nervus: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>nervus</b>: i, m. [[root]] snar-; Old Germ. snara, a [[snare]]; Gr. [[νεῦρον]]; cf. [[parvus]] and [[παῦρος]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[sinew]], [[tendon]], [[nerve]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: his adde nervos, a quibus [[artus]] continentur, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139: hoc nervos confirmari putant, Caes. B. G. 6, 20: [[nervus]] qui [[platys]] appellatur, Plin. 26, 8, 58, § 90: hic [[primum]] nervos et venas expressit (of [[Pythagoras]] the [[painter]]), id. 34, 8, 19, § 59: nervorum [[contractio]], Sen. Ep. 66, 40: nervi quos τένοντας [[Graeci]] appellant, Cels. 8, 1: condamus [[alter]] alterum in nervum bracchialem, [[let]] us [[embrace]], Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 99.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I. q. [[membrum]] [[virile]], Hor. Epod. 12, 19; Juv. 10, 205; 9, 35; pl. nervi, Petr. 131, §§ 4 and 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[string]] of a [[musical]] [[instrument]]: omnes voces, ut nervi in fidibus, ita sonant, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216: cotidiano cantu vocum et nervorum et tibiarum tota [[vicinitas]] personat, id. Rosc. Am. 46, 134; Verg. A. 9, 776; Hor. C. 3, 11, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[bowstring]]: reciproca tendens nervo equino concita [[tela]], Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 80 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.): nervoque [[obversus]] equino Contendit [[telum]], Verg. A. 9, 622: nervo aptare sagittas, id. ib. 10, 131: erumpit nervo pulsante [[sagitta]], id. G. 4, 313; so Val. Fl. 6, 376; 1, 437; Luc. 7, 141.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> A [[bow]]: aliquem fallere nervo, Val. Fl. 3, 182.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[leather]] [[with]] [[which]] shields were [[covered]]: [[scuta]] nervo firmata, Tac. A. 2, 14; Sil. 4, 293.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[thong]] [[with]] [[which]] a [[person]] [[was]] [[bound]], Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 11; Veg. Mil. 4, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The cords or wires by [[which]] a [[puppet]] is moved: duceris ut nervis alienis [[mobile]] [[lignum]], Hor. S. 2, 7, 82.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>7</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[fetter]]: nervum appellamus [[etiam]] ferreum [[vinculum]], quo [[pedes]] impediuntur: [[quamquam]] [[Plautus]] eo [[etiam]] cervices vinciri ait: Perfidiose [[captus]] [[edepol]] nervo cervices probat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.: VINCITO AVT NERVO, AVT COMPEDIBVS, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1: in nervo [[atque]] compedibus aetatem agunt, [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 11, 18, 18; cf. Plaut. As. 3, 2, 5: posuit in nervo [[pedes]] meos, Vulg. Job, 33, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> A [[prison]]: in nervum aliquem rapere, Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 45: in nervo jacebis, id. Curc. 5, 3, 40; cf. id. Capt. 3, 5, 71: [[vereor]] ne [[istaec]] [[fortitudo]] in nervum erumpat [[denique]], [[will]] [[lay]] [[you]] by the heels, [[bring]] [[you]] [[into]] [[durance]], Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 10; 4, 4, 15: eximere de nervo aliquem, Liv. 6, 15, 9: misit in nervum, Vulg. Jer. 20, 2.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Nerve, [[vigor]], [[force]], [[power]], [[strength]]: digna res est ubi tu nervos intendas tuos, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20: [[onus]] ... dignum, in quo omnes nervos aetatis industriaeque meae contenderem, Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35: omnibus nervis mihi contendendum est, ut, etc., id. ib. 2, 3, 56, § 130: opibus ac nervis ad perniciem suam uti, Caes. B. G. 1, 20; Cic. Phil. 5, 12, 32: nervi belli [[pecunia]], id. ib. 5, 2, 5: vectigalia nervos esse rei publicae, id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17: legionum nervos incidere, id. Phil. 12, 3, 8: poëtae molliunt animos, nervos omnes virtutis elidunt, id. Tusc. 2, 11, 27: [[video]], [[fore]] nervis [[opus]] sapientiāque tuā, id. Fam. 3, 10, 1: loci inhaerentes in nervis causarum, [[intimately]] [[connected]] [[with]] [[them]], id. de Or. 3, 27, 106: nervi conjurationis, the leaders, Liv. 7, 39, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., of [[expression]], [[force]], [[energy]]: horum [[oratio]] [[neque]] nervos, [[neque]] aculeos oratorios ac forenses habet, Cic. Or. 19, 62; cf. id. de Or. 3, 21, 80: nervi in dicendo, id. ib. 2, 22, 91: sectantem levia nervi Deficiunt, Hor. A. P. 26.

