βάσανος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[touchstone]], on which pure gold leaves a yellow streak, ἐς βάσανον δ' ἐλθὼν παρατρίβομαι ὥστε μολύβδῳ χρυσός <span class="bibl">Thgn.417</span>; χρυσὸν τριβόμενον βασάνῳ <span class="bibl">Id.450</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1105</span>; παρατρίβεσθαι πρὸς τὰς β. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Col.</span>793b1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span> 597b2</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">βάσανος τοῦ ἀρώματος</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τοῦ κινναμώμου</b>) τὴν αἶγα εἶναι <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>3.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> the [[use of a touchstone as a test]], χρυσὸς ἐν β. πρέπει <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.67</span>: generally, [[test]], [[trial of genuineness]], <b class="b3">οὐκ ἔστιν μείζων βάσανος χρόνου</b> [Simon.]<span class="bibl">175.1</span>; δόμεν τι βασάνῳ ἐς ἔλεγχον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>8.20</span>; σοφὸς ὤφθη βασάνῳ θ' ἁδύπολις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>510</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">494</span>; βάσανον λαμβάνειν περί τινος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>648b</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς β. εἶ χερῶν</b> wilt come to a [[trial]] of [[strength]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>835</span>; πλοῦτος β. ἀνθρώπου τρόπων <span class="bibl">Antiph.232.5</span>; [<b class="b3">νόσου] ἔσχ' ἐπὶ σοὶ βάσανον</b> had [[experienced]] it in you, i. e. you had had it first, <span class="title">IG</span>14.1320; <b class="b3">βάσανον ὑποκείσονται</b> will be subjected to a [[test]], of [[candidate]]s, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>58.25</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[inquiry by torture]], ἐς πᾶσαν β. ἀπικνέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.110</span>; εἰς βάσανον [[αἰτεῖν]] <span class="bibl">Herod.2.88</span>; ἐξετάσαι διὰ βασάνων <span class="title">SIG</span>780.12 (Astypalaea, Aug.); esp. at Athens, used to extort evidence from slaves, εἰς β. δέχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Antipho1.12</span>; εἰς βάσανον παραδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Is.8.17</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ βασάνων εἰπεῖν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">12</span>: in plural, [[confession upon torture]], <span class="bibl">D. 53.24</span>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>5</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1355b37</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[agony]] of [[battle]], ἡ κατὰ τὸ ἔργον β. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>6.24</span>; [[torture]]s of [[disease]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>4.24</span>; cf. [[ἐπάγρυπνος]] β. <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.211.28</span>; also ψυχικαί <span class="bibl">Id.182.19</span>; [[torment]]s of [[hell]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>16.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[trespass-offering]], <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>6.17</span>.—Oriental word.</span>