agmen: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>agmĕn</b>: ĭnis, n. as if contr. from agimen, from [[ago]]; cf.: [[tegimen]], [[tegmen]], from [[tego]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., a [[train]], i. e. a [[collected]] [[multitude]] in [[motion]] or [[moving]] forwards; of things of [[any]] [[kind]], [[but]] esp. (so [[most]] freq. in [[prose]]) of men or animals. —Of streams of [[water]], [[motion]], [[course]], [[current]]: [[quod]] per amoenam urbem lent fluit agmine [[flumen]], Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4: [[inde]] [[super]] terras fluit agmine dulci, Lucr. 5, 272; cf. id. 6, 638; also, in [[imitation]] of Enn., Virg. and Val. Fl.: leni fluit agmine [[Thybris]], Verg. A. 2, 782; cf. Val. Fl. 4, 721.—Of a [[train]] or [[succession]] of clouds: [[denso]] sunt agmine [[nubes]], Lucr. 6, 100.—Of [[rain]]: immensum [[caelo]] venit [[agmen]] aquarum, [[body]], [[mass]], Verg. G. 1, 322 —Of atoms: agmine [[condenso]] naturam corporis explent, [[crowded]] [[into]] a [[compact]] [[mass]], Lucr. 1, 607.—Of oars: agmine re [[morum]] ceieri, [[with]] [[quick]] [[plashing]] of oars, Verg. A. 5, 211.—Of a [[flock]] of birds: agmi ne magno. Corvorum. Verg. G. 1, 381.—Of a [[snake]] [[winding]] onwards: cum medii [[nexus]] extremaeque agmina caudae Solvuntur, Verg. G. 3, 424; cf. id. A. 2, 212.—Of clouds of [[dust]] [[following]] [[any]] [[thing]] in [[rapid]] [[motion]], as men, animals, etc.: agmina cervi Pulverulenta, Verg. A. 4, 154.—And, as subst. concr., of birds [[turba]] Agminis aligeri, of the [[winged]] [[band]], Verg A. 12, 249.—Of ants; frugilegas aspeximus agmine longo formi cas, Ov. M 7, 624; so id. ib. 7, 638.—Of the stars: diffugiunt stellae; quarum agmina cogit Lucifer, Ov. M. 2, 114; so id. ib. 11, 97 al.—Eap. of a [[company]] of persons, a [[multitude]], [[troop]], [[crowd]], [[number]], [[band]]: ut a Brundisic nsque Romam [[agmen]] perpetuum totius Italiae viderem, Cic. Pis. 22: magno senatorum agmine, Tac. H. 3, 55: [[ingens]] mulierum [[agmen]], Liv. 2, 40: muliebre et miserabile [[agmen]], Tac. A. 1, 40: numerosum [[agmen]] reorum, Plin Ep. 3, 9, and Tac. H. 4, 6: Eumenidum agmina, Verg A. 4, 469.—But [[particularly]],<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> The [[train]], [[procession]], [[march]], [[progress]] of an [[army]]: de castris, de agminibus, etc., dicere, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 210: ne [[miles]] [[gregarius]] in castris, [[neve]] in agmine servum aut jumentum haberet, Sall. J. 45, 2: pugnatum [[saepe]] directā acie, [[saepe]] in agminibus, [[saepe]] eruptionibus, Vell. 2, 47: effuso agmine abire, Liv. 44, 39: uno agmine victores cum victis in urbem irrupere, id. 2, 30; uno agmine persequentes, Vulg. Judith, 15, 4 al.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., concr., an [[army]], and [[properly]] considered as in [[motion]], on the [[march]] ([[while]] [[exercitus]] is a [[disciplined]] [[army]], and [[acies]] an [[army]] in [[battle]]-[[array]]) —As [[soon]] as the [[signal]] for marching [[was]] given, the Extraordinarii and the allies of the [[right]] [[wing]], [[with]] [[their]] [[baggage]], [[first]] [[put]] [[themselves]] in [[motion]], [[then]] the legions, and [[last]] the allies of the [[left]] [[wing]], [[with]] a [[part]] of the [[cavalry]], [[which]] [[either]] rode [[behind]] the [[army]], ad [[agmen]] claudendum or cogendum. to [[close]] the [[train]], i. e. to [[keep]] it to gether or on the [[side]] in [[such]] an [[order]] ([[composito]] agmine, non itineri [[magis]] [[apto]] [[quam]] [[proelio]]) [[that]] it [[might]] be [[easily]] [[put]] [[into]] the [[line]] of [[battle]], if the [[enemy]] ven tured to [[attack]] it; cf. Sall. J. 46, 6.