occido: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>occīdo</b>: (obc-), cīdi, cīsum, 3 (occisit for occiderit, Lex Num. Pompil. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. occisum. pp. 178 and 179; also Lex XII. Tab. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4), v. a. ob-[[caedo]],<br /><b>I</b> to [[strike]] [[down]], [[strike]] to the [[ground]]; to [[beat]], [[smash]], [[crush]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen. ([[very]] [[rare]]): aliquem pugnis, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20: occare id est comminuere, ne [[sit]] [[glaeba]]: [[quod]] ita occidunt, occare [[dictum]], to [[crush]], Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1: occisum ad mortem, wounded to [[death]], Vulg. Apoc. 13, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., to [[strike]] or [[cut]] [[down]]; to [[cut]] [[off]], [[kill]], [[slay]] ([[class]]. and [[very]] freq.; syn.: [[interficio]], [[trucido]], [[obtrunco]]): [[summus]] ibi capitur [[meddix]]: occiditur [[alter]], Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.): L. [[Virginius]] filiam suā manu occidit, Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66: ejus copias, id. Phil. 14, 14, 36: [[ipse]] pro castris fortissime pugnans occiditur, Caes. B. G. 5, 36: occidione occidere, to [[completely]] [[cut]] [[off]], [[destroy]]; v. [[occidio]]: ad unum omnes, to [[cut]] [[off]] all to the [[last]] [[man]], Liv. 3, 23: aliquem [[veneno]], to [[destroy]] [[with]] [[poison]], Suet. Claud. 44; Just. 3, 2, 1: [[occisus]] videtur non [[tantum]] qui per vim aut per caedem [[interfectus]] est, [[velut]] jugulatus ... sed et is qui [[veneno]] Necatus dicitur, Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 2 sqq.; cf.: et occidet eum [[lingua]] viperae, Vulg. Job, 20, 16: occisa sunt in terrae motu, id. Apoc. 11, 13: dedistine ei [[gladium]] qui se occideret? Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92: cum [[ipse]] se conaretur occidere, Cic. ap. Quint. 5, 10, 69; so, se occidere, Curt. 6, 10, 18; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Suet. Vit. 10; Eutr. 1, 8; 6, 24; Lact. 3, 18, 8; cf.: occidit, adversariumne? [[immo]] [[vero]] aiunt se et eum, quem defendit, Cic. de Or. 2, 74, 302.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> To [[plague]] to [[death]]; to [[torture]], [[torment]], [[pester]] (cf. [[exanimo]], II. B.; [[very]] [[rare]]; not in Cic. or Cæs.): occidis me, cum [[istuc]] rogitas, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 21: aliā occidis fabulā, id. Men. 5, 5, 23: occidis [[saepe]] rogando, Hor. Epod. 14, 5: legendo, id. A. P. 475.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[ruin]], [[undo]]: occidisti me tuis fallaciis, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 67.—Hence, oc-cīsus, a, um, P. a., [[ruined]], [[lost]], [[unfortunate]], [[undone]] (Plautin.): occisa est haec res, [[nisi]], etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 7.—Sup.: occisissimus [[sum]] omnium, qui vivunt, I am the [[most]] [[unfortunate]], Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 53.<br /><b>occĭdo</b>: cĭdi, cāsum, 3, v. n. obcado,<br /><b>I</b> to [[fall]] [[down]], [[fall]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen. ([[rare]]): et [[alia]] Signa de [[caelo]] ad terram occidunt, Plaut. Rud. prol. 8: ut alii [[super]] alios occiderent, Liv. 21, 35: arbores ita inciderant, ut momento levi impulsae occiderent, id. 23, 24.