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ψυχρός: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=psychros | |Transliteration C=psychros | ||
|Beta Code=yuxro/s | |Beta Code=yuxro/s | ||
|Definition=ά, όν, < | |Definition=ά, όν,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[cold]], [[χάλαζα]], [[νιφάς|νιφάδες]], [[χιών]], Il.15.171, 19.358, 22.152; <b class="b3">ψυχρὸς χαλκός</b> (as we say '[[cold]] [[steel]]') 5.75: freq. of [[water]], ψυχρὸν [[ὕδωρ]] Od.9.392, Th.2.49; [[ψυχρόν]] (without [[ὕδωρ]]) Thgn.263; λοῦνται ψυχρῷ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.37; ἀναγαργαρίζεσθαι ψυχρῷ ''IG''42(1).126.30 (Epid., ii A. D.) (but τὸ [[ψυχρόν]] also = [[ψῦχος]], [[cold]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.142); ψ. ὥστε λούσασθαι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.13.3: of the air, αὔρη ψ. Od.5.469; [[αἰθήρ]] Pi.''O.''13.88 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]); νύκτες Th.7.87; κυνὸς ψυχρὰ [[δύσις]] [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''432.11; <b class="b3">ψυχρὸς βίος</b> [[life]] [[in the cold]], Ar.''Pl.''263: especially of dead things, [[νέκυς]] (opp. <b class="b3">θερμὸν αἷμα</b>) [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''622; of [[cold]] [[meat]]s, Alex.173.4, etc.; of a [[snake]], Theoc.15.58: Comp. [[ψυχρότερος]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.22, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Philebus|Phlb.]]'' 24b: Sup. [[ψυχρότατος]] [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]1.41.<br><span class="bld">II</span> metaph.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[ineffectual]], [[vain]], [[ἐπικουρία|ἐπικουρίη]] ψ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.108; ἐπαρθεὶς ψυχρῇ νίκῃ Id.9.49; ψ. [[παραγκάλισμα]] [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''650; <b class="b3">θερμὴν ἐπὶ ψυχροῖσι καρδίαν ἔχεις</b> a [[hot]] [[spirit]] in a [[cold]] [[business]], ib.88.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of [[feeling]]s, ψ. [[τέρψις]], [[ἐλπίς]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''353, ''IA''1014.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[cold-hearted]], [[heartless]], [[indifferent]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.4.22, 23; ψ. καὶ μελαγχολικοί Arist.''MM'' 1203b1; ἐκ σιδάρου κεχάλκευται μέλαιναν καρδίαν ψυχρᾷ φλογί Pi.''Fr.'' 123.5; οὔτε ψ. εἶ οὔτε ζεστός ''Apoc.''3.15.<br><span class="bld">4</span> of [[flat]], [[lifeless]], [[insipid]] [[production]]s, <b class="b3">τὸν Παλαμήδην</b> (the play so named) ψυχρὸν ὄντ' αἰσχύνεται Ar.''Th.''848; [[σκῶμμα]].. [[σφόδρα]] ψ. Eup.244; <b class="b3">ψ. καὶ ἀηδὴς [Μοῦσα]</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''802d; ἕωλα καὶ ψ. D.21.112; πρᾶγμα.. φρέατος.. ψυχρότερον Ἀραρότος Alex.179, cf. Arist.''Rh.''1405b34, Demetr.''Eloc.''114, etc.: hence jokes in [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''138-140, Machoap.Ath.13.580a; also of authors themselves, γίνεται ψυχρός D.H.''Isoc.''3. Adv., ὁ δ' αὖ Θέογνις ψυχρὸς ὢν ψυχρῶς ποιεῖ Ar.''Th.''170; <b class="b3">σκώψαντι ψ. ἐπιγελάσαι</b> to [[laugh]] at a [[feeble]] [[joke]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Characters|Char.]]''2.4; τοὺς γοῦν ψυχροὺς ψ. λέγουσι διαλέγεσθαι Pl.''Euthd.''284e.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[silly]], γραϊδίοις ψυχροῖς ὁμιλοῦντες Jul.''Ep.''89b. [Written [[ψυχθρός]] ''IG''12(5).1104 (Syros, ii A. D.); cf. conversely [[μάκρα]] for [[μάκτρα]] ([[ψυχρός]] orig. '[[cooled]] by [[blowing]]' from [[ψύχω]] '[[blow]]').] | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1405.png Seite 1405]] | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1405.png Seite 1405]] [[kalt]], [[frostig]], [[kühl, frisch]], erfrischend; Hom. [[ὕδωρ]], Od. 9, 392. 