—An [[army]] in [[close]] ranks [[was]] called [[agmen]] justum, Tac. H. 1, 68, or [[agmen]] pilatum, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 121—When [[there]] [[was]] no [[apprehension]] of the [[enemy]], [[less]] [[care]] [[was]] taken for the [[protection]] of the [[army]]: agmine incauto, i. e. [[minus]] [[munito]], ut [[inter]] pacatos, ducebat, sc. [[consul]], Liv. 35, 4.— The [[order]] of [[march]] [[was]], [[however]], [[different]], according to circumstances and the [[nature]] of the [[ground]], Liv. 35, 4; 27, 28; and cf. Smith's Antiq.—Sometimes the [[army]] marched in the form of a [[square]], [[agmen]] [[quadratum]], [[with]] [[their]] [[baggage]] in the [[middle]], so as to be in [[battle]]-[[array]] on [[meeting]] the [[enemy]]; [[hence]] [[agmen]] [[quadratum]] [[often]] [[means]] the [[same]] as [[acies]] [[triplex]], an [[army]] formed in [[line]] of [[battle]], [[only]] [[that]] the [[former]] indicates [[that]] [[they]] are on the [[march]], and the [[latter]] [[that]] [[they]] are at [[rest]].—Hence, [[like]] [[acies]], [[with]] the epithet [[primum]], the [[vanguard]], Liv. 34, 28; Tac. Agr. 35: [[medium]], the [[centre]], Liv. 10, 41; Tac. H. 4, 22: extremum, Liv. 34, 28; Tac. H. 2, 100; or, novissimum, the [[rear]], rearguard, Liv. 44, 33; so, extremi agminis, Vulg. Deut. 25, 18: ut [[inde]] agmine quadratc ad urbem accederet, marching in a [[square]], Cic. Phil. 13, 8: [[pariter]] [[atque]] in conspectu hostium quadrato agmine incedere, Sall. J 100, 1; cf. id. ib. 46, 6, 7: [[Hannibal]] agmine quadrato amnem [[ingressus]], Liv. 21, 5; se id. 31, 36; 37, 39: quadrato agmine [[velut]] in aciem irent, Curt. 5, 1, 19 al.—Sometimes, esp. in the poets in the plur., in gen. [[sense]], = [[exercitus]] or copiae, an [[army]], [[host]], [[troops]]: huic tanto agmini dux defuit, Just. 12, 10: occidit [[Daci]] Cotisonis [[agmen]], Hor. C. 3, 8, 18: agmina curru Proterit, Verg. A. 12, 329: barbarorum [[Claudius]] agmina diruit, Hor. C. 4, 14, 29; so id. S. 2, 1, 14; id. Epod. 17, 9; Ov. M. 3, 535; 5, 151, 161; 6, 423: Del agminum Israël, Vulg. 1 Reg. 17, 45: agmina ejus dispergam, ib. Ezech. 12, 14; 38, 6.—For [[military]] [[service]], [[warfare]]: [[rudis]] agminum Sponsus, Hor. C. 3, 2, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An [[army]], [[troop]], [[band]], [[multitude]]: educenda [[dictio]] est ex hac domesticā exercitatione et umbratili [[medium]] in [[agmen]], in pulverem, in clamorem, in [[castra]], aciemque forensem, i. e. [[before]] the [[public]], Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: e Brundisio [[usque]] Romam [[agmen]] perpetuum totius Italiae, an [[unbroken]] [[train]], id. Pis. 22, 51: [[ingens]] mulierum [[agmen]], Liv. 2, 40; 9, 17: agmina Eumenidum, Verg. A. 4, 469; 6, 572: agmina comitum, Ov. Tr. 14, 30: in [[angusto]] [[fidus]] [[comes]] agmine turbae, Tib. 1, 5, 63: numerosum [[agmen]] reorum, Plin. Ep. 3, 9: [[agmen]] occupationum, an [[army]] of, id. ib. 2, 8.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; March, [[movement]]: agmina fati et volumina, Gell. 6, 2, 5.

