proprius: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>prō&#774;prĭus</b>: a, um, adj. etym. dub.; [[perhaps]] from [[root]] [[prae]]; cf. [[prope]],<br /><b>I</b> not [[common]] [[with]] others, one's [[own]], [[special]], [[particular]], [[proper]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[peculiaris]], [[privatus]]).<br /><b>I</b> In gen., opp. [[communis]]: nam virtutem propriam mortalibus fecit: [[cetera]] promiscue voluit communia habere, Varr. ap. Non. 361, 25: proprium et peculiare, Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 93: tria praedia Capitoni propria traduntur, to him for his [[own]], Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21: [[proprio]] sumptu edere ludos, Tac. A. 1, 15: propriā pecuniā militem juvare, id. ib. 1, 71: basilicam propriā pecuniā firmare, id. ib. 3, 72 init.; id. H. 2, 84: propria [[impensa]], Just. 12, 11, 1: propriis viribus, Liv. 2, 53: [[familia]], id. 7, 9: libri, Hor S. 1, 10, 64: [[horreum]], id. C. 1, 1, 9: [[proprio]] Marte, by his [[own]] [[bravery]], Ov. P. 4, 7, 14.—With pron. poss. ([[class]]. and freq.): ut cum ademerit nobis omnia, quae nostra erant propria, ne lucem [[quoque]] hanc, quae [[communis]] est, eripere cupiat, all [[that]] belonged [[peculiarly]] to us, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150: suā quādam propriā, non communi oratorum facultate, id. de Or. 1, 10, 44: ut redeas ad consuetudinem vel nostram communem vel tuam solius et propriam, Luc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3: omnia qui jubet esse communia, ne [[quis]] [[civis]] propriam aut suam rem ullam queat dicere, Cic. Rep 4, 5, 5; id. ap. Non. p. 362: suis propriis periculis parere [[commune]] reliquis [[otium]], id. Rep. 1, 4, 7: [[quod]] ([[periculum]]) [[autem]] [[meum]] erat proprium, id. Fam. 2, 17, 7; id. Sest. 7, 15; calamitatem aut propriam suam aut temporum queri, Caes. B. C. 3, 20.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Opp. [[alienus]], etc., one's [[own]], [[peculiar]], [[special]], [[characteristic]], [[personal]]: [[tempus]] agendi fuit mihi [[magis]] proprium [[quam]] ceteris, Cic. Sull. 3, 9: reliquae partes quales propriae sunt hominis, id. Fin. 5, 12, 35: id non proprium senectutis est [[vitium]], sed [[commune]] valetudinis, id. Sen. 11, 35: libertatem propriam Romani generis, id. Phil. 3, 11, 29: proprium id Tiberio fuit, Tac. A. 4, 19: ira, [[personal]] [[resentment]], id. ib. 2, 55.—As subst.: prō&#774;prĭ-um, i, n.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lit., a [[possession]], [[property]]: id est cujusque proprium, quo [[quisque]] fruitur [[atque]] utitur, Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2: vivere de [[proprio]], Mart. 12, 78, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop., a [[characteristic]] [[mark]], a [[sign]], [[characteristic]], etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; 2, 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 6, 23.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic., [[peculiar]], [[extraordinary]]: [[nisi]] mihi [[fortuna]] proprium [[consilium]] extorsisset, Sent. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 35, 1: superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam, Liv. 35, 33.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Lasting, [[constant]], [[permanent]], [[perpetual]] ([[class]].): illum amatorem [[tibi]] proprium futurum in vitā, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 67; Att. ap. Non. 362, 5: [[nihil]] in vitā proprium mortali datum esse, Lucil. ib. 362, 15: alicui proprium [[atque]] perpetuum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48: [[perenne]] ac proprium manere, id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9: parva munera diutina, locupletia non propria esse consueverunt, Nep. Thras. 