deficio: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>dē-fĭcĭo</b>: fēci, fectum, 3 (<br /><b>I</b> perf. subj.: defexit, an old [[formula]] in Liv. 1, 24 fin., see [[below]], no. III. fin. In the [[pass]]., [[besides]] the [[regular]] form deficior, [[ante]]- and postclass., [[once]] in Verg., Propert., and Livy, [[like]] fīo, eri: defit, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19; Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 46; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 12; Lucr. 2, 1142; Verg. E. 2, 22; Prop. 1, 1, 34: deflunt, Gell. 20, 8, 5: defiat, Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 63: defiet, Liv. 9, 11: defieri, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 2; cf. [[conficio]] init.), v. a. and n. [[facio]], orig., to [[loosen]], [[set]] [[free]], [[remove]] from; [[but]] it passed [[over]] at a [[very]] [[early]] [[period]] [[into]] the [[middle]] [[sense]], to [[loosen]] from one's [[self]], to [[remove]] one's [[self]], to [[break]] [[loose]] from; and [[then]] [[gradually]] [[assumed]] the [[character]] of a [[new]] [[verb]]. [[act]]., [[with]] the [[meaning]] to [[leave]], [[desert]], [[depart]] from [[something]], or absol., to [[depart]], [[cease]], [[fail]]. (For syn. cf.: [[desum]], [[absum]], [[descisco]], negligo.)<br /><b>I</b> Act. in the [[middle]] [[sense]], to [[remove]] one's [[self]], [[separate]] one's [[self]], to [[withdraw]] (cf. the Greek ἀφιστάναι).—Hence, to [[forsake]], [[desert]], [[abandon]], [[revolt]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.: ab [[amicitia]] P. R., Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 3; 7, 39, 3: ab Aeduis, id. ib. 2, 14, 3: ab rege, Sall. J. 56, 3; cf. ib. 66: (consules) a senatu, a republica, a bonis omnibus defecerant, Cic. Planc. 35; cf.: a republica, id. Cat. 11, 28; id. Fam. 12, 10; id. Sull. 12, 35: ab imperio ac nomine nostro, id. Verr. 2, 1, 31 et saep.: a patribus ad plebem, to go [[over]], Liv. 6, 20: ad se, Sall. J. 61; cf.: ad Poenos, Liv. 22, 61.—Absol.: civitates quae defecerant, Caes. B. G. 3, 17, 2; 5, 25, 4; 7, 10 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.: si a virtute defeceris, [[forsake]], Cic. Lael. 11, 37: si [[utilitas]] ab [[amicitia]] defecerit, id. Fin. 2, 24, 79: ut a me [[ipse]] deficerem, id. Fam. 2, 16.—Hence,<br /><b>II</b> As a [[verb]]. [[act]]., to [[leave]] a [[person]] or [[thing]], to [[desert]], to [[fail]], [[forsake]], be [[wanting]] to (of things; [[very]] [[rarely]] of [[personal]] subjects): quem jam [[sanguis]] viresque deficiunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 50 fin.; so, [[vires]], id. B. C. 3, 99 fin.; Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199: me Leontina [[civitas]], id. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110; id. ib. 2, 5, 28 fin.; Hor. S. 2, 1, 13 et saep.: res eos jam [[pridem]], [[fides]] deficere [[nuper]] coepit, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10: me [[dies]], vox, latera deficiant, si, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 21 (imitated [[word]] for [[word]], Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 9); cf.: ne te de republica disserentem deficiat [[oratio]], Cic. Rep. 1, 23; and: [[tempus]] te citius [[quam]] [[oratio]] deficeret, id. Rosc. Am. 32: [[animus]] si te non [[deficit]] [[aequus]], Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 30: [[somnus]] sollicitas [[domus]], Tib. 3, 4, 20: [[genitor]] Phaethontis orbem, i. e. is eclipsed (cf. III. B. [[infra]]), Ov. M. 2, 382.—Poet. [[with]] a [[subject]]-[[clause]]: nec me deficiet nautas rogitare citatos, i. e. I [[will]] not [[cease]], etc. Prop. 1, 8, 23 Kuin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Pass.: cum [[aquilifer]] jam viribus deficeretur, Caes. B. C. 3, 64, 3; cf.: [[mulier]] a menstruis defecta, Cels. 2, 8 fin.: [[mulier]] abundat [[audacia]], consilio et ratione deficitur, Cic. Clu. 65, 184: [[aqua]] ciboque defecti, Quint. 