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ἀλαβάρχης: Difference between revisions
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|mltxt=[[ἀλαβάρχης]] και [[ἀλάβαρχος]], ο (Α)<br /><b>1.</b> [[υπάλληλος]] της Ρωμαϊκής αυτοκρατορίας που, από μαρτυρίες αρχαίων συγγραφέων και από επιγραφές, γνωρίζουμε ότι υπήρχε στην Αλεξάνδρεια, τη [[Λυκία]] και την Εύβοια<br /><b>2.</b> ο [[μέγιστος]] [[άρχοντας]], ο [[ανώτατος]] [[αξιωματούχος]] τών Ιουδαίων στην Αλεξάνδρεια (αλλ. [[αραβάρχης]]).<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>ἀραβάρχης</i>, με [[ανομοίωση]] του ρ σε λ.<br /><b><span style="color: brown;">ΠΑΡ.</span></b> <b>αρχ.</b> [[ἀλαβαρχία]], [[ἀλαβαρχῶ]]]. | |mltxt=[[ἀλαβάρχης]] και [[ἀλάβαρχος]], ο (Α)<br /><b>1.</b> [[υπάλληλος]] της Ρωμαϊκής αυτοκρατορίας που, από μαρτυρίες αρχαίων συγγραφέων και από επιγραφές, γνωρίζουμε ότι υπήρχε στην Αλεξάνδρεια, τη [[Λυκία]] και την Εύβοια<br /><b>2.</b> ο [[μέγιστος]] [[άρχοντας]], ο [[ανώτατος]] [[αξιωματούχος]] τών Ιουδαίων στην Αλεξάνδρεια (αλλ. [[αραβάρχης]]).<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>ἀραβάρχης</i>, με [[ανομοίωση]] του ρ σε λ.<br /><b><span style="color: brown;">ΠΑΡ.</span></b> <b>αρχ.</b> [[ἀλαβαρχία]], [[ἀλαβαρχῶ]]]. | ||
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An [[alabarch]] was a traditionally Jewish official in [[Alexandria]] during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, seemingly responsible for taxation and especially customs at the harbor. | |wketx=An [[alabarch]] was a traditionally Jewish official in [[Alexandria]] during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, seemingly responsible for taxation and especially customs at the harbor. | ||
"Alabarch" is a Latinization of a Greek title, [[Ἀλαβάρχης]], often described as a corruption of [[Arabarch]] ([[Ἀραβάρχης]]), meaning "[[Arab]] [[leader]]". | "Alabarch" is a Latinization of a Greek title, [[Ἀλαβάρχης]], often described as a corruption of [[Arabarch]] ([[Ἀραβάρχης]]), meaning "[[Arab]] [[leader]]". | ||
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The view that the alabarch was the head of the Jewish community is certainly wrong. He is in all probability identical with the ἀραβάρχης, whose office was that of chief superintendent of customs on the Arabian frontier, i.e. on the east side of the Nile. A 'vectigal Arabarchiæ per Ægyptum atque Augustamnicam constitutum' is mentioned in the Codex Justin. IV. lxi. 9; an inscription found at Koptos contains a tariff fixing 'how much is to be raised by those who farm the ἀποστόλιον [?] at Koptos under the arabarchy'; see the text of this inscription in Bulletin de corresp. hellénique, xx. [1896] 174–176; on the office of the alabarch in general, see the Literature in Schürer, GJV iii. 88 f., and add Wilcken, Greichische Ostraka, i. [1899] 347–351). Perhaps it is the office of the alabarch that is in view when Josephus says that the Romans 'continued (to the Jews of Alexandria) the position of trust given them by the kings, namely, the watching of the river' (c. Apion. ii. 5 fin.: 'maximam vero eis fidem olim a regibus datam conservaverunt, id est fluminis custodiam totiusque custodiæ' [the last word is certainly corrupt]). The 'watching of the river' refers to watching it in the interests of levying customs. In any cae the alabarch was not an official of the Jewish community, but a man who held a prominent place in civil life.—Tiberius Alexander, a son of the alabarch Alexander, even reached the highest grades of a Roman military career, although at the expense of renouncing his ancestral religion. | The view that the alabarch was the head of the Jewish community is certainly wrong. He is in all probability identical with the ἀραβάρχης, whose office was that of chief superintendent of customs on the Arabian frontier, i.e. on the east side of the Nile. A 'vectigal Arabarchiæ per Ægyptum atque Augustamnicam constitutum' is mentioned in the Codex Justin. IV. lxi. 9; an inscription found at Koptos contains a tariff fixing 'how much is to be raised by those who farm the ἀποστόλιον [?] at Koptos under the arabarchy'; see the text of this inscription in Bulletin de corresp. hellénique, xx. [1896] 174–176; on the office of the alabarch in general, see the Literature in Schürer, GJV iii. 88 f., and add Wilcken, Greichische Ostraka, i. [1899] 347–351). Perhaps it is the office of the alabarch that is in view when Josephus says that the Romans 'continued (to the Jews of Alexandria) the position of trust given them by the kings, namely, the watching of the river' (c. Apion. ii. 5 fin.: 'maximam vero eis fidem olim a regibus datam conservaverunt, id est fluminis custodiam totiusque custodiæ' [the last word is certainly corrupt]). The 'watching of the river' refers to watching it in the interests of levying customs. In any cae the alabarch was not an official of the Jewish community, but a man who held a prominent place in civil life.—Tiberius Alexander, a son of the alabarch Alexander, even reached the highest grades of a Roman military career, although at the expense of renouncing his ancestral religion. | ||
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==Wikipedia FR== | ==Wikipedia FR== | ||
L'alabarque ou arabarque était, au ier siècle un magistrat romain dans la province d'Égypte. | L'alabarque ou arabarque était, au ier siècle un magistrat romain dans la province d'Égypte. | ||
