servo: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>servo</b>: āvi, ātum, 1 (old<br /><b>I</b> fut. perf. servasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71: servassis, an old [[formula]] in [[Cato]], R. R. 141, 3: servassit, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 76: servassint, id. As. 3, 3, 64; id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103), v. a. cf. [[salus]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., to [[save]], [[deliver]], [[keep]] [[unharmed]], [[preserve]], [[protect]], etc. ([[very]] freq. and [[class]].; syn. [[salvo]]): Ph. Perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Immo [[servo]] et servatum [[volo]], Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56; cf.: qui ceteros servavi, ut nos periremus, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: pol me occidistis, amici, Non servastis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 139: aliquem ex periculo, Caes. B. C. 2, 41 fin.: aliquem ex judicio, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131: [[vita]] ex hostium [[telis]] servata, id. Rep. 1, 3, 5: [[urbs]] ex belli [[ore]] et faucibus erepta [[atque]] servata, id. Arch. 9, 21.—With ab and abl. ([[mostly]] [[post]] - Aug. and [[rare]]): si [[tamen]] servari a furibus possunt, Pall. 5, 8, 7 fin.: [[super]] omnia [[Capitolium]] summamque rem in eo [[solus]] a Gallis servaverat, Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 103.—[[Mars]] [[pater]], te [[precor]], pastores pecuaque salva servassis duisque bonam salutem mihi, etc., an old [[formula]] of [[prayer]], [[Cato]], R. R. 141, 3: di te servassint [[semper]], Plaut. As. 3, 3, 64: di te servassint mihi, id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103: ita me servet [[Juppiter]], Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 24: [[serva]], [[quod]] in te est, filium et me et familiam, id. Heaut. 4, 8, 4: tu me amoris [[magis]] [[quam]] honoris servavisti gratiā. Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.): invitum qui servat [[idem]] facit occidenti, Hor. A. P. 467: Graeciae [[portus]] per se (i. e. Themistoclem) servatos, Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 5: servare rem publicam, id. Sest. 22, 49: [[quoniam]] me unā vobiscum servare non [[possum]], vestrae [[quidem]] [[certe]] vitae prospiciam, etc., Caes. B. G. 7, 50: [[impedimenta]] cohortesque, id. B. C. 1, 70: urbem insulamque Caesari, id. ib. 2, 20: sua, [[Cato]], R. R. 5, 1: rem suam, Hor. A. P. 329: servabit odorem Testa, id. Ep. 1, 2, 69: Sabinus Vitisator, curvam [[servans]] sub [[imagine]] falcem, [[keeping]], retaining, Verg. A. 7, 179 et saep.: urbem et cives integros incolumesque, Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25: pudicitiam liberorum ab eorum libidine tutam, id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68: se integros castosque, id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72: omnia mihi integra, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1.—Poet. [[with]] inf.: infecta [[sanguine]] [[tela]] Conjugibus [[servant]] parvisque ostendere [[natis]], Stat. Th. 9, 188.—Absol.: So. Perii, pugnos ponderat. Me. Quid si ego illum [[tractim]] tangam ut dormiat? So. Servaveris: Nam continuas has [[tres]] noctes pervigilavi, [[you]] would [[save]] me, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 157.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With abl. or ab or ex and abl. of the [[danger]] or [[evil]]: si [[respublica]] populi Romani Quiritium ad [[quinquennium]] proximum salva servata erit hisce [[duellis]], datum [[donum]] duit, etc., an [[ancient]] [[votive]] [[formula]], Liv. 22, 10, 2: Q. SERVILIVS VVLNERE SERVATVS, Inscr. Grut. 48, 5: omnes [[quattuor]] amissis servatae a peste carinae, Verg. A. 5, 699.