3, 8, 23; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25: [[sanguine]] defecti [[artus]], Ov. M. 5, 96 et saep.: si qui dotem promisit [[defectus]] [[sit]] facultatibus, i. e. [[unable]] to [[pay]], Dig. 23, 3, 33; cf.: te defecta nomina, ib. 22, 1, 11 fin.—<br /><b>III</b> Middle or [[neuter]], to [[run]] [[out]], be [[wanting]], [[fail]], [[cease]], [[disappear]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Middle ([[mostly]] [[ante]]-[[class]]. and [[poet]].).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat.: mihi [[fortuna]] [[magis]] [[nunc]] defit, [[quam]] [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19; Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 2: lac mihi non aestate novum, non frigore defit, Verg. E. 2, 22.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol.: [[neque]] [[opsonium]] defiat [[neque]] supersit, Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 3; so opp. superesse, Ter. Ph. 1, 3, 10: ut defiat [[dies]], Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 63: id. Mil. 4, 6, 46: numquamne [[causa]] defiet, [[cur]]? etc., Liv. 9, 11.—Trop.: defectis (sc. [[animo]]) defensoribus, [[disheartened]], Caes. B. C. 3, 40, 3: sed non [[usque]] eo defectum Germanicum, weakened, Tac. A. 2, 70; cf. in the foll. no. B. β.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Neuter.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat. (so [[rarely]]; [[mostly]] [[poet]].): cum non [[solum]] [[vires]], sed [[etiam]] [[tela]] nostris deficerent, Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1; so perh.: [[vires]] nostris, id. B. C. 2, 41, 7 (al. nostros); Sil. 8, 661 Oud. N. cr.; cf. id. 10, 10, 193; and Stat. Ach. 1, 445.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol. (freq. in all periods and kinds of [[composition]]): non [[frumentum]] deficere poterat, Caes. B. C. 2, 37 fin.; cf.: [[fructus]] ex arboribus, id. ib. 3, 58 fin.: ejus generis [[copia]], id. B. G. 6, 16 fin.: [[tempus]] anni ad [[bellum]] gerendum, id. ib. 4, 20, 2: [[vereor]], ne mihi crimina non suppeterent, ne [[oratio]] deesset, ne vox viresque deficerent, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11: [[nisi]] [[memoria]] [[forte]] defecerit, id. Fin. 2, 14, 44; id. Rep. 1, 3: non deficiente [[crumena]], Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 11 et saep.; Juv. 11, 38: [[quod]] plena [[luna]] defecisset, [[was]] eclipsed, Cic. Rep. 1, 15; cf.: solem lunae oppositum solere deficere, id. ib. 1, 16 al.; also [[simply]] to [[set]]: [[qua]] venit [[exoriens]], [[qua]] [[deficit]], Prop. 4, 4, 27: lunā deficiente, waning (opp. crescente), Gell. 20, 8, 5; of [[fire]] and [[light]], to go [[out]], [[expire]], [[become]] [[extinct]]: [[ignis]], Verg. G. 352: [[lumen]], Petr. 111, 4: [[progenies]] Caesarum in Nerone [[deficit]], becomes [[extinct]], [[dies]] [[out]], Suet. Galb. 1; cf. Plin. [[Pan]]. 39, 6; Just. 7, 2, 4; Sen. Suas. 2, 22; [[but]] [[deficit]] [[ignis]], does not [[extend]], Verg. A. 2, 505: in hac voce defecit, he departed, expired, Suet. Aug. 99; Quint. 6 prooem. § 11: [[deficit]] omne [[quod]] nascitur, [[comes]] to an [[end]], Quint. 5, 10, 79; cf.: [[mundum]] deficere, id. ib.: [[deficit]] [[vita]], Plaut. Asin. 3, 3, 19; [[quod]] multi Gallicis tot [[bellis]] defecerant, had been [[lost]], Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.: ultima jam passi comites [[bello]] Deficiunt, [[grow]] [[faint]], Ov. M. 14, 483: [[deficit]] [[Matho]], fails, becomes [[bankrupt]], Juv. 7, 129: debitores, Dig. 49, 14, 3, § 8: munimenta defecerant, yielded, surrendered, Curt. 4, 4, 19.