4, 2; Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 172: deferens uni propriam laurum, id. C. 2, 2, 22; Verg. A. 6, 871: victoriam propriam se eis daturam, [[lasting]], Hirt. B. Afr. 32.—Comp., Ov. M. 12, 284; id. P. 1, 2, 152; Liv. 4, 27, 3. —Hence, adv.: proprĭē.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Specially, [[peculiarly]], [[properly]], [[strictly]] for one's [[self]] (opp. [[communiter]]; [[class]].): [[quod]] me amas, est [[tibi]] [[commune]] cum multis: [[quod]] tu [[ipse]] tam amandus es, id est [[proprie]] tuum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 1: promiscue toto (Campo Martio), [[quam]] [[proprie]] parvā parte frui malletis, for yourselves, [[individually]], [[separately]], id. Agr. 2, 31, 85.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Particularly, in [[particular]]: [[neque]] [[publice]] [[neque]] [[proprie]], Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Especially, [[eminently]], [[exclusively]]: mira sermonis, cujus [[proprie]] [[studiosus]] fuit, [[elegantia]], Quint. 10, 1, 114; cf. Vell. 2, 9, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Properly, [[accurately]], [[strictly]] [[speaking]], in the [[proper]] (not tropical) [[sense]]: [[magis]] [[proprie]] [[nihil]] [[possum]] dicere, Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77: illud [[quidem]] honestum, [[quod]] [[proprie]] vereque dicitur, id. Off. 3, 3, 13; Liv. 34, 32; 44, 22: uti verbo [[proprie]], Gell. 9, 1, 8; 2, 6, 5; 7, 11, 2; 16, 5, 1.

{{Georges

|georg=proprius, a, um (aus *[[pro]]-p(a)trios, [[also]] ›dem [[προπάτωρ]] [[gehörig]], [[von]] ihm herstammend‹), jmdm. ausschließlich [[eigen]], [[eigentümlich]], mir (dir usw.) [[allein]] angehörig, I) eig., und [[zwar]] a) im Ggstz. zu [[communis]] ([[gemeinschaftlich]]), tria [[praedia]] [[vel]] nobilissima Capitoni propria traduntur, Cic.: propriis viribus consiliisque bella gerere, Liv.: ista [[calamitas]] [[communis]] est utriusque nostrûm, [[sed]] [[culpa]] mea propria est, Cic.: [[proprio]] sumptu ludos edere, Tac.: propriā pecuniā militem iuvare, Tac.: propriā impensā [[aes]] alienum omnium solvere, Iustin.: propriā morte obire, eines natürlichen Todes [[sterben]], [[Ruf]]. [[Fest]].: u. so propriā morte mori, Firm.: [[omnia]] ex [[proprio]] usu agere, eigennützig [[handeln]], Vell. – [[oft]] [[mit]] dem Pronom. poss. verb., [[proprius]] et [[suus]], [[suus]] et [[proprius]], [[auch]] [[suus]] [[proprius]], [[noster]] [[proprius]], s. Jordan Cic. Caecin. p. 221. Moser und Osann Cic. de rep. 1, 7. – u. [[proprius]] [[aut]] [[suus]], s. [[Cic]]. de rep. 4, 5. – b) im Ggstz. zu [[aliunde]] [[sumptus]] (entlehnt) u. [[alienus]] (einem anderen angehörig, [[fremd]]), assumpto [[aliunde]] [[uti]] bono, [[non]] [[proprio]], [[non]] [[suo]], Cic.: [[familia]] pr., Liv.: [[horreum]] pr., Hor.: [[cultello]] proprios purgare ungues, Hor.: et propria studia [[verecunde]] et aliena [[callide]] aestimare, Val. Max. – subst., [[proprium]], iī, n., das Eigene, das [[Eigentum]] (Ggstz. alienum), Phaedr., Mart. u.a.: Plur., propria (das [[Eigentum]]) retinere, Amm.: ad propria remeare od. reverti, [[nach]] Hause zurückehren, Amm.