desum: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>dē-sum</b>: fŭi, esse (ee in deest, deesse, deerit, etc., in the poets<br /><b>I</b> per synaeresin as one syll., Lucr. 1, 44; Cat. 64, 151; Verg. G. 2, 233; id. A. 7, 262; 10, 378; Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 24; Ov. M. 15, 354 et saep.; [[praes]]. subj., desiet, [[Cato]] R. R. 8; perf., defuerunt, trisyl., Ov. M. 6, 585; fut. inf., [[commonly]] defuturum esse, as Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2, etc.; also [[defore]], id. Fam. 13, 63; Caes. B. G. 5, 56; Sil. 9, 248; imperf. subj., deforent, Ambros. Hexaem. 3, 13), v. n., to be [[away]], be [[absent]]; to [[fail]], be [[wanting]] (for syn. cf.: [[absum]], [[deficio]], [[descisco]], negligo; freq. in all periods).<br /><b>I</b> In gen.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol.: non [[ratio]], [[verum]] [[argentum]] deerat, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 69: frigore [[enim]] desunt ignes ventique calore Deficiunt, Lucr. 6, 360: cf. id. 3, 455; [[Cato]] R. R. 8: omnia deerant, quae, etc., Caes. B. G. 4, 29 fin.: [[semper]] paullum ad summam felicitatem defuisse, id. ib. 6, 43, 5: ibi [[numquam]] causas seditionum et certaminis [[defore]], Liv. 45, 18: [[quod]] non desit habentem, etc., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 52 et saep.: non desunt qui, for sunt qui, Quint. 4, 5, 11; 8, 3, 85; Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat. (so [[most]] freq.): [[metuo]] mihi in monendo ne defuerit [[oratio]], Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 3 and 4: cui [[nihil]] desit, [[quod]], etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. Lael. 14, 51: [[sive]] deest naturae [[quippiam]], [[sive]] abundat [[atque]] affluit, id. Div. 1, 29, 61: [[quantum]] alteri sententiae deesset animi, [[tantum]] alteri superesse, Caes. B. C. 2, 31; so, opp. superesse, Cic. Fam. 13, 63; cf. opp. superare, Sall. C. 20, 11: neu desint epulis rosae, Hor. Od. 1, 36, 15; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58 et saep.: hoc unum ad pristinam fortunam Caesari defuit, Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.; cf. id. B. C. 3, 2, 2; 3, 96, 2. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in: ut [[neque]] in Antonio deesset hic [[ornatus]] orationis, [[neque]] in Crasso redundaret, Cic. de Or. 3, 4 fin.; id. Rep. 2, 33: in C. Laenio commendando, id. Fam. 13, 63 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With inf. ([[poet]]. and in postAug. [[prose]]): et mihi non desunt turpes pendere corollae, Prop. 1, 16, 7; Sil. 6, 10; Tac. H. 4, 1 al.—（ε) With [[quominus]]: duas sibi res, [[quominus]] in [[vulgus]] et in [[foro]] diceret, defuisse, Cic. Rep. 3, 30 fin. (ap. Non. 262, 23); Tac. A. 14, 39.—（ζ) With [[quin]]: [[nihil]] contumeliarum defuit, [[quin]] subiret, Suet. Ner. 45.—（η) With ut: non defuit, ut, etc., [[Capitol]]. Gord. III. 31.—<br /><b>II</b> Pregn., to [[fail]], be [[wanting]] in one's [[duty]], as in [[rendering]] [[assistance]], etc.; not to [[assist]] or [[serve]], to [[desert]] one, to [[neglect]] a [[person]] or [[thing]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat.: [[tantum]] [[enitor]], ut [[neque]] amicis [[neque]] [[etiam]] alienioribus [[opera]], consilio, labore desim, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 17; cf. id. Mur. 4 fin.: ne [[tibi]] desis, [[that]] [[you]] be not [[wanting]] to [[yourself]], [[neglect]] not [[your]] [[own]] [[advantage]], id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; id. Fam. 5, 12, 2; cf. Hor. S. 1, 9, 56; 2, 1, 17; 1, 4, 134: senatu reique publicae, Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3 sq.: communi saluti nulla in re, id. B. G. 5, 33, 2: Timotheo de [[fama]] dimicanti, Nep. Timoth. 4, 3: huic rei, Caes. B. C. 3, 93, 2: negotio, id. ib. 2, 41, 3: decori vestro, Cic. Rep. 6, 24: [[officio]] et dignitati meae, id. Att. 7, 17, 4; Liv. 3, 50: [[tempori]], id. 21, 27; cf.: occasioni temporis, Caes. B. C. 3, 79 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Without dat.: non deest reipublicae [[consilium]] ... nos, nos, [[dico]] aperte, consules desumus, Cic. Cat. 1, 1 fin.; id. Rep. 3, 21: qui non deerat in causis, id. Brut. 34, 130: nec deerat [[Ptolemaeus]], Tac. H. 1, 22 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[fall]] [[short]] of, [[miss]], [[fail]] to [[obtain]]: ne [[quis]] desit gratiae Dei, Vulg. Heb. 12, 15.

