necessarius: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>nĕcessārĭus</b>: a, um, adj. (<br /><b>I</b> comp. necessarior, Tert. Patient. 11; id. Test. Anim. 4 al.) [[necesse]], [[unavoidable]], [[inevitable]], indispensable, [[needful]], [[requisite]], [[necessary]]: necessarium ait esse [[Opilius]] [[Aurelius]], in quo non [[sit]] cessandum, aut [[sine]] quo vivi non possit: aut [[sine]] quo non [[bene]] vivatur: aut [[quod]] non possit prohiberi, [[quin]] fiat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: [[necessarius]] et [[fatalis]], opp. [[voluntarius]], Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 9; cf.: id [[quod]] imperatur necessarium; illud, [[quod]] permittitur, voluntarium est, id. Inv. 2, 49, 145: necessaria [[conclusio]], id. Top. 16, 60: leges fatales et necessariae, id. Univ. 12: omnia quae sint ad vivendum necessaria, id. Off. 1, 4, 11: senatori necessarium est, nōsse rem publicam, id. Leg. 3, 18, 41.—So [[without]] dat., = [[necesse]] est: ne tam necessarium [[quidem]] est [[male]] meritis [[quam]] [[optime]] referre [[quod]] debeas, id. [[post]] Red. ad Quir. 9, 22: [[castra]] ponere necessarium [[visum]] est, Liv. 21, 58, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 37, 3; Gai. Inst. 3, 216: necessariā re [[coactus]], by [[necessity]], Caes. B. C. 1, 40: [[quod]] tam [[necessario]] tempore ab iis non sublevetur, [[time]] of [[need]] or [[necessity]], id. B. G. 1, 16: cum longius [[necessario]] procederent, [[farther]] [[than]] [[was]] [[necessary]], [[too]] [[far]], id. ib. 7, 16: res [[magis]] necessariae, Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145: res [[maxime]] necessaria, id. Fam. 2, 6, 2: necessarior [[medela]], Tert. Patient. 11: necessarior [[sententia]], id. Test. Anim. 4: necessariores operas, id. Cult. Tem. 1, 5; id. Res. Carn. 31: aliquid [[necessarius]], id. Carn. Christ. 7 med.—Subst.: nĕcessā-rĭa, ōrum, n., the necessaries of [[life]]: [[Persae]] armis positis ad necessaria ex [[proximo]] vico ferenda discurrunt, Curt. 5, 12, 6: [[plebes]] sic adcensa uti ... sua necessaria [[post]] illius honorem ducerent, Sall. J. 73, 6; Front. Strat. 3, 14, 4.—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.: necessariae partes, the [[private]] parts, Gai. Inst. 3, § 193.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., [[connected]] [[with]] [[another]] by [[natural]] or [[moral]] ties (of [[blood]], [[friendship]], clientship), belonging, [[related]], [[connected]], [[bound]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Adj.: cum utrique sis [[maxime]] [[necessarius]], Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A: [[victoria]] hominis necessarii, of a [[friend]], Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2; so, [[homo]], of a [[father]]-in-[[law]], Nep. Dat. 6: ut a latronibus redimeret necessarias mulieri personas, Dig. 24, 3, 21: [[necessarius]] [[heres]] = [[suus]] [[heres]], the [[natural]] [[heir]], [[who]] [[was]] in the [[potestas]] of the [[deceased]] (opp. to [[heres]] [[extraneus]]), Gai. Inst. 2, 37; 3, 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subst.: nĕ-cessārĭus, i, m., a [[relation]], [[relative]], [[kinsman]], [[connection]], [[friend]], [[client]], [[patron]] (cf. [[necessitudo]], II.; syn.: [[familiaris]], [[intimus]]): necessarii sunt, ut [[Gallus]] [[Aelius]] ait, qui aut cognati aut affines sunt, in quos necessaria officia conferuntur [[praeter]] ceteros, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.; [[necessarius]] [[angustus]], a [[very]] [[near]] [[relative]], Fragm. Jur. Civ. p. 86 Mai.: L. [[Torquatus]] [[meus]] [[familiaris]] ac [[necessarius]], Cic. Sull. 1, 2: in iis necessariis, qui [[tibi]] a patre relicti sunt, me [[tibi]] esse vel conjunctissimum, id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: nĕcessārĭa, ae, f., a [[female]] [[relative]] or [[friend]]: [[virgo]] Vestalis hujus propinqua et necessaria, id. Mur. 35, 73: Cerelliae, necessariae meae, rem commendavi [[tibi]], id. Fam. 13, 72, 1.—Hence, adv.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nĕcessārĭē ([[rare]]), [[unavoidably]], [[necessarily]]: [[necessarie]] demonstrari, Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44: comparato [[cibo]], Val. Max. 7, 6, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nĕcessārĭō (the [[most]] [[usual]] form): [[necessario]] reviviscere, Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5: quibuscum [[vivo]] [[necessario]], id. ib. 5, 21, 1: [[quod]] [[necessario]] rem Caesari enuntiārit, Caes. B. G. 1, 17: copias parat, Sall. J. 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 29; 5, 10, 80; Lact. 2, 12.

