περαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Philol.1</span>, etc.; poet. [[πειραίνω]] <span class="bibl">Arat.24</span>: also impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἐπείραινε <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).25</span>: fut. περᾰνῶ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>563</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>672e</span>; Ion. -ανέω, 3sg.-εῖ, Hp.<span class="title">Hat.Puer.</span>15, <span class="bibl">Meliss.5</span>: aor. ἐπέρᾱνα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>22</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span>207c</span>; Ion. aor. part. πειρήνας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>48</span>:—Med., pres., <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span>: fut. [[περανοῦμαι]] (δια-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>53c</span>: aor. ἐπερᾱνάμην (δι-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>900b</span>:—Pass., fut. περανθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>4.12</span> ([[περασθήσομαι]] is corrupt in Crito ap.Stob.3.3.63): aor. ἐπεράνθην <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.2.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>501c</span>, etc.: pf. 3sg. πεπέρανται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>502e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>273a4</span>; poet. πεπείρανται <span class="bibl">Od.12.37</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>581</span>; imper. πεπεράνθω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>736b</span>; inf. -άνθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>472b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Sens.</span>445b23</span>, -άσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Xen.</span>977b3</span> ([[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]); part. [[πεπερασμένος]] <span class="bibl">Zeno Eleat.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>145a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span> 82b32</span>, al.: (πέρας):—[[bring to an end]], [[finish]], [[accomplish]], Hom. only in Pass. (v. infr.); π. ἄταν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>830</span> (lyr.); [[πρᾶγος]] περαίνω = [[settle]] the [[business]], Lat. [[rem transigere]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>22</span>; πρᾶγμα καὶ χρησμοὺς θεοῦ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1569</span>; [[ἐλπίδα]], [[δόκησιν]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1062</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>636</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινὰ πρὸς ἔς χατον πλόον</b> [[bring]] him to the [[end]] of his [[voyage]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.28</span>; π. δίκας τινί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).25</span>; without [[δίκην]], [[finish the business]], <span class="bibl">D.38.24</span>; π. τὰ δέοντα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.38</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ προσταχθέν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.3.50</span>; ἐπέραινεν ἐφ' οἷς ἐμισθώθη <span class="bibl">D.18.149</span>; π. ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> 403</span>; [[πολλήν]] (sc. [[θάλασσαν]]) <span class="bibl">Arat.289</span>:—Pass., to [[be brought to an end]], [[be finished]], πάντα πεπείρανται = all [[come to pass]] <span class="bibl">Od.12.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>581</span>; περαίνεται δὴ τοὔργον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>57</span>, etc.; to [[be fulfilled]], [[be accomplished]], <b class="b3">χρησμός, τὰ λόγια περαίνεται</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1703</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>799</span>; ἡ συμμαχία ἐπεραίνετο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span> 7.4.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἔργῳ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.32</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[limit]], <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Comm.Math.</span>3</span>:— elsewhere Pass., to [[be limited]] or [[be finite]], τὸ ὅλον πεπεράνθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>207a16</span>;  τὰ δὲ [[πεπερασμένος|πεπερασμένα]] [[πεπερασμενάκις]] [[ἀνάγκη]] [[περαίνω|πεπεράνθαι]] [[πάντα]] = and the [[product]] of a [[finite]] [[number]] of things [[take]]n in a [[finite]] [[number]] of [[way]]s [[must]] [[always]] be [[finite]], Aristotle, ''Analytica Posteriora'' 82b32; <b class="b3">πεπέρανται [ὁ οὐρανός</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cael.</span>273a4</span>; especially in part. [[πεπερασμένος]], opp. [[ἄπειρος]], π. [[μέγεθος]], [[χρόνος]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>266b22</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cael.</span>272a15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in speaking, <b class="b3">π. μῦθον, λόγον</b>, [[proceed]] with a [[discourse]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1056</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 701</span>; εἰπὲ καὶ π. πάντα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>699</span>; π. ὅ τι λέγεις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>648</span>: abs., <b class="b3">περὶ σωφροσύνης ἤδη… περανῶ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">563</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1283</span>; πέραιν' ὥσπερ ἤρξω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>353b</span>; <b class="b3">πέραινε· σωθείης δὲ</b>… <span class="bibl">Men.65.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[recite from beginning to end]], ἰαμβεῖον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1170</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.19.245</span>; τραγῳδίαν <span class="bibl">Antiph.1.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">85.4</span>; νόμον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>29d</span>; [[recount]], [[relate]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>362</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>781</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> abs., [[effect one's purpose]], esp. with a neg., [[οὐδὲν περαίνω]] = [[come to]] no [[issue]], [[make]] no [[progress]], περαίνει δ' οὐδὲν ἡ [[προθυμία]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>589</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.6.86</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.8.8</span>; ἰατρευόμενοι… οὐδὲν περαίνουσι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>426a</span>; <b class="b3">ἵνα τι περαίνωμεν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">346a</span>; περαίνειν ἤδη ὥρα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.32</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[draw a conclusion]], [[infer]], [[διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου περαίνειν]] = [[by a reductio ad impossibile]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span> 41a23</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ περαίνων [λόγος</b>], a kind of [[syllogism]], <span class="bibl">D.L.7.44</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ τῶν π. λ</b>., title of work by Chrysippus:—freq. in Pass., <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν πλείοσι σχήμασι… περαινόμενον</b> the [[conclusion]] which is [[draw]]n, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span> 42b30</span>, etc.; [[περαίνεται]] c. acc. et inf., [[it is inferred]] that... Muson.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1p.2H., cf. Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.137 S. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> sens. obsc., <span class="bibl">Artem.1.80</span>, <span class="bibl">D.L.2.127</span>:—Pass., <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>14, <span class="title">AP</span>11.339, D.L.l.c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> intr., [[reach]], [[penetrate]], δι' ὤτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>57</span>(lyr.); εἰς τὸν ἐγκέφαλον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>492a21</span>; πρὸς [τὴν καρδίαν] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>666a13</span>; εἰς τὸ ἔξω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>716b28</span>: abs., [[penetrate]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>497a10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[come to an end]], <b class="b3">τὸ πεπερασμένον ἀεὶ πρός τι περαίνει</b> the [[finite]] [[always]] [[come]]s to [[some]] [[limit]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>203b21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Xen.</span>977b6</span>; [[end in]]... εἴς τι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>340</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>76a</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Arat.</span>52</span>, etc.; ἡ ὁδὸς π. ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cat.Ma.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[pierce]], h.Merc.48.</span>