περισσός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. [[περιττός]], ή, όν, (from [[περί]], as [[ἔπισσαι]] from [[ἐπί]], [[μέτασσαι]] from [[μετά]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[beyond the regular number]] or [[beyond the regular size]], [[prodigious]], δῶρα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>399</span> (never in Hom.); μος <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>458.3; [[στάθμα]], dub.sens., v. [[ἕλκω]] B. 3. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[out of the common]], [[extraordinary]], [[strange]], <b class="b3">ἔ τι περισσὸν εἰδείη</b> if he has any [[signal]] [[knowledge]], <span class="bibl">Thgn.769</span>; <b class="b3">εἴ τι φρονεῖς καί τι περισσὸν ἔχεις</b> Philisc.(<span class="title">PLG</span>2.327); περισσὸς λόγος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 841</span>; ἄγρα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1197</span>(lyr.); πάθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>791</span> (lyr.); βίος οὐδὲν ἔχων π. ἀλλὰ πάντα σμικρά <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.51</span>; οὐ γὰρ π. οὐδὲν οὐδ' ἔξω λόγου πέπονθας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>437</span>; περισσότερα παθήματα <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.5</span>; τὰ π. τῶν ἔργων καὶ τερατώδη <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.77</span>; <b class="b3">ἴδια καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.15.145</span>; π. καὶ θαυμαστά <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1141b6</span>; <b class="b3">πρᾶξις π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1312a27</span>; οὐθὲν δὴ λέγοντες π. φαίνονταί τι λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1053b3</span>; <b class="b3">τί π. ποιεῖτε</b>; <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>5.47</span>; περιττοτάτη φύσις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>531a9</span>; <b class="b3">συνανθρωπίζον… πάντων περισσότατον</b>, of the [[dog]], <span class="bibl">Ath.13.611c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Clearch.24</span>; in Literature, [[striking]], [[τὸ περιττόν]], as a [[quality]] of <b class="b3">οἱ τοῦ Σωκράτους λόγοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1265a11</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ σοφὰ καὶ τὰ περισσά</b> [[refinement]]s, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>409</span>; opp. <b class="b3">κοινὸς καὶ δημώδης</b>, Longin.40.2 (but also, [[elaborate]], περισσὸς καὶ [[πεποιημένος]] Id.3.4; in bad sense, [[far-fetched]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Dem.</span>56</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[extraordinary]], [[remarkable]], esp. for great learning, π. ὢν [[ἀνήρ]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span> 948</span>; τοὺς… π. καί τι πράσσοντας πλέον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>788</span>; <b class="b3">δυστυχεῖς εἶναι τοὺς π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>983a2</span>; π. γένος τῶν μελιττῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>760a4</span>: freq. with the manner added, π. κατὰ φιλοσοφίαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>953a10</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ τὸν ἄλλον βίον περιττότερος</b> [[somewhat]] [[extravagant]] or [[eccentric]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1267</span> <span class="bibl">b24</span>; <b class="b3">τῇ φύσει π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>622b6</span>; κάλλει <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Demetr.</span>2</span>; ἐν ἅπασι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Dem.</span> 3</span>; τὴν ὥραν <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.12</span>: c. inf., <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">περισσὸς ἄλλων πρός τι</b> [[beyond]] others in... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>155</span>; <b class="b3">θύσει τοῦδε περισσότερα</b> [[greater things than]] this, <span class="title">AP</span>6.321 (Leon.Alex.); περιττότερος προφήτου [[one greater than]]…, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>11.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[more than sufficient]], [[superfluous]], αἱ π. δαπάναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.6.6</span>; <b class="b3">περιττὸν ἔχειν</b> to have a [[surplus]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>7.6.31</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μὲν… περιττὰ ἔχουσιν, οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ τὰ ἀναγκαῖα</b>… <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Oec.</span>20.1</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">τῶν ἀρκούντων περιττά</b> [[more]] [[than]] [[sufficient]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 8.2.21</span>; τὰ π. τῶν ἱκανῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hier.</span>1.19</span>: freq. in military sense, <b class="b3">οἱ περισσοὶ ἱππεῖς</b> the [[reserve]] [[horse]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>8.14</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τῆς φυλακῆς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.7</span>; <b class="b3">π. σκηναί</b> [[spare]] [[tent]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.12</span> (but <b class="b3">τοῖς περιττοῖς χρήσεσθαι</b> their [[superior]] [[number]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>4.8.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.20</span>); [[τὸ περιττὸν]] the [[surplus]], [[residue]], Inscr. ap. eund.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>5.3.13</span> (but <b class="b3">τὸ περιττὸν τοῦ Ἰουδαίου</b> the [[advantage]] of the [[Jew]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>3.1</span>); <b class="b3">Ἁρπυιῶν τὰ περιττά</b> their [[leavings]], AP11.239 (Lucill.); <b class="b3">τὸ περιττὸν τῆς ἡμέρας</b> the [[remainder]] of the [[day]], <span class="bibl">X.Eph.1.3</span>; <b class="b3">περιττὰ γράμματα</b> [[supplementary]] [[provision]]s in a [[will]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>326ii9</span> (ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in bad sense, [[superfluous]], [[useless]], <b class="b3">οὐδέ τι τοῦ παντὸς κενεὸν πέλει οὐδὲ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Emp.13</span>; <b class="b3">μόχθος π</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>385</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>780</span>; π. κἀνόνητα σώματα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>758</span>; βάρος π. γῆς ἀναστρωφώμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>945</span>; ἄχθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1241</span> (lyr.); τὰ γὰρ π. πανταχοῦ λυπήρ' ἔπη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>82</span>; αὐδῶ σε μὴ περισσὰ κηρύσσειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1048</span>; π. πάντες οὑν μέσῳ λόγοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>819</span>; π. φωνῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>459</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[excessive]], [[extravagant]], <b class="b3">μηχανᾶσθαι περισσά</b> [[commit]] [[extravagance]]s, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.32</span>; <b class="b3">περισσὰ δρᾶν, περισσὰ πράσσειν</b>, to [[be overbusy]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>617</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>68</span>; <b class="b3">π. φρονεῖν</b> to [[be overwise]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>924</span> (anap.); ἡ π. αὕτη ἐπιμέλεια τοῦ σώματος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>407b</span>; <b class="b3">μῆκος πολὺ λόγων π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 645c</span>; [[redundant]], [[overdone]], οἱ καρτεροὶ καὶ π. λόγοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ax.