ἐκ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=before a vowel ἐξ, also <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἐξ τῳ ϝοίκῳ <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span> 135.5 H., in Att. Inscrr. before <b class="b3">ς ξ ζ ρ</b> and less freq. λ; <b class="b3">ἐγ-</b> in Inscrr. before <b class="b3">β γ δ λ μ ν;</b> Cret. and Boeot. ἐς <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>2.49, Corinn.<span class="title">Supp.</span>2.67; [[ἐχ]] freq. in Att. Inscrr. before <b class="b3">χ φ θ</b> (and in early Inscrr. before ς, <span class="title">IG</span>12.304.20); also <b class="b3">ἐ Ναυπάκτω</b> ib.9(1).334.8 (Locr.); ([[ἐτ]] is for [[ἐπὶ]] in ib 9(2).517.14 (Thess.)):—Prep. governing GEN. only (exc. in Cypr. and Arc., c. dat., <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.5 H. (Idalium), (in form [[ἐς]]) <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).6.49 (Tegea, iv B.C.)):—radical sense, [[from out of]], freq. also simply, [[from]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> OF PLACE, the most freq. usage, variously modified: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of Motion, [[out of]], [[forth from]], ἐκ Πύλου ἐλθὼν τηλόθεν ἐξ ἀπίης γαίης <span class="bibl">Il.1.269</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>321c</span>, etc.; μάχης ἔκ <span class="bibl">Il.17.207</span>; ἂψ ἐκ δυσμενέων ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">24.288</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὀχέων, ἐξ ἕδρης</b>, <span class="bibl">3.29</span>, <span class="bibl">19.77</span>; φεύγειν ἐκ πολέμοιο <span class="bibl">7.119</span>; ἐκ τῶν πολεμίων ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.2.9</span>; ἐκ χειρῶν γέρας εἵλετο <span class="bibl">Il.9.344</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1287</span> (but <b class="b3">ἐκ χειρὸς βάλλειν</b> or [[παίειν]] to strike with a spear [[in]] the hand, opp. [[ἀντιτοξεύειν]] or [[ἀκοντίζειν]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.3.15</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.3.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ χειρὸς τὴν μάχην ποιεῖσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">6.2.16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.3.24</span>, etc.); <b class="b3">ἐκ χρυσῶν φιαλῶν πίνειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.3.3</span>; ἐξ ἀγορᾶς ὠνεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.190</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἐκ θυμοῦ φίλεον</b> I loved her [[from]] my heart, [[with all]] my heart, <span class="bibl">Il.9.343</span>; ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀσπάσασθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>10.4</span>; μέγαν ἐκ θυμοῦ κλάζοντες Ἄρη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>48</span> (anap.); δακρυχέων ἐκ φρενός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>919</span> (anap.); οὐδὲν ἐκ σαυτῆς λέγεις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>344</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ εὐμενῶν στέρνων δέχεσθαι</b> receive [[with]] kindly heart, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>486</span>; ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀρθῶν δὲ κἀξ ὀρθῆς φρενός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>528</span>; <b class="b3">ὀρθὸς ἐξ ὀρθῶν δίφρων</b> [[with]] chariot still upright, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>742</span>; ἐξ ἀκινήτου ποδός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>875</span>; ἐξ ἑνὸς ποδός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>91</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> to denote change or succession, freq. with an antithetic repetition of the same word, <b class="b3">δέχεται κακὸν ἐκ κακοῦ</b> one evil comes [[from]] (or [[after]]) another, <span class="bibl">Il.19.290</span>; ἐκ φόβου φόβον τρέφω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>28</span>; <b class="b3">πόλιν ἐκ πόλεως ἀμείβειν, ἀλλάττειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Sph.</span>224b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>289e</span>; λόγον ἐκ λόγου λέγειν <span class="bibl">D.18.313</span>; πόρους ἐκ πόρων ὑπισχνούμενοι <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.8</span>; ἀπαλλάττειν τινὰ ἐκ γόων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>291</span>; ἐκ κακῶν πεφευγέναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>437</span>: hence, [[instead of]], τυφλὸς ἐκ δεδορκότος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>454</span>; λευκὴν..