πήγνυμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=3pl.<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> πηγνύουσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.72</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>6.6.9</span>, but πηγνῦσι Hdt. [[l.c.]] codd. plur., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span>2.60</span>; opt. πήγνυτο <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>118a</span> codd.; inf. πηγνύειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.7</span>, Dsc.4.95: impf. πήγνυον <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">L.</span>567</span> (περι-), <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>5.50</span>: late form of pres. πήσσω ([[quod vide|q.v.]]): fut. πήξω <span class="bibl">Il.22.283</span>; Dor. πάξω <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.3</span>: aor. [[ἔπηξα]], Ep. πῆξα <span class="bibl">Od.12.15</span>, etc.; Aeol. part. πάξαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10</span>(II).<span class="bibl">45</span>: pf. [[πέπηχα]], only plpf. ἐμ-πεπήχεσαν <span class="bibl">D.C.40.40</span>:—Med. in trans. sense, πήγνῠμαι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>809</span>: fut. πήξομαι Gal. 10.388: aor. ἐπηξάμην <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>455</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.12</span>, etc.:—Pass. [[πήγνῠμαι]]: fut. πᾰγήσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>437</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span>; [[πήξομαι]] (as Pass.) Hp.Aër.8: aor. 1 [[ἐπήχθην]], Ep. 3pl. πῆχθεν <span class="bibl">Il.8.298</span>, Dor. subj. παχθῇ <span class="bibl">Theoc.23.31</span>, part. πηχθείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>302</span>: more freq. aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐπάγην [ᾰ]</b>, Ep. [[πάγην]], Ep. 3pl. πάγεν <span class="bibl">Il.11.572</span>; part. παγείς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>190</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>395</span>: pf. [[πέπηγμαι]] (κατα-, συμ-) <span class="bibl">D.H.5.46</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>2.21.1</span>: plpf. ἐπέπηκτο <span class="bibl">Jul. <span class="title">Or.</span>3.123b</span>; but in the best authors, [[πέπηγα]] is used as the pf. Pass., <span class="bibl">Il.3.135</span>, etc.; Aeol. πέπᾱγα <span class="bibl">Alc.34</span>; opt. πεπαγοίην <span class="bibl">Eup.435</span>: plpf. ἐπεπήγειν <span class="bibl">Il.13.442</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.23</span>: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[stick]] or [[fix in]], <b class="b3">ἐν δὲ μετώπῳ πῆξε [τὴν αἰχμήν</b>] <span class="bibl">Il.4.460</span>, etc.; ἔνθα οἱ ἔγχος ἔπηξε <span class="bibl">13.570</span>; ἐν γαίῃ π. ἐρετμόν <span class="bibl">Od.23.276</span> (or γαίῃ <span class="bibl">11.129</span>); π. ἐπὶ τύμβῳ ἐρετμόν <span class="bibl">11.77</span> (or τύμβῳ <span class="bibl">12.15</span>); [<b class="b3">γύην] ἐν ἐλύματι π</b>. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>430</span>; ἔπαξε διὰ φρενῶν ξίφος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.26</span>; [[fix in the earth]], [[plant]], σκῆπτρον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>420</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>821</span>; <b class="b3">σκηνήν, σκηνὰς π</b>., [[pitch]] a tent, <span class="bibl">And.4.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>817c</span> (in Med., <b class="b3">σκηνὰς πηξάμενοι</b> [[pitching themselves]] tents, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.12</span>); <b class="b3">σταύρωμα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.6.66</span>; τὰς σχαλίδας π. ὑπτίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.7</span>; [[plant]] seeds or cuttings, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>6.6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">7.4.10</span>: intr. pf. and Pass., <b class="b3">δόρυ δ' ἐν κραδίῃ ἐπεπήγει</b> the spear [[stuck fast]] in his heart, <span class="bibl">Il.13.442</span>; [δοῦρα] ἐν χροῒ πήγνυτο <span class="bibl">15.315</span>; [ὀϊστοὶ] ἐν χροῒ πῆχθεν <span class="bibl">8.298</span>; δοῦρα ἐν σάκεϊ πάγεν <span class="bibl">11.572</span>; [ξίφος] πέπηγεν ἐν γῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>819</span>; σκηνὴ ἔσκε πεπηγυῖα ἑτοίμη <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.119</span>; <b class="b3">κυρβασίας ὀρθὰς πεπηγυίας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">64</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">ἐν ἀλλήλοις χείλεα πηξάμενοι</b>, of kissing, <span class="title">AP</span>5.254 (Paul. Sil.