—Trop.: ne negotio desisteret neu [[animo]] deficeret, [[nor]] be [[disheartened]], Caes. B. C. 3, 112 fin.; so, [[animo]], id. B. G. 7, 30; id. B. C. 1, 19; 2, 43; Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10; for [[which]], ne deficiant (apes) animum, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 34; and in a [[like]] [[sense]] absol.: ne una [[plaga]] [[accepta]] patres conscripti conciderent, ne deficerent, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9; so Caes. B. C. 2, 31 fin.; Sall. J. 51, 4: [[deficit]] ars, Ov. M. 11, 537: illis legibus [[populus]] Romanus [[prior]] non deficiet: si [[prior]] defexit [[publico]] consilio [[dolo]] [[malo]], tu [[illo]] [[die]], [[Juppiter]], etc., to [[depart]] from, [[violate]] the conditions of a [[treaty]], an old [[formula]] used in [[taking]] an [[oath]], Liv. 1, 24 fin.: pugnando deficere, i. e. to be [[deficient]], [[wanting]], Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 3; cf. [[poet]]. [[with]] foll. inf.: suppeditare Materies, Lucr. 1, 1039; Sil. 3, 112; Tib. 4, 1, 191.— Hence, dēfectus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. III.), [[weak]], weakened, [[worn]] [[out]], [[enfeebled]] (not [[ante]]-Aug.): [[quod]] sibi defectis [[illa]] tulisset opem, Ov. F. 3, 674: [[defectus]] annis et [[desertus]] viribus, Phaedr. 1, 21, 3; cf.: defectissimus annis et viribus, Col. 1 prooem. § 12: [[senio]] ([[arbor]]), id. 5, 6, 37: laboribus, Val. Fl. 2, 285: vadit [[incerto]] pede, jam viribus defecta, Sen. Hippol. 374: defectae senectutis homine, Dig. 7, 1, 12, § 3: in tumidis et globosis (speculis) omnia defectiora (corresp. [[with]] paria and auctiora), smaller, App. Mag. p. 283.—Plur. subst.: dēfecti, ōrum, m.: sidera obscura attributa defectis, the [[weak]], Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 28.

{{Georges

|georg=dē-ficio, fēcī, fectum, ere (de u. [[facio]]), eig. wegmachen, I) intr. [[oder]] refl., [[sich]] [[weg]]-, [[fortmachen]], u. [[zwar]]: A) eine [[Verbindung]] trennend = [[sich]] [[losmachen]], [[abtrünnig]] od. [[untreu]] [[werden]], a) im polit. Sinne (Ggstz. in [[fide]] manere, ad [[officium]] redire), defecerat [[Samus]], descierat [[Hellespontus]], Nep.: ne cuncta [[Gallia]] deficeret, Caes.: ut civitates [[eius]] insulae, [[quae]] [[semel]] in amicitiam nostram venissent, [[numquam]] [[postea]] deficerent, Cic. – ne [[civitas]] eorum impulsu ([[auf]] ihren [[Antrieb]]) deficeret, Caes.: [[iam]] nonnullae insulae [[propter]] acerbitatem imperii defecerant, Nep: – ne [[Apulia]] [[omnis]] ad ([[bei]]) praesentem terrorem deficeret, Liv.: ne [[illi]] ad spem amicitiae Romanorum ([[bei]] der [[Aussicht]] [[auf]] die Fr. der R.) deficerent, Liv. – m. ab u. Abl., [[selten]] m. bl. Abl.[[von]] wem? deficientes a [[fide]] societatis Lacedaemonii, Iustin.: [[qui]] ([[Tissaphernes]]) ab [[amicitia]] [[regis]] defecerat, Nep.: ceteri [[qui]] unā cum [[illo]] a re [[publica]] defecerunt, Cic.: consules a senatu, a re [[publica]], a bonis omnibus defecerant, Cic.: [[numquam]] [[isti]] populi, [[nisi]] cum deerit ad quem desciscant, ab [[nobis]] [[non]] deficient, Liv.: animadvertit [[non]] [[modo]] Romae [[sed]] [[ubique]] [[cotidie]] magnam multitudinem deficere a cultu idolorum et ad religionem novam damnatā vetustate transire, Lact. – illis legibus ([[von]] den G.) [[populus]] [[Romanus]] [[prior]] [[non]] deficiet (wird [[nicht]] [[abgehen]]); si [[prior]] [[defexit]] [[publico]] consilio [[dolo]] [[malo]], tum etc., [[alte]] [[Eidesformel]] b. Liv. 1, 24, 7 sq. – m. ad u. Akk., defecere ad Poenos hi populi, Liv.: [[post]] victoriam [[maior]] [[pars]] Asiae ad [[eum]] defecit, Iustin.: [[qui]] [[primus]] a patribus ad plebem defecisset, Liv.: Athenienses et Thebanos ab eo ad Persas defecisse, Iustin. – b) moral. od. [[intellektuell]]: si a virtute defeceris, Cic.: ut a me [[ipse]] deficerem (mir [[selbst]] [[untreu]] würde), Cic.: si [[plane]] a [[nobis]] deficis ([[von]] unserer [[Ansicht]]), Cic.: si [[utilitas]] ab [[amicitia]] defecerit, Cic.