accumbo: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>ac-cumbo</b>: (adc.), cŭbui, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n.,<br /><b>I</b> to [[lay]] one's [[self]] [[down]] at a [[place]]; and [[hence]], to [[lie]] [[somewhere]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen. (so [[very]] [[rare]]): in via, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 13; of one [[swimming]]: summis in undis, Manil. 5, 429.—<br /><b>II</b> In [[part]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> To [[recline]] at [[table]], in the [[manner]] in [[which]] the Romans (and [[finally]] [[even]] the Roman women, Val. Max. 2, 1, 2) reclined, [[after]] [[luxury]] and [[effeminacy]] had [[become]] [[prevalent]]. While [[they]] extended the [[lower]] [[part]] of the [[body]] [[upon]] the [[couch]] ([[triclinium]], [[lectus]] triclinaris), [[they]] supported the [[upper]] [[part]] by the [[left]] [[arm]] [[upon]] a [[cushion]] (or [[upon]] the [[bosom]] of the one nearest; [[hence]], in sinu accumbere, Liv. 39, 43; cf. ἀνακεῖσθαι = [[εἶναι]] ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ τινός, Ev. Ioh. 13, 23), the [[right]] [[hand]] [[only]] [[being]] used in [[taking]] [[food]]: hoc [[age]], adcumbe, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 15; so id. Most. 1, 3, 150, etc.; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 31; id. Mur. 35; Liv. 28, 18; c. acc.: mensam, Att. ap. Non. 415, 26; Lucil. Sat. 13; ib. 511, 16: cotidianis epulis in robore, Cic. Mur. 74: in convivio, id. Verr. 1, 66: in [[epulo]], Cic. Vatin. 12: epulis, Verg. A. 1, 79; [[tecum]], Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 75; absol., Cic. Deiot. 17.—Since [[three]] persons [[usually]] reclined [[upon]] [[such]] a [[couch]] (cf. Cic. Pis. 27), these expressions arose: in summo (or superiorem, also [[supra]]), [[medium]] and imum (or [[infra]]) adcumbere; and the [[series]] began on the [[left]] [[side]], [[since]] [[they]] [[lay]] supported by the [[left]] [[arm]]. The [[whole]] [[arrangement]] is explained by the [[following]] [[figure]]: <[[figure]] /> <tt>[unresolved [[image]] [[link]]</tt> Among the [[three]] lecti, the [[lectus]] [[medius]] [[was]] the [[most]] honorable; and on [[each]] [[lectus]], the [[locus]] [[medius]] [[was]] [[more]] honorable [[than]] the [[summus]]; and this had the [[preference]] to the [[imus]] or [[ultimus]]. The [[consul]] or [[other]] [[magistrate]] [[usually]] sat as [[imus]] of the [[lectus]] [[medius]] ([[fig]]. no. 6), in [[order]] [[that]], by his [[position]] at the [[corner]], he [[might]] be [[able]], [[without]] [[trouble]], to [[attend]] to [[any]] [[official]] [[business]] [[that]] [[might]] [[occur]]. The [[place]] no. 7 seems, for a [[similar]] [[reason]], to [[have]] been taken by the [[host]]. See on this [[subject]] Salmas. Sol. p. 886; Smith's Antiq.; Becker's Gall. 3, p. 206 sq. (2d ed.); and Orell. excurs. ad Hor. S. 2, 8, 20. This [[statement]] explains the passages in Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 14; id. Most. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 3, 2, 37, etc.; Cic. Att. 1, 9; id. Fam. 9, 26; Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 702; Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In mal. [[part]]. ([[rarely]]), Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 73; Men. 3, 2, 11; 5, 9, 82.

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