—Usu. [[with]] ex: quo ex judicio te ulla [[salus]] servare posset, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131: [[urbs]] ex omni impetu [[regio]] servata, id. Arch. 9, 21: ex eo periculo, Caes. B. C. 2, 41: navem ex hieme marique, Nep. Att. 10, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> With [[abstract]] objects: navorum [[imperium]] servare est induperantum, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 169 Müll. (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.): [[imperium]] [[probe]], Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 7: ordines, Caes. B. G. 4, 26; id. B. C. 1, 44; 2, 41; cf. id. B. G. 7, 23: ordinem laboris quietisque, Liv. 26, 51: praesidia indiligentius, Caes. B. G. 2, 33: vigilias, Liv. 34, 9: custodias [[neglegenter]], id. 33, 4: discrimina rerum, id. 5, 46: concentum ([[fides]]), Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: [[cursus]], id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68: [[intervallum]], Caes. B. G. 7, 23: tenorem pugnae, Liv. 30, 18: modum, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 et saep.: fidem, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 63: fidem cum [[aliquo]], id. Curc. 1, 2, 49; id. Merc. 3, 1, 33; Ter. And. 1, 5, 45: [[fides]] juris jurandi [[saepe]] cum hoste servanda, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107; cf.: fidem de [[numero]] dierum, Caes. B. G. 6, 36: [[promissum]], Plaut. Am. 5, 3, 1: promissa, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 23: officia, id. ib. 1, 11, 33: justitiam, id. ib. 1, 13, 41; cf.: aequabilitatem juris, id. Rep. 1, 34, 53: aequitatem, id. Off. 1, 19, 64: jura induciarum, Caes. B. C. 1, 85: [[institutum]] militare, id. ib. 3, 75; cf. id. ib. 3, 84; 3, 89: rectum animi, Hor S. 2, 3, 201: consulta patrum, leges juraque, id. Ep. 1, 16, 41; legem, Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 2: consuetudinem, id. Clu. 32, 89: illud [[quod]] deceat, id. Off. 1, 28, 97: dignitatem, id. de Or. 2, 54, 221: fidem cum [[aliquo]], id. Phil. 7, 8, 22: amicitiam summā [[fide]], id. Lael. 7, 25: Platonis verecundiam, id. Fam. 9, 22, 5: aequam mentem, Hor. C. 2, 3, 2: nati amorem, Verg. A. 2, 789: conubia alicujus, id. ib. 3, 319: foedera, Ov. F. 2, 159.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., to [[keep]], [[lay]] up, [[preserve]], [[reserve]] for the [[future]] or for [[some]] [[purpose]] (syn. reservare): si voles servare ([[vinum]]) in vetustatem, ad alvum movendam servato, [[Cato]], R. R. 114, 2; Col. 12, 28, 4: lectum Massicum, Hor. C. 3, 21, 6; Col. 12, 28, 4; cf.: Caecuba [[centum]] clavibus, Hor. C. 2, 14, 26: [[lapis]] [[chernites]] mitior est servandis corporibus nec absumendis, Plin. 36, 17, 28, § 132: vermes in melle, id. 30, 13, 39, § 115: se temporibus aliis, Cic. Planc. 5, 13: eo me servavi, id. Att. 5, 17, 1: [[Valerius]], in parvis rebus [[neglegens]] [[ultor]] gravem se ad majora vindicem servabat, Liv. 2, 11, 4; 10, 28, 5.—With dat.: placet esse quasdam res servatas judicio voluntatique multitudinis, Cic. Rep. 1, 45, 69: in aliquod [[tempus]] [[quam]] integerrimas [[vires]] militi servare, Liv. 10, 28: Jovis auribus ista (carmina) Servas, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 44: [[causa]] integra Caesari servaretur, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 1: durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis, Verg. A. 1, 207.—Poet. [[with]] ad: ad Herculeos servaberis [[arcus]], Ov. M. 12, 309.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf. (from the [[idea]] of the [[attention]] [[being]] turned to [[any]] [[thing]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> To [[give]] [[heed]] to, [[pay]] [[attention]] to; to [[watch]], [[observe]] [[any]] [[thing]] (syn. [[observo]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With acc.: [[uxor]] scelesta me omnibus servat modis, Ne, etc., Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5: vestimenta sua, id. ib. 2, 3, 52: [[iter]] alicujus, Caes. B. G. 5, 19: [[Palinurus]] dum sidera servat, Verg. A. 6, 338: nubem locumque, Ov. M. 5, 631: nutricis [[limen]] servantis alumnae, [[keeping]] [[watch]] [[over]], [[guarding]], id. ib. 10, 383: pascentes haedos, Verg. E. 5, 12: [[vestibulum]], id. A. 6, 556: servaturis vigili Capitolia voce Cederet anseribus, Ov. M. 2, 538; cf.: pomaria dederat servanda draconi, id. ib. 4, 646.