<br />'''B)''' abnehmend, schwindend [[sich]] wegmachen od. [[wegbleiben]], [[abnehmen]], [[abfallen]], [[ausgehen]], [[ausbleiben]], [[aufhören]], a) dem Umfange, der [[Größe]], [[Höhe]] [[nach]], v. Monde, [[abnehmen]] (Ggstz. crescere), [[eadem]] [[autem]], [[quae]] crescente lunā gliscunt, deficiente [[contra]] defiunt, Gell. 20, 8, 5. – v. [[Sonne]] u. [[Tag]], [[untergehen]], [[sich]] [[neigen]], [[erlöschen]], quā venit ([[deus]] = [[sol]]) [[exoriens]], quā deficit, Prop.: [[ubi]] [[dies]] deficit, [[ibi]] noctem agunt, [[Mela]]: die [[iam]] deficiente, Petron. – v. [[Sonne]] u. [[Mond]], [[sich]] [[verfinstern]], [[quod]] navigantibus [[eis]] [[sol]] defecerat (eine [[Sonnenfinsternis]] eingetreten war), Iustin.: solem lunae oppositu solere deficere, Cic.: [[luna]] interpositu interiectuque terrae [[repente]] deficit, Cic.: serenā [[nocte]] [[subito]] [[candens]] et plena [[luna]] deficit, Cic.: [[sol]] [[deficiens]], Cic.: [[luna]] [[deficiens]], Curt.: rationes veras solis et lunae deficientium scire, Gell. – v. [[Feuer]] u. [[Licht]], ab-, [[ausgehen]], [[erlöschen]], [[ubi]] ignem deficere [[extremum]] videbat, Verg. Aen. 9, 352 ([[verschieden]] [[von]] Verg. Aen. 2, 505, s. [[no]]. b): [[quoties]] defecerat [[lumen]], renovabat, Petron. 111, 4. – v. Gewässern, [[abnehmen]], [[zurücktreten]], [[sich]] [[verlieren]] (Ggstz. crescere, increscere, exuberare, exaestuare), [[fons]] meridie [[semper]] deficit; [[mox]] increscens ad [[medium]] noctis exuberat, ab eo [[rursus]] [[sensim]] deficit, Plin.: [[stagnum]] incertae altitudinis, [[utcumque]] exaestuat [[aut]] deficit [[mare]], flutet od. ebbet, Liv. – v. Quellen u. Flüssen, [[ausbleiben]], [[versiegen]], deficiunt [[laesi]] carmine ([[durch]] Zauberspruch) fontis aquae, Ov.: [[Euphrates]] [[nusquam]] [[manifesto]] exitu effluit, ut [[alii]] amnes, [[sed]] deficit, [[Mela]]. – v. der [[Welt]], [[untergehen]] (Ggstz. nasci), s. [[Quint]]. 5, 10, 79. – v. Befestigungswerken, [[weichen]], [[nachgeben]], Curt. 4, 4 (19), 12.<br />'''b)''' der [[Ausdehnung]] in die [[Länge]] [[nach]], [[aufhören]], quā deficit [[ignis]] ([[wohin]] das [[Feuer]] [[nicht]] [[gedrungen]] ist), Verg. Aen. 2, 505 ([[verschieden]] [[von]] Verg. Aen. 9, 352, s. [[oben]] no. a): [[quoniam]] [[talis]] [[semper]] [[figura]] mucrone deficiat, Plin.: [[gestatio]] buxo [[aut]] rore marino, [[ubi]] deficit [[buxus]], ambitur, Plin. ep. – [[bes]]. v. Örtl., deficiunt silvae, Ov.: ultima [[pars]] aulae deficientis erat, Mart.: in deficiente [[iam]] porticu, Petron.<br />'''c)''' der [[Menge]], [[Zahl]], dem Inhalte [[nach]], [[abnehmen]], [[auf]] die [[Neige]] [[gehen]], [[nicht]] ([[mehr]]) [[ausreichen]], [[ausgehen]], [[mangeln]], [[fehlen]], α) übh. (Ggstz. crescere, superare): [[non]] [[materia]], [[non]] [[frumentum]] deficere poterat, Caes.: [[fructus]] (al. [[frons]]) ex arboribus deficiebat, Caes.: [[postquam]] [[inter]] arenas radices [[quoque]] et herbae defecerant, Sen.: pabulo [[circa]] deficiente, Plin.: [[aqua]] [[etiam]] defecerat, Curt.: cum [[eius]] generis (an derart Leuten) [[copia]] deficeret, Caes.: [[non]] deficiente crumenā ([[mit]] hinreichenden Mitteln), Hor. ep. 1, 4, 11: deficiente crumenā et crescente, Iuven. 11, 38: [[utrum]] [[superans]] an [[deficiens]] [[materia]] (Körpersäfte) laeserit, Cels.: si [[vel]] [[superans]] [[aliquid]] [[vel]] [[deficiens]] ([[ein]] [[Übermaß]] od. [[ein]] [[Mangel]]) adversam valetudinem creet, Cels.: si lacrimae deficient, Ov. – v. Abstr., [[nec]] [[vero]] levitatis Atheniensium exempla deficiunt, Cic.: deficit [[non]] [[voluntas]], [[sed]] [[spes]], Cic.: [[quod]] [[mihi]] consuevit in ceteris causis [[esse]] adiumento, id [[quoque]] in [[hac]] [[causa]] deficit, Cic. – v. Pers., cum esset [[Demosthenes]], [[multi]] oratores [[magni]] et clari fuerunt et [[ante]] fuerant [[nec]] [[postea]] defecerunt, Cic. or. 6: [[Pygmaei]], minutum [[genus]], et [[quod]] [[pro]] [[satis]] frugibus [[contra]] grues dimicando defecit (ausgegangen ist), [[Mela]] 3, 8, 8 (3. § 81). – Insbes. [[als]] jurist. t. t., α) v. Rechtsfällen = wegfallen, in Wegfall [[kommen]], keine Anwendung [[finden]], [[nicht]] [[stattfinden]] od. -[[haben]], [[nicht]] [[eintreten]], zB. deficit [[actio]], ICt.: deficit [[interdictum]], ICt. – β) prägn., v. Pers., in Vermögensverfall [[kommen]], [[verarmen]], bankrott-, [[zahlungsunfähig]] [[werden]], [[nisi]] principales debitores defecerint, Callistr. dig. 49, 14, 3. § 8: deficit [[Matho]], Iuven. 