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of the [[heavenly]] bodies, to go [[down]], [[set]] ([[class]].): [[prope]] jam occidente [[sole]], Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24: soles occidere, et redire possunt: Nobis, cum [[semel]] occidit [[brevis]] lux, Nox est perpetua una dormienda, Cat. 5, 4: Capra, [[Aquila]], Canicula, Col. 11, 2, 94: occasura [[pars]] caeli, i. e. [[western]], Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, i. e. sundown, [[sunset]], Lex XII. Tab.; cf. Gell. 17, 2, 10 (Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Müll., gives, [[instead]] of it, OCCASVS SOLIS; v. 2. [[occasus]]); so, [[ante]] solem obcasum, [[before]] [[sunset]], Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 41: [[donec]] lux occidat, Juv. 13, 158.—Fig.: non occidet [[ultra]] sol [[tuus]], Vulg. Isa. 60, 20.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pregn., to [[fall]], [[perish]], [[die]] ([[class]].; syn.: [[obeo]], [[pereo]], [[intereo]]): exstincto calore, occidimus ipsi et extinguimur, Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23: in [[bello]], id. Fam. 9, 5, 2: [[Eudemus]] proelians ad Syracusas occidit, id. Div. 1, 25, 53: sperans hostium saevitiā [[facile]] eum occasurum, Sall. J. 7, 2: occiderit ferro [[Priamus]]? Verg. A. 2, 581: dextrā suā, to [[die]] by one's [[own]] [[hand]] (by [[suicide]]), id. ib. 12, 659: minimo vulnere, Ov. M. 6, 265.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., to [[perish]], be [[ruined]], [[lost]], etc.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of persons: [[sin]] [[plane]] occidimus, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4.—So, esp., occidi, an [[exclamation]] of [[despair]], I am [[lost]], [[undone]], Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 75; Ter. And. 3, 4, 26: nulla [[sum]], nulla [[sum]]: tota tota occidi, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 1: occidimus [[funditus]], Verg. A. 11, 413.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of things: non [[hercle]] occiderunt mihi [[etiam]] fundique [[atque]] [[aedes]], I [[have]] not [[yet]] [[lost]], Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 72: occidit [[spes]] nostra, is [[gone]], id. Most. 2, 1, 2: [[lumen]] (oculorum), Lucr. 3, 414: [[dolus]], Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 6: [[causa]], Lucr. 2, 790: rem publicam occidere, Cic. Dom. 30, 96: [[vita]], id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109: occidit [[ornatus]] (mundi), perishes, id. Ac. 2, 38, 119: vestra beneficia occasura esse, id. Mil. 36, 100.—Hence, occĭdens, entis, P. a.; as subst., m., the [[quarter]] of the setting [[sun]], the [[west]], the occident ([[class]].): ab oriente ad occidentem, Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164: vel occidentis [[usque]] ad [[ultimum]] [[sinum]], Hor. Epod. 1, 13: cui se [[oriens]] occidensque submiserat, Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 112: validissima in se civium [[arma]] viribus occidentis coepta, Tac. H. 2, 6: partes mundi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 339 Müll.<br /><b>occīdo</b>: for [[occedo]], q. v.

{{Georges

