sterno: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>sterno</b>: strāvi, strātum, 3 (<br /><b>I</b> pluperf. sync. strarat, Manil. 1, 774: strasset, Varr. ap. Non. 86, 8), v. a. Gr. [[root]] ΣΤΟΡ, [[στορέννυμι]], to [[spread]]; [[στρατός]], [[camp]]; Sanscr. [[star]]- strnāmi = [[sterno]]; cf.: [[strages]], [[struo]], [[torus]], and lātus, adj., old Lat. stlatus, to [[spread]] [[out]], [[spread]] [[abroad]]; to [[stretch]] [[out]], [[extend]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit. ([[mostly]] [[poet]]. and in postAug. [[prose]]; in Cic. [[only]] in the [[part]]. perf.; cf.: [[effundo]], [[extendo]], [[subicio]], [[subdo]]): vestes, Ov. M. 8, 658: in [[duro]] [[vellus]] [[solo]], id. F. 4, 654: bubulos utres ponte, Plin. 6, 29, 34, § 176: hic [[glarea]] dura Sternitur, Tib. 1, 7, 60: natas sub aequore virgas Sternit, i. e. scatters, strews, Ov. M. 4, 743: harenam, id. F. 3, 813; id. Am. 2, 14, 8: herbas, id. M. 7, 254: poma [[passim]], Verg. E. 7, 54: spongeas ad lunam et pruinas, Plin. 31, 11. 47, § 123: [[arma]] per flores, Grat. Cyneg. 487: fessi sternunt corpora, [[stretch]] [[out]] [[their]] bodies, [[lie]] [[down]], Liv. 27, 47, 9; cf.: sternunt se somno diversae in litore phocae, Verg. G. 4, 432.—Mid.: sternimur optatae gremio telluris, Verg. A. 3, 509; and: in Capitolinas [[certatim]] scanditur arces Sternunturque Jovi, Sil. 12, 340.—Part. perf.: strātus, a, um, stretched [[out]], [[lying]] [[down]], [[prostrate]] (syn. [[prostratus]]): [[strata]] terrae, Enn. ap. Non. 172, 20 (Trag. v. 370 Vahl.): nos [[humi]] strati, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22: [[quidam]] somno [[etiam]] strati, Liv. 37, 20, 5: ad [[pedes]] strati, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3: [[stratum]] jacere et genua complecti, Quint. 6, 1, 34: [[nunc]] viridi membra sub arbuto [[Stratus]], Hor. C. 1, 1, 21.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of places, to [[extend]]: insulae Frisiorum, Chaucorum, etc. ... sternuntur [[inter]] Helium ac [[Flevum]], [[stretch]] [[out]], [[extend]], Plin. 4, 15, 29, § 101; 3, 5, 9, § 60; [[hence]], vites stratae, spreading, Col. 5, 4, 2 (for Nep. Milt. 5, 3, v. under [[rarus]], II. A.).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., to [[spread]] a [[thing]] [[out]] [[flat]], i. e. to [[smooth]], [[level]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]].): sternere [[aequor]] aquis, Verg. A. 8, 89; cf.: placidi straverunt aequora venti, id. ib. 5, 763: [[nunc]] omne [[tibi]] [[stratum]] silet [[aequor]], id. E. 9, 57: pontum, Ov. M. 11, 501: [[mare]], Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125: stratoque [[super]] discumbitur ostro, Verg. A. 1, 700: viam per [[mare]], smoothed, levelled, Lucr. 3, 1030 (acc. to the Gr. ὁδὸν [[στορέννυμι]]): [[stratum]] militari labore [[iter]], Quint. 2, 13, 16; so, hoc [[iter]] [[Alpes]], Hoc [[Cannae]] stravere [[tibi]], Sil. 12, 514; and trop.: [[praesens]] [[tibi]] [[fama]] benignum Stravit [[iter]], Stat. Th. 12, 813.—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop. (the [[figure]] borrowed from the [[sea]]), to [[calm]], [[still]], [[moderate]]: odia militum, Tac. H. 1, 58 (cf.: constrata ira, Stat. S. 2, 5, 1).