{{Georges

|georg=necessārius, a, um ([[necesse]]), I) [[unumgänglich]], [[unvermeidlich]], [[unausweichlich]], notdringend, [[notwendig]], [[dringend]], zwingend, [[unentbehrlich]], [[durchaus]] [[erforderlich]], 1) adi.: [[mors]], der unvermeidliche (der natürliche), Cic.: [[casus]], Cic.: [[lex]], Cic.: rogationes, notgedrungene, Cic.: [[res]], [[Notwendigkeit]], Cic.: [[tempus]], Caes. u. Cic.: necessariae partes, die Geschlechtsteile, [[Gaius]] inst. 3, 193; [[dafür]] [[necessaria]] et muliebria [[loca]], Firm. math. 4, 18: [[non]] [[necessaria]] [[alea]], Liv.: Compar., membra corporis necessariora, Ambros. de off. 1, 18, 78: necessarior [[medela]], Tert. de patient. 11: necessarior [[sententia]], Tert. de test. anim. 4. – [[necessarius]] [[aliquid]] afferre, Tert. de carn. Chr. 7. – [[mit]] ad u. Akk., quorum [[etsi]] necessariae partes sunt ad [[ministerium]], [[Front]]. aqu. 2: [[causa]] [[necessaria]] ad proficiscendum, Caes. b. G. 1, 39, 3: [[omnia]], [[quae]] sint ad vivendum [[necessaria]], Cic. de off. 1, 11. – m. Dat., [[haec]] eloquendi praecepta cogitationi sunt [[necessaria]], Quint.: [[quod]] [[mihi]] [[maxime]] necessarium, [[dringend]] am Herzen liegt, Cic. – m. 2. Supin., [[ubi]] [[aliquid]] necessarium dictu, Aquil. Rom. § 1. – necessarium est m. Infin., zB. [[hoc]] [[quod]] est, id necessarium est perpeti, Plaut. rud. 252: [[nec]]. est admoneri et habere aliquem advocatum bonae [[mentis]], Sen. ep. 94, 59: cum ipsum dicere [[numquam]] sit [[non]] ineptum [[nisi]] est necessarium, Cic. de or. 1, 112: [[quam]] (rationem inveniendi) per omnes numeros [[penitus]] cognoscere ad summam scientiae necessarium est, Quint. 8. prooem. § 1: necessarium [[visum]] est m. folg. Infin., [[loco]] [[castra]] ponere n. [[visum]] est, Liv. 21, 58, 6: u. alci necessarium est m. Infin., senatori necessarium est [[nosse]] rem publicam, Cic. de legg. 3, 41 (vgl. Cic. [[Brut]]. 112): [[haec]] necessarium fuit praeloqui dicturo de [[tonitru]], Sen. nat. qu. 2, 11, 3: necessarium est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., [[non]] [[minus]] necessarium [[esse]] existimavit de [[repentino]] adventu Caesaris Pompeium fieri certiorem, Caes. b. c. 3, 11, 1; vgl. Plin. 3, 46. – necessarium est m. folg. ut u. Konj., [[nam]] ut [[dilucide]] probabiliterque narremus necessarium est, Cic. part. or. 31. – 2) subst.: a) necessāriī, ōrum, m., die Hauptbeteiligten, Suet. Tib. 62, 1. – b) necessāria, ōrum, n., α) das Notwendige (Ggstz. [[non]] [[necessaria]]), Cic. top. 69. – β) die (notwendigen) Bedürfnisse, die Lebensbedürfnisse, [[Lebensmittel]], Sall. Iug. 73, 6. Curt. 5, 12 (33), 6. Cels. 3, 22. p. 110, 12 D. Frontin. strat. 3, 14, 4. – II) übtr.: a) [[durch]] [[Verwandtschaft]], Klientschaft, [[Freundschaft]] verknüpft, verbunden, [[verwandt]], befreundet, [[homo]] [[tam]] [[necessarius]], Nep.: [[mors]] hominis necessarii, eines Freundes, Mat. in Cic. ep.: n. [[heres]], natürlicher [[Erbe]], ICt. – subst., [[ein]] Verwandter, [[Freund]], [[Klient]], [[Patron]], propinqua et [[necessaria]], Anverwandte, Cic.: necessarii, [[Schutzverwandte]], Cic. u. Caes.: [[familiaris]] ac [[necessarius]] (Ggstz. [[alienus]]), Cic.: necessarii provinciae, Patrone, Cic.: [[Caerellia]], [[necessaria]] mea, Cic. – b) übh. in inniger [[Verbindung]], in engem Zusammenhange [[mit]] etw. [[stehend]], restat [[locus]] [[huic]] disputationi [[vel]] [[maxime]] [[necessarius]] de [[amicitia]], Cic. de fin. 1, 65.

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