{{Georges

|georg=agmen, minis, n. (v. [[ago]]; vgl. altind. ájman, ›[[Bahn]], [[Zug]]‹), der [[Zug]], sowohl die [[Bewegung]], [[als]] die [[sich]] bewegende [[Menge]] od. [[Masse]], I) im allg.: 1) lebender [[Wesen]]: a) [[von]] Menschen, der [[Zug]], [[Trupp]], die [[Schar]], [[agmen]] [[perpetuum]] [[totius]] Italiae, Cic.: [[stipatus]] agmine patriciorum, Liv.: hominum [[turba]] mulierum puerorumque agminibus immixta, Liv.: [[magnus]] [[comitatus]] fuit [[regius]] cum amicorum tum satellitum turbā stipante; [[non]] minore agmine legati venerunt, Liv. – Eumenidum agmina, Verg.: agminibus comitum [[qui]] [[modo]] [[cinctus]] erat, Ov. – b) v. Tieren = der [[Zug]], [[Schwarm]], die [[Koppel]] ([[Hunde]]), [[Kette]] (Rebhühner), das Rudel (Hirsche), rapidum [[agmen]], v. Jagdhunden, Ov.: [[agmen]] ferarum, Ov.: aligerum [[agmen]], v. Schwänen, Verg.: frugilegas aspeximus agmine [[longo]] formicas, Ov.: graniferum [[agmen]], v. Ameisen, Ov.; vgl. [[unten]] no. II, 2, d.<br />'''2)''' v. Lebl.: a) vom [[Zug]], [[Strom]] [[des]] Wassers, leni od. dulci fluit agmine [[flumen]] ([[Thybris]] u. dgl.), sanftwallenden Zuges, Enn., Lucr. u. Verg.: u. vom Regenstrom, [[immensum]] [[caelo]] venit [[agmen]] aquarum, [[ein]] endloses [[Heer]] [[von]] Gewässern, Verg. – b) [[von]] den Atomen, agmine [[condenso]] naturam corporis explent, in [[einen]] [[dichten]] [[Haufen]] [[gedrängt]], Lucr. 1, 606. – c) [[von]] den Wolken, [[ubicumque]] [[magis]] [[denso]] sunt agmine [[nubes]], wo die Wolken dichter [[sich]] [[häufen]], Lucr. 6, 100. – d) vom »Zuge« der [[Ruder]], agmine remorum celeri, [[mit]] raschem [[Ruderschlag]], Verg. Aen. 5, 211. – e) vom »Zuge«, [[von]] der »[[Menge]] Gänge« der Speisen, coli [[tanto]] agmine mensas, Sil. 11, 284. – f) [[von]] der »[[Reihe]]« der Zähne, terna agmina adunci dentis, Stat. Theb. 5, 509. – g) [[von]] den »Windungen« der [[Schlange]], extremae agmina caudae, Verg.: [[illi]] agmine [[certo]] (sicheren Zuges) Laocoonta petunt, Verg. – h) [[von]] den »[[Schwingungen]]« der [[Lanze]], tremulo venit agmine [[cornus]], Sil. 14, 442. – i) [[von]] [[einer]] in [[sich]] zusammenhängenden [[Menge]], [[agmen]] [[vitis]], [[ein]] Reisigbündelchen [[von]] Rebenholz, Cael. Aur. chron. 2, 13, 167. – k) übtr.: α) vom »Zuge« der [[Rede]], crispum [[agmen]] orationis, Gell. 1, 4, 4. – β) [[des]] Schicksals, agmina fati et volumina, die unerforschlichen Wege [[des]] Sch., Gell. 6, 2, 5. – γ) v. der [[Menge]] der Geschäfte, [[tot]] nexibus, [[tot]] [[quasi]] catenis [[maius]] in [[dies]] occupationum [[agmen]] extenditur, dehnt [[sich]] der [[Zug]] (die [[Reihe]]) der G. aus, Plin. ep. 2, 8. § 3.