ἐκ μελαίνης ἀμφιβάλλομαι τρίχα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1093</span>; ἐλεύθερος ἐκ δούλου καὶ πλούσιος ἐκ πτωχοῦ γεγονώς <span class="bibl">D.18.131</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>7.7.28</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> to express separation or distinction [[from]] a number, <b class="b3">ἐκ πολέων πίσυρες</b> four [[out of]] many, <span class="bibl">Il.15.680</span>; μοῦνος ἐξ ἁπάντων σωθῆναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.87</span>; <b class="b3">εἶναι ἐκ τῶν δυναμένων</b> to be [[one of]] the wealthy, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>525e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ ἐκ πασέων Ζεὺς ἄλγε' ἔδωκεν</b> to me [[out of]] (i.e. [[above]]) all, <span class="bibl">Il. 18.431</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">432</span>; ἐκ πάντων μάλιστα <span class="bibl">4.96</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 1137</span> (lyr.), etc.; redundant, εἷς τῶν ἐκ τῶν φίλων σου <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jd.</span>15.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of Position, [[outside of]], [[beyond]], chiefly in early writers, <b class="b3">ἐκ βελέων</b> [[out of]] shot, <span class="bibl">Il.14.130</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ καπνοῦ</b> [[out of]] the smoke, <span class="bibl">Od.19.7</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ πατρίδος</b> [[banished from]] one's country, <span class="bibl">15.272</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ μεσου</b> [[κατῆστο]] sate down [[apart from]] the company, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.83</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ἠθέων τὸν ἥλιον ἀνατεῖλαι</b> [[out of]] its accustomed quarters, <span class="bibl">Id.2.142</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν</b> [[out of]] sight, <span class="bibl">Id.5.24</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὁδοῦ</b> [[out of]] the road, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> with Verbs of Rest, where previous motion is implied, [[on]], [[in]], <b class="b3">δαῖέ οἱ ἐκ κόρυθος..πῦρ</b> lighted a fire [[from]] (i.e. [[on]]) his helmet, <span class="bibl">Il.5.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ ποταμοῦ χρόα νίζετο</b> washed his body [[in]] the river ([[with water from]] the river), <span class="bibl">Od.6.224</span>: freq. with Verbs signifying hang or fasten, <b class="b3">σειρήν..ἐξ οὐρανόθεν κρεμάσαντες</b> having hung a chain [[from]] heaven, <span class="bibl">Il.8.19</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ πασσαλόφι κρέμασεν φόρμιγγα</b> he hung his lyre [[from]] (i.e. [[on]]) the peg, <span class="bibl">Od.8.67</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνάπτεσθαι ἔκ τινος</b> fasten [[from]] i.e. [[upon]]) a thing, <span class="bibl">12.51</span>; μαχαίρας εἶχον ἐξ ἀργυρέων τελαμώνων <span class="bibl">Il.18.598</span>; <b class="b3">πρισθεὶς ἐξ ἀντύγων</b> gripped [[to]] the chariot-rail, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1030</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ βραχίονος ἵππον ἐπέλκουσα</b> leading it [by a rein] [[upon]] her arm, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.12</span>: with Verbs signifying hold, lead, <b class="b3">ἐξ ἐκείνων ἔχειν τὰς ἐλπίδας</b> to have their hopes [[dependent upon]] them, <span class="bibl">Th.1.84</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ χειρὸς ἄγειν</b> lead [[by]] the hand, <span class="bibl">Bion <span class="title">Fr.</span>7.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ ποδὸς ἕπεσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">6.2</span>; ἐκ τῆς οὐρᾶς λαμβάνεσθαι <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>23</span>: with the Art. indicating the place of origin, <b class="b3">οἱ ἐκ τῶν νήσων κακοῦργοι</b> the robbers [[of]] the islands, <span class="bibl">Th.1.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">13</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς ἐκ τῆς ναυμαχίας</b> those [[in]] the sea-fight, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>32b</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς ἐκ τῶν σκηνῶν</b> those [[in]] the tents, <span class="bibl">D.18.169</span>; ἁρπασόμενοι τὰ ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.5</span>; οἱ ἐκ τοῦ πεδίου ἔθεον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span> 4.6.25</span>: even with Verbs of sitting or standing, <b class="b3">εἰσεῖδε στᾶσ' ἐξ Οὐλύμποιο</b> [[from]] Olympus where she stood, <span class="bibl">Il.14.154</span>; <b class="b3">καθῆσθαι ἐκ πάγων</b> to sit [[on]] the heights and look [[from]] them, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>411</span>; στὰς ἐξ ἐπάλξεων ἄκρων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1009</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ βυθοῦ</b> [[at]] the bottom, <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.40</span>: phrases, <b class="b3">ἐκ δεξιᾶς, ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς</b>, [[on]] the right, left, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.10</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐξ ἐναντίας, οἱ ἐκ πλαγίοὐ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.1.