17, 209; [[χάλαζα]], Il. 15, 171; νιφάδες, [[χιών]], 19, 358. 22, 152; auch [[χαλκός]], 5, 75; [[Βορέας]] Pind. Ol. 3, 34; [[αἰθήρ]], αὖραι, 13, 85. 9, 104; von allen Todten, Soph. O. C. 628, vgl. Valck. Phoen. 1448; [[δέμας]], [[νέκυς]], Lycophr. 396. 1113. – <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> von [[θερμός]], Plat. Phaed. 96 b u. öfter; ψυχρῷ λοῦνται Her. 2, 37. – Übertr., [[kalt]], [[frostig]], abgeschmackt, von Worten, Witzen u. Späßen, und von Menschen, [[kaltsinnig]], ohne Teilnahme, gleichgültig, ohne Geist und Leben; Ar. Plut. 263. 658 Th. 848; vgl. Plat. Euthyd. 284 e Legg. VII, 802 d; im <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> von [[σεμνός]] Isocr. 2, 34; vgl. Xen. Cyr. 8, 4,22; [[ὄνομα]] Dem. 19, 187; Sp. – Vom Leben od. Geschicke der Menschen, Schauder erregend, schauderhaft, θερμὴν ἐπὶ ψυχροῖσι καρδίαν ἔχεις Soph. Ant. 88; ärmlich, elend, [[βίος]] B. A. 116, durch [[δυσκίνητος]] erkl. – Von Haudlungen, erfolglos, vergeblich, [[ἐπικουρία]] Her. 6, 108, [[νίκη]], nichtiger, eitler Sieg, 9, 49, [[ἐλπίς]] Eur. I. A. 1014. | ||
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{{elru | {{elru | ||
|elrutext='''ψυχρός:'''<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[холодный]] ([[ὕδωρ]], [[χιών]], [[χαλκός]] Hom.; [[αἰθήρ]] Pind.; [[νέκυς]] Soph.; νύκτες Thuc.; [[ὄφις]] Theocr.; [[τέφρα]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[призрачный]], [[мнимый]] или [[напрасный]] (ἐπικουρίη, [[νίκη]] Her.; [[ἐλπίς]] Eur.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> перен. холодный, равнодушный, бесчувственный, бесстрастный ([[λέξις]] Arst.): ψ. ὢν γέλωτα παρέχειν Xen. оставаясь безучастным, вызывать (все же) смех;<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[бросающий в холод]], [[леденящий]]: θερμὴν ἐπὶ ψυχροῖσι καρδίαν ἔχειν Soph. горячо относиться к тому, от чего (других) бросает в холод;<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[безрадостный]] ([[τέρψις]] Eur.; [[βίος]] Arph.). - см. тж. [[ψυχρόν]]. | |elrutext='''ψυχρός:'''<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[холодный]] ([[ὕδωρ]], [[χιών]], [[χαλκός]] Hom.; [[αἰθήρ]] Pind.; [[νέκυς]] Soph.; νύκτες Thuc.; [[ὄφις]] Theocr.; [[τέφρα]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[призрачный]], [[мнимый]] или [[напрасный]] (ἐπικουρίη, [[νίκη]] Her.; [[ἐλπίς]] Eur.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> перен. [[холодный]], [[равнодушный]], [[бесчувственный]], [[бесстрастный]] ([[λέξις]] Arst.): ψ. ὢν γέλωτα παρέχειν Xen. оставаясь безучастным, вызывать (все же) смех;<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[бросающий в холод]], [[леденящий]]: θερμὴν ἐπὶ ψυχροῖσι καρδίαν ἔχειν Soph. горячо относиться к тому, от чего (других) бросает в холод;<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[безрадостный]] ([[τέρψις]] Eur.; [[βίος]] Arph.). - см. тж. [[ψυχρόν]]. | ||
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{{eles | |||
|esgtx=[[frío]] | |||
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{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
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|mantxt=Ἀπό τό [[ψύχω]], ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα. | |mantxt=Ἀπό τό [[ψύχω]], ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα. | ||
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{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[frigidus]]'', [[cold]], [[chilly]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.49.5/ 2.49.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.87.1/ 7.87.1]. | |||
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|trtx====[[cold]]=== | |||