7, 129 (vgl. [[unten]] no. II defici facultatibus, Ulp. dig. 23, 3, 33 in.).<br />'''d)''' der [[Zeitdauer]] [[nach]], [[nicht]] [[ausreichen]], zu [[kurz]] [[sein]], [[dies]] deficiat, si [[velim]] numerare, quibus bonis [[male]] evenerit, Cic.: [[dies]] deficiat, si [[velim]] paupertatis causam defendere, Cic. (vgl. no. II, a, wo [[dies]] [[iam]] me deficiet, si etc.): si [[tempus]] anni ad [[bellum]] gerendum deficeret, Caes.: utque solebamus consumere longa loquendo [[tempora]], sermoni (al. sermonem) deficiente die, Ov. trist. 5, 13, 27 sq.<br />'''e)''' der [[Reihenfolge]] [[nach]] [[aufhören]], [[erlöschen]], [[remotus]] [[iam]] deficientis affinitatis [[gradus]], Plin. pan. 39, 6: [[progenies]] Caesarum in Nerone defecit, Suet. Galb. 1.<br />'''f)''' der intensiven [[Stärke]], inneren [[Kraft]], dem Grade [[nach]] [[abnehmen]], [[ausgehen]], [[auf]] die [[Neige]] [[gehen]], [[erlahmen]], [[ermatten]], [[erlöschen]], in [[Verfall]] [[kommen]], dahinschwinden, [[sinken]], erschöpft ([[entkräftet]], [[abgespannt]], geschwächt, gelähmt) [[sein]] od. [[sich]] [[fühlen]], die [[Kraft]] (Kräfte) [[verlieren]], [[von]] Kräften [[kommen]],α) v. sächl. Subjj., u. [[zwar]] v. [[Körper]], v. Gliedern, Körperkräften u. dgl., deficiunt corpora, Quint.: in ipso [[gelu]] [[deficientia]] corpora, Curt.: inclinatum ac [[deficiens]] [[caput]], Curt.: id [[membrum]], [[quod]] deficit, das gelähmte [[Glied]], Cels.: membra deficere coeperunt, Curt.: me tenuit moriens deficiente manu, Ov.: deficiunt ad coepta [[manus]], Ov.: quorundam [[adversus]] hostes deficit [[manus]], Sen. rhet. – [[anima]] deficit, es tritt [[Ohnmacht]] [[ein]], Cels.: deficientibus animis, [[indem]] die Besinnung ausging, Liv.: [[antequam]] [[ultimus]] [[spiritus]] deficeret, Curt. – ne [[vires]] deficiant, [[utique]] eo die cibum assumere debet ([[aeger]]), Cels.: [[quamvis]] consenuerint [[vires]] [[atque]] defecerint, Cic. – v. der [[Stimme]] u. [[Rede]], [[vox]] [[iam]] deficere coeperat, Curt.: [[credo]], si meis horis in accusando [[uti]] voluissem, vererer, ne [[mihi]] crimina [[non]] suppeterent, ne [[oratio]] deesset, ne [[vox]] viresque deficerent, Cic.: deficiente oratione, da ihm die Worte ausgingen, Liv.: deflere dicitur ore suam deficiente necem (v. [[Schwan]]), Ov. – v. physischen Zuständen, [[itaque]] et animantes, cum [[calor]] defecerit, tum interire, Cic. de nat. deor. 3, 15. – v. polit. Zuständen, [[bellum]] [[ibi]] [[aliquando]] defecit, [[Flor]]. 4, 2, 6: deficiente [[cotidie]] [[regis]] maiestate, [[täglich]] (an [[Ansehen]]) abnahm, sank, Iustin. 3, 1, 1. – v. Rechtszuständen, si [[cautio]] [[medio]] tempore defecerit, [[wenn]] die bestellte [[Kaution]] in [[Verfall]] gekommen ist (= [[wegen]] Zahlungsunfähigkeit [[des]] Schuldners [[nicht]] erfüllt [[werden]] kann), Papin. dig. 35, 1, 73. – v. geistigen u. gemütlichen Zuständen, noli [[ergo]] mirari, si [[pictura]] deficit, [[wenn]] die [[Malerkunst]] (in ihren Leistungen) sinkt (herunterkommt), Petron.: deficit [[ars]] animique cadunt, Ov.: [[nisi]] [[memoria]] (das [[Gedächtnis]]) [[forte]] defecerit, Cic.: [[utcumque]] defecere [[mores]] ([[Zucht]] u. [[Sitte]]), Hor.: [[cur]] deficiat [[animus]] ([[Mut]])? Quint.: u. so [[primum]] animi, [[deinde]] corpora deficere coeperunt, Curt. – m. Dat. wem? [[mihi]] [[iam]] toto [[hic]] [[furor]] [[non]] deficit [[anno]], hört [[auf]], Prop. 1, 1, 7. – m. in u. Abl., ut id ([[odium]]) in me [[uno]] [[potius]], [[quam]] in optimo [[quoque]] et in universa civitate deficeret, aufhörte ([[sich]] austobte), Cic. [[post]] red. ad Quir. 1; vgl. [[duo]] [[milia]], in quibus occidendis