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ θαλάσσης</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐκ τῆς μεσογείας</b>, <span class="bibl">D.18.301</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">νικᾶν ἔκ τινος</b> win a victory <b class="b2">over.</b>., Apoc.15.2. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> OF TIME, elliptic with Pron. relat. and demonstr., <b class="b3">ἐξ οὗ</b> ([[χρόνου]]) [[since]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.27</span>, etc.; in apod., <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ</b> [[from]] that time, <span class="bibl">Il.8.296</span>; ἐκ τούτου <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.8.15</span>, etc. (but <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῖο</b> there[[after]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.493</span>, and <b class="b3">ἐκ τούτων</b> or <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶνδε</b> usually [[after]] this, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.9.4</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>235</span>); ἐξ ἐκείνου <span class="bibl">Th.2.15</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ πολλοῦ</b> (sc. [[χρόνου]]) [[for]] a long time, <span class="bibl">Id.1.68</span>, etc.; ἐκ πλέονος χρόνου <span class="bibl">Id.8.45</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ πλείστου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">68</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὀλίγου</b> [[at]] short notice, <span class="bibl">Id.2.11</span> (but also a short time [[since]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Caes.</span>28</span>); ἐκ παλαιοῦ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.5.8</span>; ἐκ παλαιτάτου <span class="bibl">Th.1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of particular points of time, ἐκ νεότητος..ἐς γῆρας <span class="bibl">Il.14.86</span>; ἐκ γενετῆς <span class="bibl">24.535</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ νέου, ἐκ παιδός</b>, [[from]] boyhood, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>510d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>374c</span>, etc.; ἐκ μικροῦ παιδαρίου <span class="bibl">D.53.19</span>; ἐξ ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>284</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">καύματος ἔξ</b> [[after]] hot weather, <span class="bibl">Il.5.865</span>; <b class="b3">νέφος ἔρχεται οὐρανὸν εἴσω αἰθέρος ἐκ δίης</b> [[after]] clear weather, <span class="bibl">16.365</span>; ἐκ δὲ αἰθρίης καὶ νηνεμίης συνδραμεῖν ἐξαπίνης νέφεα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.87</span>; so (like [[ἀπό]] II) <b class="b3">ἐκ τῆς θυσίης γενέσθαι</b> to have [[just finished]] sacrifice, ib.<span class="bibl">50</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ ἀρίστου</b> [[after]] breakfast, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.6.21</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ εἰρήνης πολεμεῖν</b> to go to war [[after]] peace, <span class="bibl">Th. 1.120</span>; γελάσαι ἐκ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν δακρύων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.28</span>; κάλλιστον ἦμαρ εἰσιδεῖν ἐκ χείματος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>900</span>; τὴν θάλασσαν ἐκ Διονυσίων πλόϊμον εἶναι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>3.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ χειμῶνος</b> [[at the end of]] winter, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Nic.</span>20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[at]], [[in]], ἐκ νυκτῶν <span class="bibl">Od.12.286</span>; ἐκ νυκτός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.2</span>, etc.; ἐξ ἡμέρας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>780</span>; ἐκ μέσω ἄματος <span class="bibl">Theoc.10.