Afrikaans: koud; Ainu: ヤㇺ; Albanian: ftohtë; Amharic: ቀዝቃዛ; Andi: содо; Arabic: بَارِد; Egyptian Arabic: برد; Armenian: սառը, պաղ; Aromanian: aratsi, aratse; Assamese: চেঁচা, ঠাণ্ডা, শীতল; Asturian: fríu; Azerbaijani: soyuq; Bashkir: һыуыҡ; Basque: hotz; Bavarian: koid; Belarusian: халодны, зі́мні; Bengali: ঠান্ডা, শীত, শৈত্য, হৈম; Breton: yen; Brunei Malay: sajuk; Bulgarian: студен; Burmese: အေး, ချမ်း; Caló: barojil; Catalan: fred; Cebuano: bugnaw; Chamicuro: me'sawa; Chechen: шийла; Cherokee: ᎤᏴᏜ; Chichewa: zizira; Chinese Cantonese: 凍／冻; Dungan: лын, бин, хан; Mandarin: 冷, 寒; Min Nan: 冷; Wu: 冷; Chuvash: сивӗ; Crimean Tatar: suvuq; Czech: studený, chladný; Danish: kold; Dutch: [[koud]], [[fris]], [[koel]]; Dzongkha: ཁོད་སི་སི།; Esperanto: malvarma; Estonian: külm; Even: гилси; Evenki: иӈинипчу; Faroese: kaldur, kølin; Fijian: batabata; Finnish: kylmä; French: [[froid]]; Friulian: frêt, frêd; Galician: frío; Georgian: ცივი; German: [[kalt]]; Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃; Greek: [[κρύος]], [[ψυχρός]]; Ancient Greek: [[ψυχρός]], [[κρυερός]]; Greenlandic: nillertoq; Guaraní: ro'y; Gujarati: ઠંડું; Haitian Creole: frèt; Hausa: sansanya; Hawaiian: anu, anuanu, koʻekoʻe, huʻihuʻi; Hebrew: קַר, צוֹנֵן; Higaonon: matino; Hindi: ठंडा, शीत, शीतल, हिम, सर्द; Hungarian: hideg; Icelandic: kaldur; Ido: kolda; Ilocano: ék; Indonesian: dingin; Ingrian: kylmä; Ingush: шийла; Interlingua: frigide; Irish: fuar, dearóil; Old Irish: úar; Ishkashimi: سرد; Istriot: frido; Italian: [[freddo]], [[gelato]], [[gelido]]; Japanese: 冷たい, 寒い; Javanese: adhem; Kabuverdianu: friu; Kannada: ತಣ್ಣನೆಯ; Kapampangan: dimla; Kazakh: салқын, суық; Khmer: រងា, ត្រជាក់; Korean: 찬, 차다, 춥다; Kurdish Central Kurdish: سارد; Northern Kurdish: sar, sard; Kyrgyz: салкын, суук; Ladino: frio, yelado, kalade; Lao: ໜາວ; Latgalian: solts, soltons; Latin: [[algidus]], [[frigidus]]; Latvian: auksts, salts; Lithuanian: šaltas; Lombard: fredd, fregg; Luxembourgish: kal; Macedonian: студен, ладен; Maguindanao: matengaw; Malay: sejuk; Malayalam: തണുത്ത, ശീത; Maltese: kiesaħ; Manchu: ᠪᡝᡳᡴᡠᠸᡝᠨ, ᡧᠠᡥᡡᡵᡠᠨ; Maori: kōpeke, mātao, hōtoke, māeke, makariri, anu, anuanutanga; Maranao: matenggaw; Marathi: थंड; Mirandese: friu; Mòcheno: khòlt; Mongolian: хүйтэн, хөндий; Nanai: гичиси; Navajo: hakʼaz, sikʼaz; Neapolitan: friddo; Nepali: चिसो, ठण्डा; Ngazidja Comorian: -a ɓariɗi; Nivkh: тивдь; Norman: fraid; Northern Ohlone: káw̄i'; Norwegian: kald; Occitan: freid, fred, freg; Odia: ଶୀତଳ; Okinawan: ふぃじゅるさん, ふぃーさん; Old Church Slavonic: хладьнъ; Old English: ċeald; Old Javanese: aḍom; Ossetian: уазал; Ottoman Turkish: صوغوق; Papiamentu: fríu; Pashto: سوړ; Pela: kjaʔ³¹; Persian: سرد; Piedmontese: frèid; Pitjantjatjara: wari; Plautdietsch: kolt; Polish: zimny; Portuguese: [[frio]], [[gelado]]; Punjabi: ਠਂਡਾ; Quechua: qasa, ciri, gasa, chiri; Rapa Nui: takeo; Romani: śilalo; Romanian: rece; Romansch: fraid; Russian: [[холодный]], [[студёный]]; Samoan: maalili; Samogitian: šalts; Sanskrit: शीत; Santali: ᱥᱤᱛᱳᱞ; Sardinian: fríghidu; Scots: cauld; Scottish Gaelic: fuar; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: хладан, сту̀ден; Roman: hládan, stùden; Sicilian: friddu; Sinhalese: සීතල; Slovak: studený, chladný; Slovene: mrzel, hladen; Somali: qabow; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: zymny; Upper Sorbian: zymny, chłódny; Spanish: [[frío]]; Sundanese: tiis; Swahili: baridi; Swedish: kall, frusen; Tagalog: lamig; Tajik: хунук; Tamil: குளுழு, பணி; Tarantino: fridde; Tarifit: asemmiḍ; Tatar: салкын; Telugu: శీతల, చల్లని; Tetum: malirin; Thai: เย็น, หนาว; Tibetan: གྲང་མོ།; Tocharian B: krośce; Tongan: mokomoko; Tupinambá: ro'y; Turkish: soğuk; Turkmen: sowuk; Tuvan: соок; Udi: ми; Udmurt: кезьыт; Ukrainian: холодний, зимний; Urdu: ٹھنڈا; Uyghur: سوغۇق; Uzbek: sovuq; Venetian: fredo, fret; Vietnamese: lạnh, lạnh lẽo, nguội; Volapük: koldik; Welsh: oer; West Frisian: ferkâldzjen, kjeld, kâld; Yagnobi: сорт; Yiddish: קאַלט; Zazaki: serd, sard, sow; Zealandic: waerm | |||
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