defecerat [[rabies]], Curt. 4, 4 (19), 17. – poet. m. folg. Infin. = [[nachlassen]], [[aufhören]] zu usw., Lucr. 1, 1040. Caes. German. Arat. 260 (vgl. [[unten]] no. β). – β) v. persönl. Subjj.: is [[qui]] deficit, der Schwache, Cels.: [[lassus]] [[tam]] [[cito]] deficis [[viator]], Mart.: [[medicus]] si deficere aegrum [[non]] intellegit, Sen.: deficiebat [[elephantus]], Curt.: [[equus]] [[deficiens]] procubuit, Curt.: malle [[eum]] deficere [[quam]] desinere, daß ihm [[eher]] der [[Atem]] [[als]] die [[Rede]] ausgehe, Quint.: [[optimus]] virtutis [[finis]] est [[antequam]] deficias desinere, Sen. rhet.: [[nec]] [[tamen]] [[illi]] defecerunt (ermatteten [im Forschen]) [[neque]] [[nos]] [[studium]] exquirendi defatigati relinquemus, Cic.: Ggstz. [[incertum]] est an (filii) proficiant ([[gedeihen]]), an deficiant ([[schwächlich]] [[werden]]), Augustin. in psalm. 38, 19. – m. Abl. [[wodurch]]? [[womit]]? et [[simul]] lassitudine et procedente [[iam]] die fame [[etiam]] deficere, Liv.: [[quod]] [[multi]] Gallicis [[tot]] [[bellis]] defecerant, [[schwach]], [[invalid]] geworden waren, Caes.: [[neque]] coniuncti Albicis ([[mit]] den Alb.) [[comminus]] pugnando deficiebant, ermatteten [[nicht]] [[durch]] den [[Nahkampf]] = ließen es [[nicht]] im N. an [[sich]] [[fehlen]], Caes. – def. totā mente, [[ganz]] [[von]] Sinnen kom men, [[ganz]] die Besinnung [[verlieren]], Ov.: def. [[animo]], den [[Mut]] (die [[Hoffnung]]) [[sinken]] [[lassen]], zB. [[animo]] [[deficiens]], [[ohne]] [[Hoffnung]] u. [[Trost]], Lucr.: [[ipse]] [[animo]] [[non]] defecerat [[tanto]] [[accepto]] [[incommodo]], Caes.: [[sin]] a [[vobis]] deserar, [[tamen]] [[animo]] [[non]] deficiam, Cic.: [[consul]] [[nec]] [[animo]] defecit [[nec]] consilio, dem K. ging weder der [[Mut]] [[noch]] die [[Einsicht]] ab, Liv.: [[non]] [[tamen]] defecere animis [[Tyrii]], Curt. – def. vitā, [[mit]] dem [[Leben]] [[auf]] die [[Neige]] [[kommen]], [[verscheiden]], Plaut. asin. 609. – def. sanguine et spiritu, an der Verblutung [[verscheiden]], Val. Max. 3, 2. ext. 5. – m. folg. Infin., [[nachlassen]], [[aufhören]] zu usw., Tibull. 4, 1, 191. Rutil. Lup. 2, 18 (vgl. [[oben]] no. α a. E.). – Prägn., αα) die Besinnung [[verlieren]], in [[Ohnmacht]] [[fallen]], [[animo]] linquuntur deficiuntque, Scrib.: deficit in thalamis, Val. Flacc. – ββ) den [[Halt]] [[verlieren]], den [[Mut]] [[sinken]] [[lassen]], [[kleinmütig]] [[werden]] (s. Heinse Ov. her. 19, 8. Duker [[Flor]]. 2, 2, 17. Burm. Ps. Quint. decl. 339), [[sed]] [[tamen]] [[quam]] [[diu]] [[vos]] eritis in spe, [[non]] deficiam, Cic.: ne unā plagā acceptā patres conscripti concĭderent, ne deficerent, Cic.: [[Turnus]] ut infractos [[adverso]] Marte Latinos defecisse videt, Verg.: deficit ingenti luctu [[rex]] [[ipse]] [[Latinus]], Verg.: ne hi [[propter]] suorum paucitatem et hostium multitudinem metu (aus F.) deficerent, Auct. b. Afr.: [[nec]] defuerant [[qui]] [[ipsi]] Punici [[maris]] nomine ac terrore deficerent, [[Flor]]. – in duris (in Drangsalen) [[haud]] [[umquam]] defice, [[laß]] [[nicht]] den [[Mut]] [[sinken]], Val. Flacc. 4, 35. – γγ) [[verscheiden]], [[hinsterben]], cum deficere [[eum]] amici viderent, Iustin.: [[paulatim]] defecit, Sen.: defecit [[prope]] lucem, Suet.: in ea voce defecit, Suet.: eo [[anno]], [[quo]] [[ille]] defecit, Sulp. Sev.: voces (Äußerungen) deficientis, Tac.: momenta (Stadien) deficientis, Tac.<br />'''g)''' [[als]] jurist. t. t., vom zur [[Erbschaft]] Berufenen, der [[sie]] [[aber]] [[nicht]] [[erwerben]] will od. kann, [[ausfallen]], in Wegfall [[kommen]], [[nicht]] in [[Betracht]] [[kommen]], deficiente gradu nepotum, [[wenn]] die [[Abstufung]] der E. in Wegfall kommt, ICt.: is in parte [[quoque]] deficientis est [[heres]], ICt.: deficientium partes accipere, ICt.