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ λοιποῦ</b> or <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν λοιπῶν</b> [[for]] the future, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>4.56</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>709e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> OF ORIGIN, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of Material, [[out of]] or [[of]] which things are made, γίγνεταί τι ἔκ τινος <span class="bibl">Parm.8.12</span>; ποιέεσθαι ἐκ ξύλων τὰ πλοῖα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.194</span>; πίνοντας ἐκ κριθῶν μέθυ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>953</span>; εἶναι ἐξ ἀδάμαντος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 616c</span>; ἐκ λευκῶ ἐλέφαντος αἰετοί <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.123</span>; στράτευμα ἀλκιμώτατον ἂν γένοιτο ἐκ παιδικῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>8.32</span>; <b class="b3">συνετάττετο ἐκ τῶν ἔτι προσιόντων</b> formed line of battle [[from]] the troops as they marched up, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of Parentage, <b class="b3">ἔκ τινος εἶναι, γενέσθαι</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Il. 20.106</span>,<span class="bibl">6.206</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ γὰρ ἐμεῦ γένος ἐσσί</b> (where [[γένος]] is acc. abs.) <span class="bibl">5.896</span>; σῆς ἐξ αἵματός εἰσι γενέθλης <span class="bibl">19.111</span>; ὦ παῖ πατρὸς ἐξ Ἀχιλλέως <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>260</span>; πίρωμις ἐκ πιρώμιος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.143</span>; ἀγαθοὶ καὶ ἐξ ἀγαθῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246a</span>; τὸν ἐξ ἐμῆς μητρός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>466</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of [[place]] of Origin or Birth, ἐκ Σιδῶνος..εὔχομαι εἶναι <span class="bibl">Od.15.425</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.25</span>, etc.; ἐκ τῶν ἄνω εἰμί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>8.23</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐξ Ἀρείου πάγου βουλή</b> the Areopagus, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>4.4</span>, etc.; οἱ ἐκ τῆς διατριβῆς ταύτης <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.54</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐκ τοῦ Περιπάτου</b> the Peripatetics, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Pisc.</span>43</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐξ Ἀκαδημείας</b> the Academic, <span class="bibl">Ath.1.34b</span>; οἱ ἐκ πίστεως <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>3.7</span>; οἱ ἐξ ἐριθείας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>2.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of the Author or Occasion of a thing, <b class="b3">ὄναρ, τιμὴ ἐκ Διός ἐστιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.63</span>,<span class="bibl">2.197</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.1.33</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>707</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">θάνατος ἐκ μνηστήρων</b> death [[by the hand of]] the suitors, <span class="bibl">Od.16.447</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐξ Ἑλλήνων τείχεα</b> walls [[built by]] them, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.148</span>; <b class="b3">κίνημα ἐξ αὑτοῦ</b> [[spontaneous]] motion, <span class="bibl">Plot.6.1.21</span>; ὕμνος ἐξ Ἐρινύων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>331</span> (lyr.); ἡ ἐξ ἐμοῦ δυσβουλία <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>95</span>; ὁ ἐξ ἐμοῦ πόθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>631</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> with the agent after Pass. Verbs, [[by]], Poet. and early Prose, <b class="b3">ἐφίληθεν ἐκ Διός</b> they were beloved [[of]] (i.e. [[by]]) Zeus, <span class="bibl">Il.2.669</span>; <b class="b3">κήδε' ἐφῆπται ἐκ Διός</b> ib. <span class="bibl">70</span>; προδεδόσθαι ἐκ Πρηξάσπεος <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.62</span>; τὰ λεχθέντα ἐξ Ἀλεξάνδρου <span class="bibl">Id.7.175</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>124</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>93</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.69</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>47b</span>; ἐξ ἁπάντων ἀμφισβητήσεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>171b</span>; ὁμολογουμένους ἐκ πάντων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.6.1</span>; τὰς ἐκ θεῶν τύχας δοθείσας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1316</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>204c</span>: with neut. Verbs, ἐκ..