—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> To [[cover]], [[cover]] [[over]] (by spreading [[something]] [[out]]; the predom. [[class]]. signif. of the [[word]]; cf. [[obtendo]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of a [[couch]], [[bed]], etc., to [[spread]], [[prepare]], [[arrange]], [[make]]: [[lectus]] vestimentis [[stratus]] est, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 30; cf.: [[strata]] cubilia sunt herbis, Lucr. 5, 1417: [[rogatus]] est a Maximo, ut [[triclinium]] sterneret ... Atque [[ille]] stravit pelliculis haedinis lectulos Punicanos, Cic. Mur. 36, 75; so, lectum, lectos, [[biclinium]], triclinia, etc., Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 33; id. Most. 1, 4, 14; id. Men. 2, 3, 3; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 70; id. Ps. 1, 2, 31; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 73; id. Ad. 2, 4, 21; Cic. Clu. 5, 14; id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61; Hirt. B. G. 8, 51: his foliis [[cubitus]] sternere, Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 59: torum frondibus, Juv. 6, 5: [[strata]] [[cathedra]], cushioned, id. 9, 52; cf. also, ARCERAM NE STERNITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25; and absol.: jubet sterni sibi in primā [[domus]] parte (sc. lectum), Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp., places, to [[cover]]; of a [[way]], [[road]], [[path]], etc., to [[pave]]: aspreta erant [[strata]] saxis, Liv. 9, 35, 2: via [[strata]], id. 8, 15, 8: semitam saxo quadrato straverunt, id. 10, 23 fin.; so, vias silice ... clivum Capitolinum silice ... [[emporium]] lapide, id. 41, 27, 5 sq.; and absol.: locum illum sternendum locare, Cic. Att. 14, 15, 2: [[pavimentum]] [[stratum]] lapide, Vulg. Ezech. 40, 17: viam lapide, Dig. 43, 11, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[saddle]]: equos, Liv. 37, 20, 12; 37, 20, 4; Veg. 5, 77: asinum, Vulg. Gen. 22, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen., to [[cover]], [[spread]]: argento sternunt [[iter]] omne viarum, Lucr. 2, 626: foliis [[nemus]] Multis et algā [[litus]] inutili [[tempestas]] Sternet, [[will]] [[strew]] [[over]], [[bestrew]], Hor. C. 3, 17, 12: congeriem silvae vellere summam, Ov. M. 9, 236: litora [[nive]], Val. Fl. 5, 175: harenam Circi [[chrysocolla]], Plin. 33, 5, 27, § 90: [[solum]] [[telis]], Verg. A. 9, 666: Tyrrhenas [[valles]] caedibus, Sil. 6, 602: strati bacis silvestribus agri, Verg. G. 2, 183: [[ante]] aras terram caesi stravere juvenci, [[covered]], id. A. 8, 719.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[stretch]] [[out]] by flinging [[down]], to [[throw]] [[down]], [[stretch]] on the [[ground]], [[throw]] to the [[ground]], [[overthrow]], [[prostrate]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]]., esp. in Verg.; in [[prose]] not [[before]] the Aug. [[period]]; in Cic. [[only]] [[once]] in the trop. [[sense]];<br /> v. the foll.; cf. [[profligo]]): cujus [[casus]] prolapsi cum proximos sterneret, Liv. 5, 47: [[circa]] jacentem ducem sterne Gallorum catervas, id. 7, 26, 8: turbam invadite ac sternite omnia ferro, id. 24, 38, 7: [[alius]] [[sit]] [[fortis]] in armis, Sternat et adversos Marte favente duces, Tib. 1, 10, 30: caede viros, Verg. A. 10, 119: aliquem [[leto]], id. ib. 8, 566: morte, id. ib. 11, 796; Liv. 31, 21, 15; Ov. M. 12, 604: adversā prensis a fronte capillis Stravit [[humi]] pronam, id. ib. 2, 477: primosque et extremos Stravit humum, Hor. C. 4, 14, 32: sternitur volnere, Verg. A. 10, 781: [[impetus]] per stratos caede hostes, Liv. 4, 29, 1: aliquem morti, Verg. A. 12, 464: irae Thyesten [[exitio]] gravi Stravere, Hor. C. 1, 16, 18: corpore toto Sternitur in [[vultus]], Stat. Th. 12, 318: sternitur, et toto projectus corpore terrae, Verg. A. 11, 87: toto praecipitem sternit, Sil. 4, 182: hostes, Just. 2, 11, 13: [[Ajax]] stravit ferro [[pecus]], Hor. S. 2, 3, 202: sternitur et procumbit [[humi]] bos, Verg. A. 5, 481: [[strata]] [[belua]] texit humum, Ov. H. 10, 106: [[rapidus]] [[torrens]] Sternit agros, sternit [[sata]] [[laeta]], Verg. A. 2, 306: [[moenia]], to [[overthrow]], [[demolish]], Ov. M. 12, 550; cf.: stratis ariete muris, Liv. 1, 29, 2: sternit a culmine Trojam, Verg. A. 2, 603; so, (elephanti) stabula Indorum dentibus sternunt, Plin. 8, 9, 9, § 27.