<br />'''II)''' v. tr.: a) act., jmd. [[verlassen]] = jmd. im Stiche [[lassen]], [[sich]] jmdm. [[entziehen]], [[von]] lebl. Subjj. [[auch]] jmdm. [[ausbleiben]], [[ausgehen]], [[auf]] die [[Neige]] [[gehen]], dahinschwinden, jmdm. [[abgehen]], [[gebrechen]], [[für]] jmd. [[nicht]] [[ausreichen]], α) v. Pers.: [[quoniam]] me Leontina [[civitas]] [[atque]] [[legatio]] [[propter]] [[eam]] [[quam]] [[dixi]] causam defecit, [[mihimet]] ineunda [[ratio]] est etc., Cic. Verr. 3, 110: [[genitor]] Phaëthontis (der [[Sonnengott]]) cum deficit orbem, [[sich]] der [[Welt]] entzieht (= [[sich]] verfinstert), Ov. [[met]]. 2, 382: Somnus ([[Schlaf]] [[als]] [[Gott]]) sollicitas deficit [[ante]] domos, Tibull. 3, 4, 20. – absol., dubiis ne defice rebus, [[laß]] (mich) [[nicht]] im Stiche, Verg. Aen. 6, 196. – β) v. lebl. Subjj.: αα) m. Acc. pers.: ipsos [[res]] frumentaria deficere coepit, Caes.: [[non]] [[eum]] defecit [[mare]], [[sed]] [[commeatus]], [[Mela]]: cum [[non]] [[solum]] [[vires]], [[sed]] [[etiam]] [[tela]] nostros deficerent, Caes.: cum oppidanos [[iam]] [[tela]], [[iam]] [[vires]], [[iam]] [[ante]] [[omnia]] [[animus]] ([[Mut]]) deficeret, Liv.: [[frustra]] meae vitae subvenire conamini, quem [[iam]] [[sanguis]] viresque deficiunt, Caes.: cum me [[vires]] deficere coepissent, Cic.: deficient inopem venae te, ni [[cibus]] accedet, dir Armen [[versiegen]] die Adern (versiegt die [[Lebenskraft]]), Hor.: sectantem levia (Abglättung) nervi deficiunt animique (dichterischer [[Geist]]), Hor.: ii, quos discentes [[vita]] defecit, Cic.: me [[dies]], [[vox]], latera deficiant, si [[hoc]] [[nunc]] vociferari [[velim]], Cic.: [[dies]] [[iam]] me deficiat, si, [[quae]] dici in [[eam]] sententiam possunt, coner expromere, Cic. (vgl. [[oben]] no. I, B, d): [[dies]] me [[citius]] defecerit [[quam]] nomina, Cic.: [[tempus]] te [[citius]] [[quam]] [[oratio]] deficeret, Cic.: [[tempus]] deficiet domestica narrantem, Val. Max.: [[neque]] est [[periculum]], ne te de re [[publica]] disserentem deficiat [[oratio]], Cic.: [[omnia]] [[colligo]], ut [[novi]] scribam [[aliquid]] ad te; [[sed]], ut vides, [[res]] me ipsa deficit, Cic.: ut eorum, [[quae]] didicerimus, [[memoria]] [[nos]] deficiat, Col.: si te deficient poscendi munera causae, Ov. – [[dolor]] ([[Unwille]]) me [[non]] deficit, Cic.: si quem [[illa]] praestantis ingenii [[vis]] [[forte]] deficiet, Cic.: [[animus]] si te [[non]] deficiet [[aequus]], Hor.: [[prudentia]] [[numquam]] deficit oratorem, Cic.: ea me solacia deficiunt, Cic.: cum [[motus]] [[omnis]] animi, [[tamquam]] [[ventus]], hominem defecerat ([[sich]] gelegt hatte), flaccescebat [[oratio]], Cic. – m. Abl. [[wodurch]]? nostros [[vires]] lassitudine deficiebant, Caes. – m. in (in, [[bei]]) u. Abl., [[vox]] [[eum]] defecit in [[illo]] [[loco]]: ›Si [[sciens]] [[fallo]]‹, Cic.: [[nec]] supersumus pugnae [[nisi]] in quibus trucidandis et [[ferrum]] et [[vires]] hostem defecerunt (den [[Dienst]] versagten), Liv.: si me in mea [[querimonia]]... [[non]] [[modo]] [[vires]], [[sed]] [[etiam]] [[vita]] deficiat, mir ausginge, Cic.: Fonteium in [[hac]] [[causa]] deficerent [[omnia]], Cic. – m. ad u. Akk. Gerund., [[quia]] consulem ad regendum equum [[vires]] deficiebant, Liv. – poet. m. folg. Infin., [[nec]] me deficiet nautas rogitare citatos, [[ich]] werde [[nicht]] [[nachlassen]] ([[nimmer]] [[ruhen]]), Prop. 1, 8, 23. – ββ) m. Acc. [[rei]]: ne deficiant animum, [[Varro]]: linguam defecerat [[umor]] ([[Speichel]]), Ov.: noctes [[lentus]] [[non]] deficit [[umor]] ([[Tau]]), Verg.<br />'''b)''' pass.: α) deficitur alqs od. alqd ab alqa re od. bl. alqā re, es wird jmd. od. eine [[Sache]] [[von]] etw. [[verlassen]], im Stiche [[gelassen]], es geht [[mit]] etw. [[bei]] jmd. [[auf]] die [[Neige]], es verläßt jmd. etw., es bleibt od. geht jmdm. etw. aus, es ist jmd. [[ohne]] etw., es geht jmdm. od. [[einer]] [[Sache]] etw. ab, es mangelt od. gebricht jmdm. od. [[einer]] [[Sache]] an etw. (dah. Ggstz. abundat alqs od. alqd alqā re), [[teils]] v. pers. Subjj., defici a viribus, Caes.: deficior [[prudens]] [[artis]] ab [[arte]] mea, Ov.: [[quae]] ([[mulier]]) [[neque]] peperit [[neque]] gravida est, si [[lac]] habet, a menstruis defecta est, [[bei]] [[ihr]] ist die [[Regel]] ausgeblieben, Cels. – defici pecuniā, clientium turbā, nobilitate et avorum proavorumque [[serie]], Sen.: defici [[non]] gressu [[modo]], [[sed]] et visu, Suet.: defici copiā pabuli frumentique, Hirt. b. G.: [[lacte]] defici (v. [[einer]] [[Hündin]]), Col.: [[animo]] defici, die Besinnung [[verlieren]], [[ohnmächtig]] [[werden]], Curt.: [[auxilio]] defici, in [[einen]] hilflosen [[Zustand]] [[geraten]], Scrib.: defici facultatibus, in Vermögensverfallkommen, [[verarmen]], Ulp. dig. 23, 3, 33 in. (vgl. [[oben]] no. I, B, c aus Iuven. 7, 129): [[non]] defici extemporali facultate, Suet.: tempore deficiar, tragicos si persequar ignes, Ov.: [[mulier]] abundat audaciā, consilio et ratione deficitur, Cic. – m. folg. [[Satz]] m. [[quominus]] u. Konj., si memoriā deficitur, [[quo]] [[minus]] agnoscat cuiusque progeniem, Col. 7, 9, 12. – Partiz. Perf., aquā ciboque defecti, Quint.: [[defectus]] pilis, [[nur]] [[noch]] [[dünn]] [[behaart]], Phaedr.: [[defectus]] aetatis viribus et acie oculorum, Val. Max.: [[defectus]] [[senio]], Col.: [[defectus]] annis et [[desertus]] viribus, [[mit]] den Jahren [[auf]] der [[Neige]], Phaedr.: u. Superl., defectissimus annis et viribus, Col. 1. prooem. § 12. – [[ohne]] Abl., [[colluvies]] defectae fidei, Apul. [[met]]. 5, 24: defectae senectutis [[homo]], [[ein]] altersschwacher, Ulp. dig.: Plur. subst., dēfectī, ōrum, m., Schwache, Plin. 2, 28. – [[teils]] [[von]] sächl. u. abstr. Subjj., Mysiam Libyamque aiunt abundare frumentis; [[nec]] [[tamen]] Apulos Campanosque agros opimis defici segetibus, [[Mela]]: [[haec]] [[amoenitas]] deficitur aquā salienti, Plin. ep.: ut defunctorum voluntates, [[etiamsi]] iure deficerentur, [[quasi]] perfectas tuerer, Plin. ep. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., multorum [[crudelitas]] et [[ambitio]] et [[luxuria]], ut paria pessimis audeat, fortunae favore deficitur, Sen. ep. 42, 4. – u. Partiz. Perf., defectum corpore [[caput]], vom Rumpfe getrennter, Plin. pan.: defecta vigore [[cervix]], Ov.: sanguine defecti [[artus]], verbluteten, Ov.: [[sol]] [[defectus]] lumine, Tibull.: [[ars]] [[nec]] exemplis pauperior [[nec]] oratione [[defectior]], ermangelnder, Apul. de deo Socr. prol. p. 111 H. (p. 4, 17 G.). – β) absol., prägn., [[teils]] = an [[Substanz]] [[abfallen]], si [[non]] terrestri [[cibo]] membra corporis alantur, deficientur (so [[schwinden]] [[sie]] [[zusammen]]), Vitr. 8. praef. § 2: [[teils]] = die Kräfte (den [[Atem]]) [[verlieren]], ermattet-, erschöpft [[werden]], in [[quo]] [[non]] [[modo]] defici (den [[Atem]] [[verlieren]]), [[sed]] [[etiam]] laborare (zu [[stocken]]) [[turpe]] est, Cic. [[Brut]]. 34: [[non]] [[usque]] [[adeo]] defectum ([[esse]]) [[Germanicum]], fühle [[sich]] [[entkräftet]], Tac. ann. 2, 70: [[teils]] deficior = es gebricht mir an Befähigung [[dazu]], [[uti]] si [[quid]] de his rebus et artibus iudicare et probare [[opus]] fuerit ne deficiatur, Vitr. 1, 1, 16. – u. Partiz. [[defectus]], α) [[als]] jurist. t. t., vom [[Schuldner]] im Stiche [[gelassen]], defecta nomina, [[nicht]] [[mehr]] einzutreibende Schuldforderungen, Paul. dig. 22, 1, 11. § 1. – β) [[mangelhaft]], [[currus]] ([[weil]] ihm die Vorstecknägel [[vor]] den Rädern [[fehlen]]), Hyg. fab. 84. – γ) abgeschwächt, [[schwach]], im Kompar., in tumidis (speculis videntur) [[omnia]] defectiora, at [[contra]] in cavis auctiora, Apul. apol. 16. – insbes., [[physisch]] geschwächt, [[schwach]] ([[bes]]. [[auch]]altersschwach), ermattet, erschöpft (s. Heinse Ov. [[fast]]. 3, 674), v. Pers., [[quod]] [[sibi]] defectis [[illa]] tulisset opem, Ov.: sidera obscura attributa defectis, den Altersschwachen, Plin.: v. [[Körper]] usw. u. v. menschl. Zuständen, defectum [[corpus]], Tac.: [[homo]] defectae senectutis, ICt.: def. [[amor]], Ov. – / [[defexit]] altlat. = defecerit, [[alte]] [[Eidesformel]] [[bei]] Liv. 1, 24, 8.

}}