πατρὸς κακὰ πείσομαι <span class="bibl">Od.2.134</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>759</span>; τλῆναί τι ἔκ τινος <span class="bibl">Il.5.384</span>; θνήσκειν ἔκ τινος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>579</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>854</span>, etc.; τὰ γενόμενα ἐξ ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> of Cause, Instrument, or Means [[by]] which a thing is done, <b class="b3">ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος</b> [[in consequence]] of our fathers' friendship, <span class="bibl">Od.15.197</span>; μήνιος ἐξ ὀλοῆς <span class="bibl">3.135</span>; ἐξ ἔριδος <span class="bibl">Il. 7.111</span>; τελευτῆσαι ἐκ τοῦ τρώματος <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.29</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τίνος λόγου</b>; <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Andr.</span>548</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ</b>; <b class="b2">wherefore?</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hel.</span>93</span>; λέξον ἐκ τίνος ἐπλήγης <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>5.8.4</span>; <b class="b3">ποιεῖτε ὑμῖν φίλους ἐκ τοῦ Μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας</b> make yourselves friends [[of]] (i.e. [[by means of]]).., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>16.9</span>; ζῆν ἔκ τινος <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>3.2.11</span> codd.; ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων τρέφειν ἐμαυτόν <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.152</span>; ἐκ τόξων ἀνύσαι γαστρὶ φορβάν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>710</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[in accordance with]], <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν</b> λογίων <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.64</span>; ὁ ἐκ τῶν νόμων χρόνος <span class="bibl">D.24.28</span>; ἐκ κελεύματος <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>397</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sophr.25</span>; ἐκ τῶν ξυγκειμένων <span class="bibl">Th.5.25</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν παρόντων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">40</span>, etc.; ἐκ τῶν ἔργων κρινόμενοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>485</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> freq. as periphr. for Adv., ἐκ προνοίας <span class="title">IG</span>12.115.11; <b class="b3">ἐκ βίας</b> [[by]] force, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>563</span>; ἐκ δόλου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>279</span>; ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου ζητεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>499a</span>: esp. with neut. Adjs., <b class="b3">ἐξ ἀγχιμόλοιο</b>, = [[ἀγχίμολον]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.352</span>; ἐκ τοῦ ἐμφανέος <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.150</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ, ἐκ τοῦ προφανοῦς</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.106</span>, <span class="bibl">6.73</span>; ἐκ προδήλου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1429</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ἴσου, ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>485</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.3</span>; ἐξ ἀέλπτου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.111</span>, etc.: with fem. Adj., ἐκ τῆς ἰθέης <span class="bibl">Id.3.127</span>; ἐκ νέης <span class="bibl">Id.5.116</span>; ἐξ ὑστέρης <span class="bibl">Id.6.85</span>; ἐκ τῆς ἀντίης <span class="bibl">Id.8.6</span>; ἐκ καινῆς <span class="bibl">Th.3.92</span>; ἐξ ἑκουσίας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>727</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ ταχείας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">395</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> of Number or Measurement, with numerals, <b class="b3">ἐκ τρίτων</b> [[in]] the third [[place]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1178</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>500a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>213b</span>; distributively, [[apiece]], <span class="bibl">Ath.15.671b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of Price, ἐξ ὀκτὼ ὀβολῶν <span class="title">SIG</span>2587.206; <b class="b3">ἐκ τριῶν δραχμῶν</b> ib.283; συμφωνήσας ἐκ δηναρίου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>20.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of Weight, ἐπιπέμματα ἐξ ἡμιχοινικίου <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span>362 (iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> of Space, <b class="b3">θινώδης ὢν ὁ τόπος ἐξ εἴκοσι σταδίων</b> [[by the space of]] twenty stades, <span class="bibl">Str.8.3.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> [[ἐκ]] is freq. separated from its CASE, <span class="bibl">Il.11.109</span>, etc.—It takes an accent in anastrophe, <span class="bibl">14.472</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.518</span>.