saxum: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>saxum</b>: (in inscrr. also SAKSVM; from collat. form saxus;<br /><b>I</b> a [[vocative]] SAXE, Inscr. Orell. 2982), i, n. [[root]] sak-; Sanscr. ska; cf. secare, [[any]] [[large]], [[rough]] [[stone]]; a [[detached]] [[fragment]] of [[rock]]; a [[rock]] (in gen.; [[whereas]] [[rupes]] is a [[steep]] [[rock]], [[crag]], [[cliff]]).<br /><b>I</b> In gen., Lucr. 4, 266 sq.; cf. id. 1, 882: non est e saxo [[sculptus]], Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100: [[pars]] ludicre saxa Jactant, [[inter]] se licitantur, Enn. ap. Non. 134, 13 (Ann. v. 76 Vahl.): (Sisyphum) [[adverso]] nixantem trudere monte Saxum, etc., Lucr. 3, 1001: [[miser]] impendens magnum timet aëre [[saxum]] [[Tantalus]], id. 3, 980: saxo cere comminuit brum, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 412 (Ann. v. 586 Vahl.); cf.: si glebis aut saxis aut fustibus aliquem de [[fundo]] praecipitem egeris, Cic. Caecin.21,60: magni ponderis saxa, in [[muro]] collocare, Caes. B. G. 2, 29; cf. id. ib. 7, 22 fin.; 7, 23; 7, 46: ([[Thyestes]]) summis saxis [[fixus]] asperis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.); cf.: aspicite religatum asperis Vinctumque saxis (Prometheum), Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 10, 23: speluncas saxis pendentibu' structas, Lucr. 6, 195; cf., of the [[cave]] of [[Cacus]]: jam [[primum]] saxis suspensam hanc aspice rupem, Verg. A. 8, 190: tot congesta manu praeruptis oppida saxis, id. G. 2, 156: [[inter]] saxa rupesque, Liv. 21, 40: saxa spargens tabo, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 414 Vahl.): [[vesco]] [[sale]] saxa peresa, Lucr. 1, 326: nec turbida ponti Aequora fligebant naves ad saxa, id. 5, 1001: si ad [[saxum]] quo capessit, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 89 et saep.: [[lapis]] non [[saxum]] est, Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 169.—In apposition: in saxis silicibus uberiores aquae sunt, in limestone rocks, Vitr. 8, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Prov.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> Saxum volvere, i. e. to [[strive]] or endeavor in [[vain]] (alluding to the [[stone]] of [[Sisyphus]]): [[satis]] diu hoc jam [[saxum]] [[volvo]], Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Inter [[sacrum]] saxumque [[stare]]; v. [[sacrum]], A. 2. b.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> For Saxum Tarpejum (cf. Fest. p. 343 Müll. and v. Tarpejus, II.), the [[Tarpeian]] Rock: [[horribilis]] de saxo jactus, Lucr. 3, 1016; Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31; Cic. Att. 14, 16, 2; Hor. S. 1, 6, 39; Tac. A. 2, 32; 4, 29; Dig. 48, 19, 25; v. [[Tarpeius]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Saxum [[sacrum]], the [[sacred]] [[rock]] on the Aventine, at [[which]] [[Remus]] consulted the [[auspices]], Cic. Dom. 53, 136; called [[saxum]] [[alone]], Ov. F. 5, 150.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> A [[superior]] [[kind]] of Cimolian [[chalk]] ([[creta]] Cimolia), Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 196.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> [[Saxa]] Rubra; v. [[ruber]], II. B.—<br /><b>III</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Plur.: saxa, [[stony]] [[ground]], [[rocky]] places: [[mitis]] in apricis coquitur [[vindemia]] saxis, Verg. G. 2, 522: Ligurum, Mart. 3, 82, 22.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[stone]] [[wall]]: [[Romulus]] saxo lucum circumdedit [[alto]], Ov. F. 3, 431.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[strong]] [[foundation]] of a [[building]]: [[Capitolium]] quadrato saxo substructum, Liv. 6, 4, 12.

{{Georges

|georg=saxum, ī, n. (zu [[seco]], vgl. ahd. sahs, [[Steinmasse]]), der Felsblock, das Felsstück, der Felsstein, große [[Stein]], I) eig.: A) der [[Fels]], 1) im allg.: saxo [[undique]] absciso [[rupes]], Felsen, die [[von]] [[rings]] [[scharf]] abgeschnittenen Steinmassen [[gebildet]] sind, Liv.: saxa latentia, Klippen, Verg.: saxa cautesque, Apul.: summis saxis [[fixus]] asperis, Enn. tr. fr.: angustior [[rupes]] [[atque]] [[ita]] rectis saxis, ut etc., Liv.: [[saxum]] vivum, natürlicher Felsen, Tac.: im Bilde, [[quasi]] [[murenula]] [[inter]] definitionum saxa prolaberis, Augustin. op. imperf. c. Iulian. 3, 145. – Plur. saxa = felsige-, steinige Orte, Ligurum, Mart. 3, 82, 22. Eumen. grat. act. 6 extr. (wo Ggstz. [[humilitas]], [[Niederung]]); vgl. Verg. georg. 2, 522. – 2) insbes.: a) Saxum ([[sacrum]]), der heilige [[Fels]], die [[Stelle]] [[auf]] der [[Höhe]] [[des]] Aventin, wo [[Remus]] die Auspizien [[gesucht]] hatte, Cic. de dom. 136. Ov. [[fast]]. 5, 150. – b) der tarpejische [[Fels]], Cic. ad Att. 14, 16, 1. Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 6, 39. Tac. ann. 2, 32 u. 4, 29 (vollst. [[saxum]] Tarpeium, Tac. ann. 6, 19; vgl. [[Tarpeius]]). – e) [[Saxa]] rubra, s. [[ruber]]. – B) der [[Stein]], a) übh., der (große) [[Stein]], der Felsstein, [[saxum]] [[silex]], Kieselstein, Vitr. u. Liv.: in saxo sedere, Ov.: saxa iacĕre, Cic.: [[nunc]] [[tela]] [[nunc]] saxa ingerere, Liv.: ex [[spelunca]] [[saxum]] in crura incĭdisse, Cic. – Sprichw., s. [[sacer]]. – b) der Werkstein, zum [[Bauen]], [[saxum]] [[quadratum]], [[Quaderstein]], [[Quader]] (kollektiv), Liv. u.a.: templa saxo structa, Verg. – zu Statuen usw., Steinblock, Marmorblock, [[non]] e saxo [[sculptus]], Cic.: [[canis]] [[eodem]] [[fabricatus]] saxo, Ov.: saxo [[sollers]] [[nunc]] hominem ponere, Hor. – II) meton.: a) die steinerne [[Mauer]], saxo lucum circumdedit [[alto]], Ov. [[fast]]. 3, 431. – b) das steinerne [[Gebäude]], perrumpere amat saxa, Hor. carm. 3, 16, 10. – III) übtr. eine [[Art]] der zimolischen [[Kreide]] ([[creta]] Cimolia), unsere Walkererde, [[weil]] [[sie]] in mächtigen Lagern vorkommt, Plin. 35, 196. – / Nbf. [[saxus]], u. [[zwar]] Nomin. saxsus (so!), Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 4431 u. Vok. saxe, Corp. inscr. Lat. 11, 137.

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