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop. ([[rare]]): deorum plagā perculsi, afflictos se et stratos esse fatentur, [[cast]] [[down]], prostrated, Cic. Tusc. 3, 29, 72: mortalia [[corda]] Per gentes humiles stravit [[pavor]], Verg. G. 1, 331: [[virtus]] populi Romani haec omnia [[strata]] [[humi]] erexit ac sustulit, Liv. 26, 41, 12: stratā Germaniā, [[subdued]], Amm. 16, 1, 5.—Hence, strātus, a, um, P. a.; as substt.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> strāta, ae, f. (sc. via), a [[paved]] [[road]] or [[way]] ([[post]]-[[class]].), Eutr. 9, 15: amplas sternite jam stratas, Juvenc. 1, 315: in margine stratae, id. 3, 656.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> strātum, i, n. ([[mostly]] [[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]; not in Cic.; acc. to II. A.).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[bed]]-[[covering]], a [[coverlet]], [[quilt]], [[blanket]]; a [[pillow]], bolster: lecti mollia [[strata]], Lucr. 4, 849: proripere se e strato, Suet. Calig. 51; Ov. M. 5, 34; 10, 267.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[Meton]]. ([[pars]] pro toto), a [[bed]], [[couch]]: [[haud]] [[segnis]] strato surgit [[Palinurus]], Verg. A. 3, 513; cf. id. ib. 8, 415; 3, 176: [[tale]], Nep. Ages. 8: [[quies]] [[neque]] molli strato [[neque]] silentio arcessita, Liv. 21, 4, 7.—Plur.: strataque quae membris intepuere tuis, Ov. H. 10, 54: dura, id. Am. 1, 2, 2; Luc. 1, 239.—Once also (sc. [[lectus]]) in the masc., Favorin. ap. Gell. 15, 8, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A horsecloth, housing, a [[saddle]], Ov. M. 8, 33; Liv. 7, 14, 7; Sen. Ep. 80, 9; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202. —Prov.: qui asinum non potest, [[stratum]] caedit (v. asinum), Petr. 45, 8.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A pavement: saxea viarum, Lucr. 1, 315; 4, 415: extraneum, Petr. poët. 55, 6, 11.

{{Georges

|georg=sterno, strāvī, strātum, ere (zu Wz. *ster-, altind. strnati, streut, wirft [[nieder]], griech. [[στρώννυμι]], [[στορέννυμι]] got. straujan, ahd. strewen, [[streuen]]), I) [[auf]] den [[Boden]] [[hinbreiten]], [[hinstreuen]], A) im allg.: a) eig.: vestes, Ov.; vgl. [[strata]] [[sub]] pedibus [[vestis]], Suet.: [[vellus]] [[duro]] in [[solo]], Ov.: [[strata]] iacent [[passim]] sua quaeque [[sub]] arbore poma, Verg.: glaream, Tibull.: arenam, Ov.: spongias ad lunam et pruinas, Plin.: [[arma]] per flores, Gratt.: [[super]] [[eos]] (asseres) pontes, [[schlagen]], Curt. – bildl., illos cognitioni numinis tui sternere, [[unterbreiten]], [[unterstellen]], Spart. Hel. 1. § 1. – b) übtr., u. [[zwar]] [[Passiv]] sterni medial, v. Örtl., [[sich]] [[ausbreiten]], [[sich]] [[erstrecken]], [[ibi]] [[Laborini]] campi sternuntur, Plin.: insulae Frisiorum, Chaucorum etc. sternuntur [[inter]] Helinum ac [[Flevum]], Plin. – B) insbes.: 1) am [[Boden]] usw. [[hinbreiten]], [[hinlegen]], hinstrecken, [[niederlegen]], niederstrecken, [[niederwerfen]], a) übh.: silvas, Curt.: vineam, Colum.: u. so vites stratae, Colum. – corpora [[passim]], Liv.: [[strata]] somno corpora, Liv.: [[quidam]] somno [[etiam]] strati, Liv. – refl. se st., [[sich]] hinstrecken, [[sich]] [[lagern]], se somno in litore, Verg. – u. [[ebenso]] [[Passiv]] medial, sterni [[passim]] ferarum ritu, Liv.: sterni Iovi, [[sich]] [[niederwerfen]] zum [[Gebet]], fußfällig [[verehren]] (προςκυνειν), Sil.: so [[auch]] Partiz. [[stratus]], hingestreckt, hingelagert, liegend, [[humi]], Cic.: [[sibi]] ad [[pedes]] strati, Cic.: viridi membra [[sub]] arbuto [[stratus]], Hor. – [[ursi]] [[humanitus]] strati, hingestreckt-, [[sich]] hinlegend [[wie]] die Menschen, Plin. – b) [[feindlich]], [[gewaltsam]] niederstrecken, zu [[Boden]] [[strecken]], [[niederwerfen]], [[niedermachen]], [[niederhauen]], α) eig.: ferro [[pecus]], Hor.: [[omnia]] ferro, Liv.: caede viros, Verg.: alqm subitā morte, Verg.: alqm morti, Verg.: extremos metendo humum, Hor.: ingenti caede sterni, Liv.: strati caede hostes, Liv. – poet., ventos, [[sich]] [[legen]] [[machen]], [[beruhigen]], Hor. – [[moenia]], Ov.: ariete muros, Liv.: a culmine Troiam, Verg.: stabula dentibus, vom Elefanten, Plin. – β) übtr., [[niederwerfen]], zu Bodendrücken, -[[werfen]], irae Thyesten [[exitio]] gravi stravere, Hor.: mortalia [[corda]] [[humilis]] stravit [[pavor]], Verg.: afflictos se et stratos [[esse]], Cic. – 2) Rauhes usw. zur [[Fläche]] [[hinbreiten]], [[ebnen]], [[glatt]] und [[eben]] [[legen]], a) das aufwogende [[Meer]] [[ebnen]], [[sich]] [[legen]] [[machen]], [[aequor]] aquis, Verg.: pontum, Ov.: [[postea]] sternitur [[mare]] alcyonum feturae, Plin. – b) [[einen]] rauhen [[Weg]] usw. [[ebnen]], [[eben]] [[legen]], [[bahnen]], α) eig.: viam per [[mare]] magnum, Lucr.: [[hoc]] ([[iter]]) [[Cannae]] stravere [[tibi]], Sil.: [[stratum]] militari labore [[iter]], Quint. – [[bes]]. [[durch]] [[Pflaster]] usw., [[pflastern]], semitam saxo quadrato, Liv.: vias, [[clivum]] silice, [[emporium]] lapide, Liv.: fossam silice [[vel]] glareā, auspflastern, Plin.: columnam tollere, locum illum sternendum (zu [[pflastern]]) locare, Cic. – β) bildl.: [[praesens]] [[tibi]] [[fama]] benignum stravit [[iter]], Stat. Theb. 12, 813. – II) meton., [[mit]] [[etwas]] überbreiten, überstreuen, [[bedecken]], [[überdecken]], a) übh.: foliis [[nemus]], vom [[Sturm]], Hor.: litora [[nive]], Val. Flacc.: arenam Circi chrysocollā, Plin.: [[solum]] [[telis]], Verg.: [[ante]] aras terram caesi stravere iuvenci, Verg.: [[intrinsecus]] ([[solum]]) [[stratum]] sulphure et bitumine traditur, Iustin. – naves pontibus, Tac.: maria pontibus, Iustin. – [[triclinia]] argento privatorum alci sternuntur, die Tafeln jmds. [[werden]] [[mit]] dem [[Silbergerät]] der Privatpersonen besetzt, Eutr. – b) insbes.: α) eine Lagerstatt [[mit]] Teppichen, Polstern usw. überbreiten, [[decken]], [[polstern]], [[zurechtmachen]], duabus culcitis ac duabus toros plagulis, [[Varro]] fr.: [[lectum]] vestimentis, Ter.: [[lectum]] [[sine]] linteis, [[sine]] [[purpura]], Liv. epit.: u. so bl. [[lectum]], [[Komik]]., Cic. u.a.: [[triclinium]], Cic.: arceram, XII tabb. fr.: [[lectus]] [[lepide]] [[stratus]], Plaut.: [[cathedra]] [[strata]], gepolstert, Iuven. – absol., iubet sterni [[sibi]] in [[prima]] [[domus]] parte, Plin. ep. – β) [[ein]] [[Pferd]] [[decken]], [[unser]] [[satteln]], equum, Liv. u. Veget.: [[non]] stratos, [[non]] infrenatos (aufgezäumt) habebant equos, Liv.: [[iam]] dimisso synthemate (Postschein) [[equus]] [[publicus]] sternebatur, [[Hieron]]. epist. 118, 1. – / Synk. Plusquamperf. [[strarat]], Manil. 1, 776: strasset, [[Varro]] de vit. P.R. 1. fr. 24 ([[bei]] Non. 86, 6).

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