<br />'''II)''' [[als]] milit. t.t., der [[Heereszug]], d.i. 1) abstr., der [[Zug]], [[Marsch]] eines Heeres, der [[Heereszug]], Marschzug, die [[Marschkolonne]], ne [[miles]] [[gregarius]] in castris [[neve]] in agmine servum [[aut]] [[iumentum]] haberet, Sall.: citato agmine [[iter]], Liv.: [[effuso]] agmine abire, Liv.: de exercitu, de castris, de agminibus dicere, Cic.: [[rudis]] agminum, der Märsche (poet. = [[des]] Kriegsdienstes), Hor. carm. 3, 2, 9.<br />'''2)''' konkr.: a) der [[Heereszug]], die [[Marschkolonne]], der [[auf]] dem Marsche befindliche Heerhaufen, α) [[des]] Fußvolks, [[phalanx]], [[agmen]] [[magis]], [[quam]] [[acies]], Liv.: [[magis]] agmina, [[quam]] [[acies]] in [[via]] concurrerunt, Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 21, 57, 12 viele Beisp.): [[intentus]] [[miles]], ut [[ordo]] agminis in aciem assisteret, [[sowie]] der [[Zug]] geordnet war, zur [[Schlacht]] [[auch]] anzutreten, Tac.: [[retro]] in [[agmen]] suorum [[infenso]] cessit hosti, Liv. – agmine, im Zuge, [[zugweise]], agmine ingredi, agmine [[ire]] ad Urbem, Liv. – [[uno]] agmine abire, irrumpere in Urbem, Liv. - – agmine instructo, in gerüstetem Zuge, [[marschfertig]], Liv.; [[ähnlich]] agmine [[facto]], in geschlossenem Zuge, Verg.: [[tripertito]] agmine, in [[drei]] Heerhaufen (Marschkolonnen) geteilt, Tac. – agm. pilatum, Verg., od. iustum, Tac., [[ein]] in geschlossenen [[Reihen]] marschierendes Kriegsheer. – [[agmen]] confertum, [[ein]] [[dicht]] gedrängter, [[dicht]] geschlossener Heerhaufen, Sen. ad Marc. 16, 4 (vgl. [[unten]] no. d aus Verg. georg. 3, 369 sq.). – agm. [[quadratum]], das in geordnetem Zuge (der [[nach]] allen [[vier]] Seiten [[hin]] [[sofort]] [[Front]] [[machen]] u. in [[Schlachtordnung]] [[treten]] konnte, [[mit]] dem [[Gepäck]] in der [[Mitte]]) marschierende Kriegsheer (so daß das ganze [[Heer]] [[gleichsam]] [[ein]] [[Parallelogramm]] bildete, [[also]] [[nie]] = bataillon carré); dah. [[oft]] agmine quadrato, »in geordnetem Zuge, in geschlossenen Gliedern, in [[Schlachtordnung]], en ligne«, zB. incedere, [[ire]], ingredi, Sall., Curt. u.a.: u. dav. [[munito]] agmine, in gedecktem Zuge, Sall.: u. im Ggstz. agmine incauto, ut [[inter]] pacatos, Liv. – agm. [[obliquum]], in schiefer [[Schlachtordnung]] aus der [[Flanke]] marschierend, Curt.: agm. [[primum]], der [[Vortrab]], die [[Vorhut]], [[Spitze]] ([[des]] Heeres [[auf]] dem Marsche), Caes.: agm. [[medium]], die [[Mitte]] (das [[Zentrum]]), Caes.: agm. [[extremum]] od. novissimum, der [[Nachtrab]], die [[Nachhut]], Caes. u.a. – [[agmen]] ducere, den [[Zug]], das [[Heer]] [[anführen]], Cic. Tusc. 2, 35 (v. [[Marius]]): ducit Amazonidum agmina [[Penthesilea]], Verg. Aen. 1, 490. – [[agmen]] claudere, den [[Zug]] [[schließen]] u. [[decken]], Curt.: [[agmen]] claudere et novissimis praesidio [[esse]], den [[Zug]] [[schließen]] und die [[Nachhut]] [[bilden]], Caes. – [[agmen]] cogere, den [[Zug]] [[hinten]] [[zusammenhalten]] (so daß die einzelnen [[hübsch]] beim Zuge [[bleiben]]) und [[decken]], [[primae]] legionariae cohortes ibant, [[levis]] [[armatura]] et equites [[agmen]] cogebant, Liv. (vgl. [[unten]] no. d aus Solin. 25, 4). – [[agmen]] constituere, [[mit]] dem Zuge [[Halt]] [[machen]], Sall. u.a. (s. Drak. Liv. 27, 16, 11 Beisp. aus Liv.). – [[agmen]] carpere, s. [[carpo]]. – im Bilde, educenda [[deinde]] [[dictio]] est ex [[hac]] domestica exercitatione et umbratili [[medium]] in [[agmen]] ([[mitten]] in den [[Heereszug]]), in pulverem, in clamorem, in [[castra]] [[atque]] in aciem forensem, Cic.: ut [[nec]] duces [[simus]] [[nec]] [[agmen]] cogamus, weder die Ersten [[noch]] die Letzten seien, Cic.: [[velut]] in [[agmen]] et numerum, gleichs. den [[Zug]] zu [[schließen]] u. die [[Zahl]] [[voll]] zu [[machen]], Tac. – β) der [[Reiter]], agm. equitum, Liv.: agm. equestre, Ov. – b) vom [[Zug]] der [[Flotte]] ([[weil]] dem [[Zug]] [[des]] Landesheeres [[ähnlich]]), das [[Geschwader]], Liv. 21, 27, 8 (wo [[navium]] [[agmen]]); 31, 13, 1; 33, 41, 9; 37, 29, 7 u. 8. – c) vom Zuge [[des]] Gepäckes impedimentorum, Tac. ann. 2, 5: omnium impedimentorum [[agmen]] cogere (vgl. [[vorher]] no. a, α), Hirt. b.G. 8, 8, 3: [[non]] minore agmine rerum captarum [[quam]] [[suo]] [[prae]] se acto, Liv. 34, 52, 2. – d) übtr., v. Zuge gleichs. [[ein]] [[Heer]] bildender Tiere, [[natu]] [[maximus]] ([[elephantus]]) ducit [[agmen]], aetate [[proximus]] cogit sequentes (vgl. [[vorher]] no. a), Solin. 25, 4: conferto agmine cervi torpent mole novā, Verg. georg. 8, 369 sq. (vgl. [[vorher]] no. a aus Sen. ad Marc. 16, 4): e pastu decedens agmine magno corvorum [[exercitus]], Verg.: v. Ameisen, it [[nigrum]] campis [[agmen]]; u. [[pars]] agmina cogunt (s. [[oben]] no. a), Verg.: [[apes]] agmine [[facto]] (in geschlossenem Zuge, s. [[oben]] no. a) ignavum fucos [[pecus]] a praesepibus arcent, Verg. – u.v. personif. lebl. Ggstdn., venti [[velut]] agmine [[facto]], quā data [[porta]], ruunt, Verg.: diffugiunt stellae, quarum agmina cogit [[Lucifer]], Ov. – v. der [[Zeit]], [[sic]] ordinandus est [[dies]] [[omnis]], [[tamquam]] cogat [[agmen]], der [[letzte]] [[sei]] (s. no. a), Sen. ep. 12, 7. – / [[agmen]], f., Iord. Get. 7, 50.

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