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With rel.-[[clause]] or [[final]]: [[quid]] servas, quo eam, [[quid]] agam? Lucil. ap. Non. 387, 26: [[tuus]] [[servus]] servet, Venerine eas (coronas) det, an viro, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 60: cum [[decemviri]] servassent, ut [[unus]] fasces haberet, Liv. 3, 36, 3: servandum in eo [[ante]] omnia, ut, etc., Plin. 17, 17, 28, § 124: ut ([[triumviri]]) servarent, ne qui nocturni [[coetus]] fierent, Liv. 39, 14 fin.; Col. 8, 5, 13.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol., to [[stay]], [[keep]] [[watch]], or [[guard]]: Eu. Intus [[serva]]. Sl. Quippini Ego [[intus]] servem? an, ne [[quis]] [[aedes]] auferat? Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 3 sq.; cf.: [[nemo]] in aedibus Servat, id. Most. 2, 2, 22: [[solus]] Sannio servat domi, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 627.—Imper.: [[serva]]! [[take]] [[care]]! [[look]] [[out]]! [[beware]]! Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 29; Ter. And. 2, 5, 5; id. Ad. 2, 1, 18; Hor. S. 2, 3, 59.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In partic., in relig. lang., to [[observe]] an [[omen]]: secundam avem servat... servat [[genus]] altivolantum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 and 84 Vahl.): de [[caelo]] servare, Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Div. 2, 35, 74; so of the augurs: de [[caelo]], id. Vatin. 6, 15; id. Sest. 61, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Att. 2, 16, 2; 4, 3, 3: [[caelum]] servare, Lucr. 5, 395: fulgura caeli, id. 6, 429.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[keep]] to, [[remain]] in a [[place]] (i. e. to [[keep]] [[watch]] [[there]]); to [[dwell]] in, [[inhabit]] ([[ante]]-[[class]]. and [[poet]].): [[nunc]] te amabo, ut hanc hoc [[triduum]] [[solum]] sinas Esse hic et servare [[apud]] me, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 107: tu nidum servas, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 6: atria servantem postico falle clientem, id. ib. 1, 5, 31: nymphae sorores, Centum quae silvas, [[centum]] quae flumina [[servant]], Verg. G. 4, 383: immanem hydrum Servantem ripas, id. ib. 4, 459: sola domum et tantas servabat [[filia]] [[sedes]], id. A. 7, 52: DOMVM SERVAVIT, LANAM FECIT, Inscr. Orell. 3848.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In [[late]] jurid. Lat.: servare aliquid (pecuniam) ab [[aliquo]], to [[get]], [[obtain]], [[receive]], Dig. 17, 1, 45 fin.; so ib. 25, 5, 2; 26, 7, 61.—Hence, * [[servans]], antis, P.a., [[keeping]], [[observant]]; [[with]] gen.: Rhipeus servantissimus aequi, Verg. A. 2, 427.

{{Georges

|georg=servo, āvī, ātum, āre (avestisch haurvaiti aus *sarvati, hat [[acht]], schützt), I) erretten, [[erhalten]], [[unversehrt]] [[bewahren]], 1) im allg.: a) m. konkr. Objj. (Ggstz. perdere): navem ex hieme, Nep.: [[Capitolium]] a Gallis, Claud. Quadr. [[bei]] Gell.: curvam falcem, [[bewahren]] (poet. = [[halten]]), Verg.: populum, Cic.: alqm ex iudicio, Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., se integros castosque, Cic.: urbem et cives integros incolumesque, Cic.: corpora vestra coniugum ac liberorum vestrorum inviolata, garantiert, Liv. – b) m. abstr. Objj., [[etwas]] [[beobachten]], in [[acht]] [[nehmen]], [[halten]], [[aufrecht]] [[erhalten]], [[nicht]] [[verletzen]], [[wider]] etw. [[nicht]] [[handeln]], ordinem, Reih' u. [[Glied]] [[halten]], Liv.: u. so ordines, Caes. u.a.: vigilias, custodias, [[Wache]] [[halten]], Liv.: concentum (v. den Saiten), Cic.: amicitiam, Cic.: legem, Cic.: morem, [[Mela]] u. Quint.: morem ab antiquis traditum, Hor.: [[ius]], Cic.: iura indutiarum Caes.: pacem cum alqo, Cic.: promissa, Cic.: [[iusiurandum]], Nep.: diem, den [[Tag]] [[beobachten]], [[abwarten]], Liv.: consuetudinem, Cic.: fidem, [[Wort]] [[halten]], Cic.: fidem [[erga]] alqm, Tac.: fidem iurisiurandi cum hoste, das beschworene [[Versprechen]] dem Feinde [[halten]], Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., pudicitiam liberorum servare ab eorum libidine tutam, Cic. II. Verr. 1, 68. – serv. m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., cum [[ita]] priores [[decemviri]] servassent, ut [[unus]] fasces haberet, Liv. 3, 36, 3: impers., [[alibi]] servatur, ut nudis pedibus eant, Plin. 28, 78: servatumque in hodiernum est, ne [[quis]] e novis civibus in iis iudicaret, Plin. 33, 30. – 2) insbes., [[für]] die [[Zukunft]] usw. [[aufsparen]], [[aufbewahren]], vermes in melle, Plin.: [[vinum]] in vetustatem, [[Cato]]: se ad [[tempora]], Cic.: se ad maiora, Liv.: eo ([[bis]] [[dahin]]) me servavi, Cic.: ea ([[necessaria]] vitae) [[firmiter]] conclusa servare, [[unter]] [[Schloß]] u. [[Riegel]] [[halten]], Lact.: [[mit]] Dat. comm., [[vosmet]] rebus servate secundis, Verg.: [[res]] iudicio voluntatique alcis, Cic.: [[eius]] regni [[causa]] integra Caesari servaretur, sollte [[bis]] [[auf]] Cäsars [[Ausspruch]] unerledigt [[bleiben]], Auct. b. Alex. – II) übtr.: A) [[auf]] etw. od. jmd. [[achtgeben]], [[aufpassen]], [[lauern]], jmd. [[belauern]], 1) im allg.: [[eum]], Ter.: te, Plaut.: ortum caniculae, Cic.: sidera, Verg.: [[quantum]] acie oculi possent servare sequentum, soweit zu [[reichen]] vermöchte der Folgenden spähender [[Blick]], Verg.: servare de [[caelo]], [[auf]] den [[Blitz]] [[achtgeben]], den [[Blitz]] [[beobachten]] (eine [[Pflicht]] der Auguren), Cic. u. Arnob.: m. folg. ne u. Konj., me omnibus servat modis, ne etc., Plaut. rud. 895: me [[infensus]] servat, ne etc., Ter. Andr. 212. – absol., [[aufpassen]], [[Wache]] [[halten]] (s. Lorenz Plaut. most. 436), [[natus]] [[nemo]] in aedibus servat, Plaut.: [[solus]] [[Sannio]] servat [[domi]], Ter.: [[intus]] [[serva]], Plaut.: hanc sinas [[esse]] [[hic]] et servare [[apud]] me, Plaut.: [[cetera]] servabant [[atque]] in statione manebant, Ov.: vincere arundinibus servantia lumina temptat, Ov. – 2) insbes.: a) [[achtgeben]], [[Sorge]] [[tragen]], [[sich]] in [[acht]] [[nehmen]], [[vorbeugen]], [[verhüten]], servarent, ne [[qui]] nocturni [[coetus]] fierent, Liv.: [[serva]]! gib [[acht]]! nimm dich in [[acht]]! Hor.: [[ebenso]] em od. [[hem]], [[serva]]! b. Plaut. u. Ter. – b) [[verwahren]], in [[acht]] [[nehmen]], [[hüten]], α) übh.: alqm liberā custodiā, Cic.: [[volumen]] epistularum diligentissime, Cic.: [[fructus]], Nep.: itinera, [[nicht]] aus den Augen [[lassen]], Caes.: praesidia indiligentius, die [[Posten]] [[mit]] geringerer [[Sorgfalt]] besetzt [[halten]], Caes.: dah. [[limen]] ([[Wohnung]], [[Zimmer]]), das [[Zimmer]] [[oder]] [[Haus]] [[hüten]], zu Hause [[bleiben]], Verg.: so [[auch]] [[vestibulum]] servat, ist (bleibt) im Vorhofe, Verg. – β) (poet.) [[einen]] [[Ort]] gleichs. [[hüten]] = wo [[sich]] [[aufhalten]], [[verweilen]], [[einen]] [[Ort]] [[bewohnen]], wo [[heimisch]] [[sein]], silvas et flumina, Verg.: has nimbi ventique domos et naufraga servat [[tempestas]], Val. Flacc. – B) [[retten]], a) = [[erhalten]], [[bekommen]], cum [[populus]] suum servaret, Cic. ep. 5, 20, 5: [[haec]] [[una]] [[ratio]] a [[rege]] proposita Postumo servandae pecuniae, Cic. Rab. [[Post]]. 28: u. so Cic. ad Q. fr. 3, 1, 3. Suet. Claud. 16, 2. – alqd ab alqo, ICt. – b) ersetzt-, erstattet [[bekommen]], [[sumptus]] in rem factos, ICt.: [[quod]] praestiterit [[quis]], ICt. – / Archaist. [[Fut]]. exact. [[servasso]], Plaut. most. 228: servassis, Formul. vet. [[bei]] [[Cato]] r. r. 141, 3: servassint, Plaut. asin. 654; trin. 384 ([[dazu]] Brix).

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