<br />'''II)''' übtr.: A) im allg., [[einer]] einzelnen [[Person]] od. [[Sache]] [[eigen]], a) [[eigentümlich]], [[individuell]], [[persönlich]], [[charakteristisch]], [[wesentlich]], [[bei]] jmd. od. [[etwas]] [[gewöhnlich]] (Ggstz. [[communis]], [[universus]]), at id [[non]] [[proprium]] est senectutis [[vitium]], [[sed]] [[commune]] valetudinis, Cic.: [[sic]] [[enim]] est faciendum, ut [[contra]] universam naturam [[nihil]] contendamus, eā [[tamen]] conservatā propriam naturam sequamur, Cic.: [[libertas]] propria [[Romani]] et generis et nominis, Cic.: id [[quod]] [[primum]] [[atque]] huius imperii disciplinaeque maiorum [[proprium]] est, Cic. – [[mit]] Pronom. poss. verb., suā quādam propriā facultate (Ggstz. communi oratorum), Cic.: tua solius et propria [[consuetudo]] (Ggstz. nostra, [[communis]]), Luccei. in Cic. ep. – m. [[peculiaris]] verb., Caesari [[proprium]] et peculiare sit clementiae [[insigne]], [[quod]] etc., Plin.: propria ac peculiaria huius [[urbis]] vitia, Tac. – m. [[vernaculus]] verb., [[haec]] propria ac vernacula vitia, Tac. – dah. [[proprium]] est alcis [[mit]] folg. Infin. od. ut u. Konj., es ist jmdm. od. [[einer]] [[Sache]] [[eigentümlich]] = das wesentliche [[Merkmal]], -[[Kennzeichen]] jmds., es kennzeichnet jmd. od. etw., fuit [[hoc]] [[proprium]] populi [[Romani]] [[longe]] a [[domo]] bellare, Cic.: harum virtutum [[proprium]] est [[nihil]] extimescere, Cic.: [[Zeno]] censet [[artis]] [[maxime]] [[proprium]] [[esse]] creare et gignere, Cic.: [[hoc]] est epistulae [[proprium]], ut is, ad quem scribitur de his rebus, quas ignorat, certior fiat, Cic. – b) besonder, ausschließlich, [[alleinig]], [[ausdrücklich]], nulla est [[enim]] in republica [[causa]] mea propria; [[tempus]] agendi fuit [[magis]] [[mihi]] [[proprium]] [[quam]] ceteris, Cic.: pabulatoribus praesidio p oprio (zum besonderen, alleinigen Schutze [[für]] die F.) [[flumen]] transisse, Caes.: u. so [[lex]] pr., Cic.: remedia pr., Scrib. Larg.: propria ipsius [[veneratio]], Curt.: tribuni plebi, [[quasi]] proprii (alleinige) iudices et detensores, Eutr.: propriis nominibus incusant [[vallum]], Tac.: [[offensus]] urbi propriā irā, hatte [[einen]] besonderen [[Groll]] [[auf]] die St., Tac.: superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam, Liv.: [[nisi]] [[fortuna]] [[mihi]] [[proprium]] [[consilium]] extorsisset, Lentul. in Cic. ep. – dah. c) v. Wörtern, einem Begriffe [[eigentümlich]]-, [[besonders]] beigelegt, [[eigentümlich]], [[eigentlich]], translatione [[utens]] discedebat a verbis propriis rerum ac [[suis]], Cic.: u. so [[öfter]] [[verbum]] pr., Cic.: [[nomen]] pr., Cic. u. (Ggstz. tralaticium) [[Varro]] LL. u. (Ggstz. appellativum) Gramm. B) insbes., gleichs. [[als]] bleibendes [[Eigentum]] angehörig = bleibend, [[beständig]], [[unvergänglich]], a) v. Lebl., munera (Ggstz. diutina), Nep. u. Hor.: [[quies]], Sisenn. fr.: voluptates, Ter.: [[nil]] [[esse]] [[proprium]] quoiquam, Ter. (u. so [[proprium]] est [[nihil]], Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1010): [[neque]] [[quicquam]] [[ulli]] [[proprium]] in [[vita]] est, Acc. fr.: verb., [[quod]] ut [[illi]] [[proprium]] sit [[atque]] [[perpetuum]] optare debetis, Cic.: si [[illud]] de duobus consulibus [[perenne]] ac [[proprium]] manere potuisset, Cic. Vgl. die Auslgg. zu Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 1 (716) u. zu Hor. ep. 2, 2, 172. – b) v. Pers., [[amator]], beständiger, zuverlässiger, Plaut. most. 225. – / Compar., [[uno]] verbo propriore [[usus]], Sen. contr. 10, 33, 19 B. (Kießling [[proprio]]): propriore vocabulo, Hilar. in psalm. 118, 113.

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