ἀριστερός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[<b class="b3">ᾰ], ά, όν,</b> <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[left]], [[on the left]], <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἀριστερά</b> towards, i.e. on, [[the left]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.526</span>, al.; ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρός <span class="bibl">Od.5.277</span>; ἐπ' ἀ. χειρῶν <span class="bibl">A.R. 2.1266</span>; ἐξἀριστερῶν <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>2.4.1</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖσι ἀριστεροῖσι</b> ibid. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἀριστερά]] (with or without [[χείρ]]), ἡ, [[left hand]], <b class="b3">ἐξ ἀριστερῆς χειρός</b> on [[the left hand]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.30</span>; simply ἀριστερῆς χ. <span class="bibl">Id.4.34</span>; ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>20</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>72c</span>, etc.; οὑξ ἀριστερᾶς . . ναός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>7</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς ἀριστερὴν χεῖρα ἤιε, ἐν ἀριστερῇ ἔχειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.42</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[boding ill]], [[ominous]], because to a Greek, looking northward, unlucky signs came from the left, ἀ. ἤλυθεν ὄρνις <span class="bibl">Od.20.242</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[awkward]], [[erring]], <b class="b3">φρενόθεν ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ ἔβας</b> turnedst to [[the leftward]] of thy mind, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 182</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ εἴληφας τὸ πρᾶγμα</b> in a [[sinister]] sense, <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>22.67 D.; <b class="b3">τῷ ἀριστερῷ δέχεσθαι [λόγους</b>] Plu.2.378b. (Prop. 'better', cf. [[ἄριστος;]] euphemism (cf. [[εὐώνυμος]]) to avoid ill-luck.)</span>

|dgtxt=-ά, -όν<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [ép. gen.-dat. plu. ἀριστερόφιν <i>Il</i>.13.309]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[izquierdo]] ὦμος <i>Il</i>.5.16, 16.106, Hdt.1.171, E.<i>IT</i> 1381, μαζός <i>Il</i>.11.321, Q.S.6.635, χείρ Hdt.2.106, 4.71<br /><b class="num">•</b>de donde ἡ ἀριστερά [[la mano izquierda]] op. ἡ δεξιά: τῇ ἀριστερᾷ κρατεῖν τὸν ἄρτον, τῇ δεξιᾷ λαμβάνειν τὸν ὄψον Plu.2.99d<br /><b class="num">•</b>πούς Th.3.22, ἵππος <i>Il</i>.23.338, Nonn.<i>D</i>.37.208, κέρας Th.8.104, ὅπλα armas manejadas c. la mano izquierda, e.d., defensivas</i> 2<i>Ep.Cor</i>.6.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>en usos adv. [[a la izquierda]] ἐπ' ἀριστερά Hdt.1.51, 2.93, 7.39, a veces c. gen. ἐπ' ἀ. Βοιωτῶν <i>Il</i>.2.526, ἐπ' ἀ. χειρός <i>Od</i>.5.277, ἐπ' ἀριστερόφιν <i>Il</i>.13.309, ἐν τοῖσιν ἀριστεροῖσι Hp.<i>Epid</i>.2.4.1, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ Th.2.81, 98, ἐσιόντι ἀριστερῆς χειρός según se entra a mano izquierda</i> Hdt.2.169, ἐπὶ τοῦ δρόμου ἀριστερᾶς χερός <i>PCair.Zen</i>.653.8 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>tb. [[hacia la izquierda]] ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι [[βῶν]] <i>Il</i>.7.238<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς desde la izquierda</i> S.<i>Ph</i>.20, E.<i>Hec</i>.1151, c. gen. ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς τῆς ὁδοῦ X.<i>Cyr</i>.8.3.10, tb. ἐξ ἀριστερῆς χειρός Hdt.2.30, 4.34, 5.77, ἐξ ἀριστερῶν Hp.<i>Epid</i>.2.4.1.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[izquierdo]] c. la connotación de infausto ἀριστερὰ σήματα φαίνων Hes.<i>Fr</i>.141.25, ὄρνις <i>Od</i>.20.242, αἰετὸς ... οἴμησεν [[ἀριστερός]] Q.S.1.200<br /><b class="num">•</b>de donde ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ ... ἔβας te equivocaste</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.182, ἐπ' ἀρίστερ' εἴληφας τὸ πρᾶγμα has tomado la cosa en mal sentido</i> Men.<i>Fab.incert</i>.7.155, ἀριστερὸν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (= κακόν) Pythag.B 30, τοὺς λόγους ... τῇ ἀριστερᾷ δέχεσθαι Plu.2.378b, γνῶναι δεξιὰν καὶ ἀριστεράν distinguir el bien y el mal</i>, <i>Didache</i> 12.1, <i>PMasp</i>.2.1.12 (VI d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. plu. como adv. ἀριστερὰ κεκλήγοντες dando graznidos de mal agüero</i> Q.S.9.307.

|auten=[[left]] (opp. [[δεξιός]]), [[hence]] [[sinister]], [[ill]]-[[boding]] ([[ὄρνῖς]], Od. 20.242); ἐπ' [[ἀριστερά]], ‘on the [[left]],’ Il. 12.240 ; ἐπ' [[ἀριστερόφιν]], Il. 13.309.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[left]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: a plant [[ἀριστερεών]] (Plin.) = [[περιστερεών]] (reshaped after this form?); s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 153.251f.; not related to [[left]]?<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: With the contrast marking suffix <b class="b3">-τερο-</b>. One mostly assumes connection with <b class="b3">ἄρισ-τος</b> . - There are different opinions as to the question which side was favorable and which not; cf. Lat. [[sinister]], OHG [[winister]], aw. [[vairyastāra-]] [[left]] (old euphemism?). Chantr. Gedenkschr. Kretschmer 1, 61-9. J. Cuillandre La droite et la gauche dans les poèmes homériques. Paris 1944. - Differently, Georgacas Glotta 36 (1958) 114f.; to Av. [[vairyastara-]]).

|sngr='''原文音譯'''：¢risterÒj 阿里士帖羅士<br />'''詞類次數'''：形容詞（3）<br />'''原文字根'''：次好 （左手） 相當於： （[[שְׂמֹאל]]&#x200E;）<br />'''字義溯源'''：左手，左邊；源自（[[ἄριστον]]）=最佳的）；而 （[[ἄριστον]]）出自（[[ἄρρην]] / [[ἄρσην]]）*=男人）。這字是隱喻不祥的惡兆，因為對希臘人來說，面朝北，不吉利象徵來自左邊。當人子再來時，把綿羊（蒙賜福的）安置在右邊，山羊（被咒詛的）在左邊（ 太25:33）<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（4）；太（1）；可（1）；路（1）；林後（1）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 左邊（2） 可10:37； 路23:33；<br />2） 左手（2） 太6:3； 林後6:7