1.120, cf. 121<br /><b class="num">•</b>frec. c. pron. interr. [[pues]] τίς [[ἆρα]] [[δαίμων]] καὶ τέου χολούμενος; Archil.23, cf. S.<i>Ai</i>.905, E.<i>Tr</i>.247, Ar.<i>Pax</i> 1240, τίς ἦρα ...; Herod.4.21, ἄλλα τίς [[ἆρα]] ...; <i>AP</i> 11.26 (Marc.Argent)<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἆρ' ἑτέρου τίνος μάρτυρος δεησόμεθα ...; Iul.<i>Or</i>.3.61c<br /><b class="num">•</b>acompañando a adv. de negación c. μή: ὁ ναύτης [[ἆρα]] μὴ 'ς πρῷραν φυγὼν ... ηὗρε μηχανὴν σωτηρίας; ¿acaso el marinero, cuando huye hacia la proa, encuentra la maniobra salvadora?</i> A.<i>Th</i>.208, cf. S.<i>El</i>.446, <i>Ant</i>.632, ἆρά γε μὴ ἐμοῦ προμηθῇ; ¿acaso te preocupas por mí...?</i> Pl.<i>Cri</i>.44e, cf. <i>Phd</i>.64c, <i>Chrm</i>.174a, X.<i>Mem</i>.2.6.34<br /><b class="num">•</b>seguida de οὔ ¿[[acaso no...]]? ἆρ' οὐκ ἄμεινον ...; S.<i>OC</i> 791, cf. Ar.<i>V</i>.620, Pl.<i>Grg</i>.453c, <i>Phlb</i>.11d, Lys.26.13, D.19.130<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἦρ' οὐχὶ ...; Herod.5.14<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. interr. indirectas [[si]] τοῦτο οὖν σκεψώμεθα [[ἆρα]] ἀναγκαῖον ... ἔστι Pl.<i>Phd</i>.70e, cf. <i>R</i>.526c, etc., Arist.<i>Ph</i>.204<sup>b</sup>3<br /><b class="num">•</b>acompañando a condicionales ἢν [[ἆρα]] μὴ ...; ¿... si no es ...?</i> E.<i>Rh</i>.118.<br /><b class="num">II</b> no interr. (cf. [[ἄρα]] A)<br /><b class="num">1</b> subrayando un hecho sorprendente ἦρα τὸν Φοῖβον ὄνειρον [[εἶδον]] en verdad, vi a Apolo en un sueño</i> Alcm.47<br /><b class="num">•</b>subrayando persona, animal o cosa ante un hecho de sorpresa o desilusión ἰοῦ βραδεῖαν ἡμᾶς ἆρ' ὁ τήνδε τὴν ὁδὸν πέμπων ἔπεμψεν ¡ay, ay, tarde me envió, en verdad, quien me envió a este viaje!</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.738<br /><b class="num">•</b>en rel. c. la expectativa τῷ δ' ἆρ' [[ἀλώπηξ]] κερδαλέη συνήντετο con éste, de veras, se encontró la zorra logrera</i> Archil.77.5, ὁ δ' ἦρα χρόνῳ ἵκετ' Pi.<i>P</i>.4.78, cf. S.<i>OC</i> 408, 409, E.<i>Cyc</i>.638<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. μέλλω: ἔμελλον σ' [[ἆρα]] κινήσειν [[ἐγώ]] Ar.<i>Nu</i>.1301.<br /><b class="num">2</b> recogiendo una respuesta o conclusión [[así pues]] [[ἀνήρ]] τοι δειλὸς ἆρ' ἐφαινόμην Archil.123.12, ὡς ἆρ' [[ἀλώπηξ]] καἰετὸς ξυνωνίην ἔμειξαν Archil.27, cf. Pi.<i>O</i>.8.46, <i>I</i>.6.55, <i>N</i>.5.30, S.<i>Ph</i>.106<br /><b class="num">•</b>en comparaciones, Achae.34.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>en frases o γνῶμαι conocidas μέγιστον ἆρ' ἦν ἡ φύσις E.<i>Fr</i>.810, ἆρ' ἐστὶ πάντων [[ἀγρυπνία]] λαλίστατον Men.<i>Fr</i>.152.1, cf. Diph.99. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{pape | {{pape | ||
| Line 18: | Line 21: | ||
{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
|sltr=[[ἆρα]] v. [[ἦρα]] (O. 8.46), (P. 4.78), (N. 5.30), (I. 6.55), (I. 8.59) | |sltr=[[ἆρα]] v. [[ἦρα]] (O. 8.46), (P. 4.78), (N. 5.30), (I. 6.55), (I. 8.59) | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Abbott | {{Abbott | ||