</span>365c</span>, etc.; of dress, <b class="b3">ἐσθὴς π</b>. Plu.2.615d; περισσοτέρα λύπη <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>2.7</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ τὰ δέοντ' ἔχειν περιττὰ μισῶ</b> I [[hate]] [[extravagance]] in [[comparison]] with [[moderation]], <span class="bibl">Alex.254</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of persons, [[over-wise]], [[over-curious]], περισσὸς καὶ φρονῶν μέγα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>445</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>429</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ πολυπράγμων καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Plb.9.1.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν περὶ τὸ σῶμα θεραπείαν ἀκριβὴς καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>8</span>; so, of speakers, π. ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Δημοσθένης <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.119</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> as a term of praise, [[subtle]], [[acute]], ἀκριβὴς καὶ π. διάνοια <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span> 141b13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Arith., <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸς περισσός</b> an [[odd]], [[uneven]] [[number]], opp. [[ἄρτιος]], <span class="bibl">Epich.170.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Philol.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>356e</span>, etc.; π. ἡμέραι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span> 4.61</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ περιττὸν καὶ τὸ ἄρτιον</b> the [[nature]] of [[odd]] and [[even]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>451c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. χῶραι</b> the [[odd]] places in a verse, <span class="bibl">Heph.5.1</span>; <b class="b3">ἀρτιάκις περιττὸς ἀριθμός</b> a [[number]] [[divisible]] by an [[odd]] [[number]] an even number of times, as <span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">6</span>, <span class="bibl">10</span>, <span class="bibl">Euc.7</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>9. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[περισσότεροι]] [[more in number]], [[extra]], Carnead. ap. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>9.140</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[περιττόν]], τό, = [[στρύχνος]] [[μανικός]], [[θρύον]] ''ΙΙ'', <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.11.6</span>; περισσόν Dsc.4.73; περίσκον <span class="bibl">Orib.12.8.56</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Adv. [[περισσῶς]] = [[extraordinarily]], [[exceedingly]], θεοσεβέεες [[περισσῶς]] ἐόντες <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.37</span>; ἐπαινέσεται [[περισσῶς]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1197</span> (lyr.); [[περισσῶς]] παῖδας [[ἐκδιδάσκεσθαι]] = to have them [[educate]]d [[overmuch]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>295</span>; <b class="b3">περιττοτέρως τῶν ἄλλων</b> [[far above]] all others, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.44</span>; περισσότερον τοῦ ἑνός <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Pr.Im.</span>14</span>; also [[περισσά]] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.43</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>579</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[remarkably]], <b class="b3">περισσότερον τῶν ἄλλων θάψαι τινά</b> [[more]] [[sumptuously]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.129</span>; οἴκησις π. ἐσκευασμένη <span class="bibl">Plb.1.29.7</span>; <b class="b3">περιττότατα ἔχειν</b> to be [[most]] [[remarkable]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>589a31</span>; κοσμουμένη [[περισσῶς]] καὶ [[σεμνῶς]] Plu.2.145e; <b class="b3">περισσότατα ἀνθρώπων θρησκεύειν</b> [[in the most singular way]], <span class="bibl">D.C.37.17</span>; [[ἡδέως]] καὶ [[περισσῶς]] = [[in an uncommon manner]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>3</span>; εἰπεῖν [[στρογγύλως]] καὶ [[περισσῶς]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Is.</span>20</span>; <b class="b3">ἰδίως καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Thes.</span>19</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ καινῶς ἱστορούμενα καὶ π</b>. Id.2.30d. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[abundantly]], ἐχέτω π. τῆς κρόκης <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.41</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> with a neg., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν περισσὸν τούτων</b> nothing [[more than]] or [[beyond]] these, <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.6</span>; οὐδὲν τῶν ἄλλων περιττότερον πραγματεύεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>20c</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν π. ἢ εἰ</b>… no [[otherwise]] than if... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 219c</span>; [[περισσόν]] alone, [[furthermore]], <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ec.</span>12.12</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[τὰ περισσά]] = [[in vain]], AP12.182 (Strat.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[ἐκ περιττοῦ]] = [[superfluously]], [[uselessly]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>338c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>265e</span>; but <b class="b3">ὑπερέχειν ἐκ περιττοῦ</b> to [[be far superior]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>734d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">802d</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ κάμινος ἐκαύθη ἐκ περιττοῦ</b> Thd.<span class="title">Da.</span>3.22; ἐκ π. χρησάμενος τῇ παρρησίᾳ Luc.Pro Merc.Cond.13; cf. [[ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ]].</span>