{{Georges

|georg=nervus, ī, m. ([[νεῦρον]]), die [[Sehne]], [[Flechse]], gew. Plur. nervi, die [[Sehnen]] u. Flechsen (ligamenta), die Muskeln, die Nerven (die [[jedoch]] die Alten [[noch]] zu [[Celsus]]' [[Zeit]] [[nicht]] [[als]] Organe der [[Empfindung]] u. [[Bewegung]] gekannt zu [[haben]] [[scheinen]]), I) eig. u. übtr.: A) eig.: nervorum [[distentio]], Nervenzufälle (Krämpfe), nervorum [[resolutio]], [[Lähmung]] der Nerven, Cels.: nervi, a quibus [[artus]] continentur, Cic.: nervi in omne [[corpus]] ducuntur, Cels.: [[nervus]] [[umbilicaris]], die Nabelschnur, Tert.: nervos et venas exprimere (v. einem [[Maler]]), Plin.: digitorum nervos incīdere, Lampr.: scherzh., condamus [[alter]] alterum [[ergo]] in nervom bracchialem, [[umarmen]] [[wir]] [[einander]], Plaut. Poen. 1269. – B) übtr.: 1) das männliche [[Glied]], Hor. epod. 12, 19: dass. Plur. nervi, Petron. 131. § 4 u. 6. – 2) die aus Tiersehnen, aus Därmen gemachte [[Saite]], [[Darmsaite]], nervorum [[sonus]] in fidibus, Cic.: nervos pellere ([[rühren]]), Cic.: numeros intendere nervis, Verg.: cantu nervorum et tibiarum tota [[vicinitas]] personat, Cic.: tu... duceris ut nervis alienis mobile [[lignum]], du bist eine bloße [[Marionette]], Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 7, 82. – 3) die [[Sehne]] [[des]] Bogens, Verg. u. Ov.: dah. meton., der [[Bogen]], Val. Flacc. 3, 182. – 4) die [[Rindshaut]], das [[Leder]], [[womit]] die Schilde überzogen waren, Tac. ann. 2, 14. Sil. 4, 291 (293). – 5) [[ein]] [[Riemen]], [[mit]] dem [[jemand]] gefesselt wird, Plaut. u. Veget. mil. – dah. übh. = [[Bande]], Fesseln, nervo [[vinctus]], Plaut.: nervo [[aut]] compedibus vinciri, [[mit]] [[Hand]]- od. Fußfesseln, Gell. – u. = [[Gefängnis]], [[Haft]], in nervo iacēre, Plaut.: in nervis teneri, Liv.: eximere de nervo cives vestros, Liv.: [[vereor]], ne [[istaec]] [[fortitudo]] in nervum erumpat [[denique]], daß du [[mit]] deiner [[Tapferkeit]] ins [[Loch]] gesteckt wirst, Ter. – II) bildl.: A) die [[Sehne]], der [[Nerv]] [[als]] [[Sitz]] der [[Kraft]] u. [[Stärke]], 1) im allg.: dignum [[onus]], in [[quo]] omnes nervos aetatis industriaeque meae contenderem, Cic.: omnibus nervis [[mihi]] contendendum est, ut etc., Cic.: quibus opibus ac nervis ad gratiam minuendam uteretur, Caes.: experietur consentientis [[senatus]] nervos [[atque]] [[vires]], Cic.: [[qui]] si attulerint nervos et industriam excutient [[tibi]] istam verborum iactationem, Cic. – 2) insbes., die [[Kraft]], der [[Nachdruck]] der [[Rede]], nervi oratorii, Cic., sectantem levia nervi deficiunt [[atque]] animi, bleibt [[kraft]]- u. [[geistlos]], Hor. – B) die [[Sehnen]], Nerven [[als]] [[Spannkraft]], [[Lebenskraft]], Haupttriebfedern, Hauptorgane, das [[innerste]] [[Wesen]], omnes nervos virtutis elidere, Cic.: nervos omnes [[urbis]] exsecare, Cic.: legionum nostrarum nervos [[nonne]] his consiliis incīdimus? Cic.: vectigalia [[esse]] nervos [[rei]] publicae, Cic.: hosti largiri... nervos belli, pecuniam infinitam, quā [[nunc]] eget, Cic.: nervos coniurationis eiectos, Liv.: [[illi]] loci, [[qui]] inhaerentes in earum (causarum) nervis [[esse]] debent, [[einen]] organischen [[Bestandteil]] derselben [[bilden]] [[müssen]], Cic.

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