—Ep. use it with Advbs. in <b class="b3">-θεν, ἐξ οὐρανόθεν, ἐξ ἁλόθεν, ἐξ Αἰσύμηθεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.17.548</span>, <span class="bibl">21.335</span>, <span class="bibl">8.304</span>; ἐκ Διόθεν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>765</span>; ἐκ πρῴρηθεν <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.11</span>.—It is combined with other Preps. to make the sense more definite, as [[διέκ]], [[παρέκ]], [[ὑπέκ]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">C</span> IN COMPOS. the sense of [[removal]] prevails; [[out]], [[away]], [[off]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to express [[completion]], like our [[utterly]], <b class="b3">ἐκπέρθω, ἐξαλαπάζω, ἐκβαρβαρόω, ἐκδιδάσκω, ἐκδιψάω, ἐκδωριεύομαι, ἐξοπλίζω, ἐξομματόω, ἔκλευκος, ἔκπικρος</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">D</span> As ADVERB, [[therefrom]], <span class="bibl">Il.18.480</span>.</span>

|mdlsjtxt=[ἐξ [[before]] a vowel, ἐγ [[before]] β γ δ λ μ]<br />prep. governing GEN. only, Lat. e, exRadical [[sense]], from out of, opp. to εἰς:<br />[[Perseus]]. out of, from. c. gen.<br /><b class="num">I.</b> OF PLACE:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of Motion, out of, [[forth]] from, Hom., etc.: ἐκ θυμοῦ φίλεον I [[loved]] her from my [[heart]], with all my [[heart]], Il.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[denote]] [[change]] from one [[place]] or [[condition]] to [[another]], κακὸν ἐκ κακοῦ one [[evil]] from (or [[after]]) [[another]], Il.; λόγον ἐκ λόγου λέγειν Dem.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to [[express]] [[distinction]] from a [[number]], ἐκ [[πόλεων]] [[πίσυρες]] [[four]] out of [[many]], Il.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> of Position, like ἔξω, [[outside]] of, [[beyond]], ἐκ βελέων out of [[shot]], Il.; ἐκ καπνοῦ out of the [[smoke]], Od.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> with Verbs of Rest, ἐκ ποταμοῦ [[χρόα]] νίζετο washed his [[body]] with [[water]] from the [[river]], Od.:—with Verbs signifying to [[hang]] or [[fasten]], ἐκ [[πασσαλόφι]] κρέμασεν φόρμιγγα he hung his [[lyre]] from (i. e. on) the peg, Od.; ἐκ τοῦ βραχίονος ἐπέλκουσα [[leading]] it [by a [[rein]] [[upon]] her arm, Hdt.:—also, [[sitting]] or [[standing]], στᾶσ' ἐξ Οὐλύμποιο from [[Olympus]] [[where]] she stood, Il.; [[καθῆσθαι]] ἐκ πάγων to sit on the heights and [[look]] from them, Soph.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> OF TIME, ἐξ οὗ or ἐξ [[οὗτε]] [χρόνου], Lat. ex quo, [[since]], Hom., [[attic]]; ἐκ τοῦ or ἐκ [[τοῖο]] from that [[time]], Il.; ἐκ [[πολλοῦ]] (sc. χρόνοὐ for a [[long]] [[time]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of [[particular]] points of [[time]], ἐκ νέου or ἐκ παιδός from [[boyhood]]; ἐξ ἀρχῆς, etc.; so, ἐκ θυσίας [[γενέσθαι]] to [[have]] [[just]] [[finished]] [[sacrifice]], Hdt.; ἐκ τοῦ ἀρίστου [[after]] [[breakfast]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[when]] we say in or by, ἐκ νυκτῶν Od.; ἐκ νυκτός Xen., etc.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> OF ORIGIN,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of the Material, out of or of [[which]] things are made, ποιεῖσθαι ἐκ ξύλων τὰ πλοῖα Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of the Father, ἔκ τινος [[εἶναι]], [[γενέσθαι]], [[φῦναι]], etc., Il.; ἀγαθοὶ καὶ ἐξ ἀγαθῶν Plat.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> of the Author or Occasion of a [[thing]], [[ὄναρ]] ἐκ [[Διός]] ἐστιν Il.; [[θάνατος]] ἐκ μνηστήρων [[death]] by the [[hand]] of the suitors, Od.; τὰ ἐξ Ἑλλήνων τείχεα walls built by them, Hdt.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> with the [[agent]] [[after]] Pass. Verbs, [[where]] ὑπό is [[more]] [[common]], [[ἐφίληθεν]] ἐκ [[Διός]] they were [[beloved]] of (i. e. by) [[Zeus]], Il.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> of the Cause, Instrument or Means by [[which]] a [[thing]] is done, ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος in [[consequence]] of our [[father]]'s [[friendship]], Od.; so, ἐκ τίνος; ἐκ τοῦ; [[wherefore]]? Eur.; ποιεῖτε [[ὑμῖν]] φίλους ἐκ τοῦ Μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας make yourselves friends of (i. e. by [[means]] of), NTest.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> from, i. e. according to, ἐκ τῶν λογίων according to the oracles, Hdt.; ἐκ νόμων Aesch.<br /><b class="num">7.</b> periphr. for an adv., (as in Lat. ex [[consulto]], ex [[composito]]), ἐκ βίας by [[force]], = [[βιαίως]], Soph.; ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ = [[φανερῶς]], Thuc., etc.<br /><b class="num">8.</b> with numerals, ἐκ τρίτου in the [[third]] [[place]], Eur.