{{Georges

|georg=dē-[[sum]], fuī, [[esse]], [[fort]]-, [[weg]] [[sein]], [[fehlen]], [[abgehen]], v. Dingen, die gleichs. das [[Maß]] [[noch]] [[voll]] [[machen]] u. an denen [[uns]] [[viel]] [[gelegen]] ist, I) im allg.: [[aliquando]] [[superest]] [[sanguis]], [[aliquando]] [[deest]], Sen.: [[non]] [[ratio]], [[verum]] [[argentum]] [[deerat]], Ter.: [[omnia]] deerant, [[quae]] etc., Caes.: [[non]] desunt, [[qui]], Plin. u. Quint.: [[non]] defuit [[quod]] responderetur; [[deerat]] [[qui]] daret [[responsum]], Liv. 3, 50, 16. – [[mit]] Dat., [[sive]] [[deest]] naturae [[quippiam]] [[sive]] abundat [[atque]] affluit, Cic.: [[cui]] [[nihil]] desit, [[quod]] [[quidem]] [[natura]] desiderat, Cic.: ne superesse [[mihi]] verba putes, [[quae]] dixeram defutura, Cic.: [[hoc]] unum, si [[nihil]] utilitatis habebat, abfuit, si [[opus]] erat, defuit, Cic.: [[tibi]] nullum [[officium]] a me ([[von]] [[meiner]] [[Seite]]) defuit, Cic.: [[hoc]] unum ad pristinam fortunam Caesari defuit, Caes.: temporibus Augusti dicendis [[non]] defuere decora ingenia, Tac. ann. 1, 1. – m. in u. Abl., ut [[neque]] in Antonio deesset [[hic]] [[ornatus]] orationis, [[neque]] in Crasso redundaret, Cic.: desunt (verba) in M. Laenio commendando, Cic. – [[mit]] folg. Infin. (vgl. Ruhnken Rutil. Lup. 2, 18. p. 132), m. vorhergeh. allgem. Pronom., [[hoc]] [[adhuc]] defuerat [[tibi]] lugere vivos, das hatte dir [[noch]] gefehlt, daß du Lebende [[betrauern]] mußtest, Sen.: [[ohne]] [[Pronomen]], tum [[tibi]] [[non]] desit faciem componere pugnae, Tibull.: et [[mihi]] [[non]] desunt turpes pendere corollae, Prop.: [[nec]] cernere [[deerat]] lumina, [[man]] konnte [[sehen]], Sil. – id od. [[hoc]] [[deest]] m. folg. ut u. Konj., das fehlt [[noch]], daß usw., id [[enim]] [[deerat]], ut templa reciperent, quas [[aut]] [[carcer]] [[aut]] [[lupanar]] eiecit, Sen. contr. 1, 2, 2 (vgl. 1, 3, 1): [[hoc]] [[prorsus]] [[fabulis]] [[deerat]], ut etc., Sen. contr. 1, 7, 5: [[hoc]] defuit unum Fabricio, patriam ut rhombi memoraret et annos, Iuven. 4, 128: u. [[non]] [[deest]] (es kann [[nicht]] [[fehlen]]), m. folg. ut u. Konj., [[nec]] defuit, ut [[senatus]] de his rebus falleretur, Spart. Gord. 31, 2. – deesse u. [[non]] deesse m. folg. [[quominus]] u. Konj., [[duas]] [[sibi]] [[res]], [[quominus]] in [[vulgus]] et in [[foro]] diceret, defuisse, Cic. – u. [[nihil]] [[deest]] m. folg. [[quin]] u. Konj., si [[tibi]] [[ipsi]] [[nihil]] [[deest]], [[quod]] in forensibus civilibusque rebus versetur, [[quin]] scias, Cic.: [[nihil]] contumeliarum defuit, [[quin]] subiret, es fehlte keine Beschimpfung, die er [[nicht]] erfuhr, Suet. – II) insbes., in bestimmter [[Absicht]] [[bei]] etw. [[fehlen]], A) [[mit]] seiner [[Gegenwart]] = [[bei]] [[etwas]] [[nicht]] [[gegenwärtig]] [[sein]], an [[etwas]] [[nicht]] [[teilnehmen]], convivio, Cic.: [[bello]], Cic. – B) [[mit]] seiner [[Tätigkeit]] = jmdm. od. [[einer]] [[Sache]] [[mit]] seinem Beistande [[sich]] [[versagen]], ihn im Stiche [[lassen]], jmdm. seinen [[Beistand]] [[entziehen]], ihn [[nicht]] [[unterstützen]], es [[bei]] etw. an [[sich]] [[fehlen]] [[lassen]], [[etwas]] [[vernachlässigen]], [[verabsäumen]], [[unbefriedigt]] [[lassen]] (Ggstz. [[adesse]] alci; vgl. Haase zu Reisigs Vorl. § 175. A. 326. Oud. Schol. in Cic. ep. p. 66. Fritzsche Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 9, 56 u. [[[für]] [[Tacitus]]] Heräus Tac. hist. 1, 22), [[neque]] amicis [[neque]] [[etiam]] alienioribus operā, consilio, labore deesse, Cic.: [[nullo]] [[loco]] deesse alci, [[überall]] [[dienen]], Cic.: [[sibi]], [[sich]] im Lichte [[stehen]], seinen [[Vorteil]] [[vernachlässigen]], [[sich]] [[schaden]], Cic.: [[haud]] [[sibi]], Hor.: deesse [[mihi]] nolui, [[nichts]] [[verabsäumen]], Cic. – [[huic]] [[rei]] [[non]] d., es [[dabei]] an [[sich]] [[nicht]] [[fehlen]] [[lassen]], [[bei]] der [[Hand]] [[sein]], Caes.: [[non]] d. negotio, es [[nicht]] an [[sich]] [[fehlen]] [[lassen]], Caes. – [[officio]], Cic.: [[tempori]], Liv., occasioni temporis, Caes.: [[rei]] publicae, Cic.: Caesaris laudi, Cic.: [[huic]] vestro [[tanto]] studio audiendi [[numquam]], Cic.: nulla in re communi saluti, Caes. – [[non]] deesse m. folg. Infin. od. m. folg. [[quin]] od. [[quominus]] m. Konj. = es [[nicht]] [[fehlen]] [[lassen]], [[nicht]] [[ermangeln]], [[nicht]] [[verfehlen]], [[nec]] [[deerat]] [[ipse]] lacrimis misericordiam elicere, Tac.: [[nec]] sperare [[sibi]] et deposcere primi deerant imperia, Sil.: deesse [[mihi]] nolui, [[quin]] te admonerem, Cic.: se [[nullo]] [[loco]] [[nec]] tempore defuisse, [[quin]], [[ubi]] hostium [[arma]] concrepuissent, eo quantā maximā posset celeritate tenderet, Liv.: [[nec]] defuit [[Polyclitus]], [[quominus]] ingenti agmine Italiae Galliaeque [[gravis]], militibus [[quoque]] [[terribilis]] incederet, Tac. – absol., [[nos]] consules desumus, [[lassen]] es an [[uns]] [[fehlen]], Cic.: [[non]] [[deerat]] in causis, Cic. – / ee in [[deest]], deesse, deerit, [[deerat]], deero etc. [[bei]] Dichtern [[als]] eine [[lange]] [[Silbe]] [[gemessen]], [[aber]] in Inschriften [[auch]] zB. derunt geschrieben, s. [[Laud]]. [Turiae] (Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 1527) 2, 58; vgl. Vel. Long. 2227 P. = 65, 4 K. u. Fritzsche Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 9, 56. – Perf. defuĕrunt [[gemessen]], Ov. [[met]]. 6, 585. – archaist. Konj. Präs. desiet, [[Cato]] r. r. 8, 1. – Infin. [[Fut]]. Nbf. [[defore]] = defuturum [[esse]], Cic. de leg. agr. 2, 90: Konj. Imperf. deforet = deesset, Paulin. in Augustin. epist. 24, 3. Ambros. de off. 1, 40, 195 u. 2, 4, 13: deforent = deessent, Ambros. hexaëm. 3, 13, 55. Vgl. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 209.

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