|georg=(1) occīdo¹, cīdī, cīsum, ere (ob u. [[caedo]]), I) zu [[Boden]] [[schlagen]], alqm pugnis, Ter. adelph. 559: alqd, [[Varro]] r. r. 1, 31 in.: übtr., cocturā occisā, [[bei]] gedämpftem, schwachem [[Feuer]], Apic. 6, 221: occisā est [[haec]] [[res]], die [[Sache]] ist verloren, [[ich]] bin verloren, Plaut. (s. Brix Plaut. Men. 411): u. so [[occisissimus]] [[sum]] omnium [[qui]] vivont, [[ich]] bin der verlorenste [[Mensch]] [[von]] allen Menschenkindern, Plaut. Cas. 694. – II) insbes., [[erschlagen]], [[niederhauen]], [[töten]], A) eig.: hominem, Cic.: hospitem, Liv.: ad unum omnes, Liv.: alqm inermem, Ov.: copias hostium, Cic.: matrem [[coram]] patre, Sen. rhet.: fratrem in conspectu patris, Sen. rhet.: [[uno]] ictu ([[mit]] einem [[Hieb]], [[Stoß]]) alqm, Plin.: u. so [[uno]] vulnere feram, Curt.: alqm manu suā, [[Flor]]., [[suis]] manibus, Cic.: alqm [[veneno]], Suet.: alqm indictā causā, Cic.: adversi ([[von]] [[vorn]]) raedarium occidunt. Cic.: [[nec]] [[postea]] cum [[illo]] panem gustare [[potui]], [[non]] si me occidisses ([[wenn]] [[man]] mich [[tot]] geschlagen hätte), Petron. – se occidere, Cic. fr., Suet. u.a.: se cultro, Aur. Vict.: se mutuis vulneribus, Aur. Vict.: se [[invicem]], Eutr. u. Serv. Verg. – absol., [[sanguis]] [[detractio]] occidit (ist [[tödlich]]), Cels.: u. so [[ictus]] colubrae occidit, Cels.: ad occidendum [[iam]] armatum [[esse]], zum Morde, Sen. contr.: defendenda [[religio]] est [[non]] occidendo, [[sed]] moriendo, Lact. – B) übtr.: [[fast]] [[töten]], [[fast]] umbringen, [[fast]] zu Tode [[martern]], alqm, [[unglücklich]] [[machen]] (Ggstz. servare), Hor.: occidisti me tuis fallaciis, Ter. – [[bes]]. [[durch]] Fragen, [[Reden]] usw., occidis me, cum [[istuc]] rogitas, Plaut.: rogando, legendo, Hor.: occidis fabulans, du bringst mich [[mit]] deinem Geschwätze um, Plaut. – / Archaist. Perf. occīsit, Lex vet. [[bei]] [[Fest]]. 178 (b), 21. XII tabb. [[lex]] VIII. fr. 11 ([[bei]] Macr. [[sat]]. 1, 4, 19). – Redupl. Perf. occididisti, Itala (Laudian.) act. apost. 2, 23.<br />'''(2)''' [[occido]]², cidī, cāsum, ere (ob u. [[cado]]), I) [[niederfallen]], [[hinfallen]], [[alia]] signa de [[caelo]] ad terram occidunt, Plaut.: [[alii]] [[super]] alios occiderunt, Liv.: arbores [[levi]] momento impulsae occidunt, Liv. – II) prägn.: A) [[fallen]] = [[umkommen]], [[untergehen]], [[sein]] [[Ende]] [[erreichen]], [[aufhören]], 1) eig.: in [[bello]], Cic.: [[ornatus]] mundi occidat, Cic.: ne sacrorum [[memoria]] occideret, Cic.: oculorum [[lumen]] occidit, Lucr.: [[quod]] si [[numquam]] oritur ([[Anfang]] hat), ne occidit (hört [[auf]]) [[quidem]] [[umquam]], Cic.: [[vita]] [[occidens]], der [[Abend]] [[des]] Lebens ([[wenn]] [[man]] am [[Abend]] [[des]] Lebens ist), Cic. – 2) übtr., [[untergehen]], [[zugrunde]] [[gehen]], verloren [[gehen]], -[[sein]], [[sin]] [[plane]] occidimus, Cic.: [[ego]] [[occidi]] planissume, Plaut.: perire [[aut]] occidere, Tac.: [[spes]] occidit, Hor.: beneficia vestra occasura [[esse]], Cic.: dah. [[occidi]], [[ich]] bin verloren, Ter.: [[occidi]] [[atque]] interii, [[ich]] bin verloren und es ist aus [[mit]] mir, Plaut. – B) v. Gestirnen usw., [[untergehen]] (Ggstz. oriri, exoriri, [[aufgehen]]), [[sol]] occidit, Liv.: ne [[luna]] occidat, Tragic. vet. inc. fr.: Capra ([[als]] [[Gestirn]]) occidit, Colum.: [[acerbus]] [[creditor]] nullum diem [[gratis]] occidere patitur, Sen.: [[utrum]] mergeretur [[Iuppiter]] an occideret an [[retrogradus]] esset, [[ante]] paucos annos didicimus, Sen. – occidente sole, [[bei]] [[Sonnenuntergang]], Cic.: ab orto [[usque]] ad occidentem solem, Liv. – [[sol]] [[occasus]], [[Sonnenuntergang]], XII tabb. fr.: sole occaso, [[nach]] S., Lucil. fr. u. Claud. Quadrig. fr.: [[ante]] solem occasum, ad solem occasum, [[post]] solem occasum, Plaut. [[Varro]] fr. u. Gell.: a sole occaso, Gell.

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