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[stick]] or [[fix on]], κεφαλὴν ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.18.177</span>; σκόλοψι δέμας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span> 1430</span>; κρᾶτα πήξασ' ἐπ' ἄκρον θύρσον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1141</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ βουπόροισι πηχθέντας μέλη ὀβελοῖσι</b> [[having their]] limbs [[fixed]] on spits, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span> 302</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ ῥάχιν παγέντες</b> [[impaled]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>190</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[fix upon]] an object, <b class="b3">κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.3.217</span>: intr. pf., πρὸς ἀστρονομίαν ὄμματα πέπηγεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>53o</span>d, cf. Jul. l. c. (Pass.); πεπηγυῖα τὰς τῶν ὀμμάτων βολὰς ἐς τὰ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπόρρητα <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>11</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">ἡ σοφία ἀρέσκειν πέπηγε</b> [[is bent upon]] pleasing, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>605a</span>: abs., <b class="b3">τὸ πεπηγὸς ὄμμα</b> [[immovable]] eye, [[fixed]] gaze, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>1.46</span>, cf. Gal.16.610. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[fasten]] [different parts] [[together]], [[fit together]], [[build]], νῆας πῆξαι <span class="bibl">Il.2.664</span>; <b class="b3">ἴκρια π</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.5.163</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">πήξασθαι ἄμαξαν</b> [[build oneself]] a wagon, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>455</span>; νέας πηξάμενοι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.83</span>:—Pass., to [[be joined]] or [[put together]], ψυχὴ καὶ σῶμα παγέν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[make solid]] or [[stiff]], especially of liquids, [[freeze]], θεὸς… πήγνυσι πᾶν ῥέεθρον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>496</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς ποταμοὺς ἔπηξε</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁ θεός</b>) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>139</span>; βορρᾶς πηγνὺς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>4.5.3</span>; [[curdle]], γάλα Dsc.4.95:—Med., <b class="b3">τυροὺς πήγνυσθαι</b> [[to make oneself]] cheese (by curdling the milk), Luc.<span class="title">VH</span>1.24:—Pass. and intr. pf., [[become solid]], [[stiffen]], γοῦνα πήγνυται <span class="bibl">Il.22.453</span>; ἄρθρα πέπηγέ μου <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1395</span> (but also, [[become firm]] or [[set]], of limbs, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>2.11</span>; πεπηγυῖα ὑγιεινὴ κατάστασις <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Thras.</span>7</span>); of liquids, [[freeze]], ἡ θάλασσα πήγνυται <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.28</span>; <b class="b3">ἅλες πήγνυνται</b> salt [[crystallizes]], ib.<span class="bibl">53</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">6.119</span>; φόνος πέπηγεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>67</span>(lyr.); πεπάγαισιν ὐδάτων ῤόαι <span class="bibl">Alc.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.4.3</span>; <b class="b3">κρύσταλλος ἐπεπήγει οὐ βέβαιος</b> [[was]] not [[frozen]] so as to bear, <span class="bibl">Th.3.23</span>; ἁνίκα [χιὼν] παχθῇ <span class="bibl">Theoc.23.31</span>; <b class="b3">ὄστρακον [ᾠοῦ] π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span> 752a35</span>; <b class="b3">γάλα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>676a14</span>; <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμῶν οἱ μὲν ὑγιεῖς, οἱ δὲ πεπηγότες</b> [[blind]], of buds, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>5.12.10</span>: metaph., to [[be petrified]], [[struck dumb]], <span class="bibl">Antiph.166.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., [[fix]], ὅρους τοῖς βαρβάροις <span class="bibl">Lycurg.73</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aristopho 9.7</span>: Astrol., [[fix]], [[determine]] a nativity, Sch. <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>103</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">ὄφρα ἐν φρασὶ πάξαιθ', ὅπως</b>… that [[he might keep it fixed in his]] heart, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.62</span>; [[establish]], χορούς <span class="bibl">Him.<span class="title">Or.</span>16.6</span>:— Pass. and intr. pf., to [[be irrevocably fixed]], [[established]], εἷς ὅρος ἡμῖν παγήσεται <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span>; [[πῆγμα]] (Aurat. for [[πῆμα]]) γενναίως παγέν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1198</span>; κακῶς παγέντας ὅρκους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>395</span>; ὀρθὰς παγείσας φρένας <span class="bibl">Carc. 6.2</span>; μὴ γὰρ ὡς θεῷ νομίζετ' ἐκείνῳ τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι πράγματα ἀθάνατα <span class="bibl">D.4.8</span>; τὰ καλῶς πεπηγότα τῇ φύσει <span class="bibl">Id.25.90</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[pango]].) </span>

|mdlsjtxt=[[πέπηγα]] is [[generally]] used as perf. [[pass]].]<br />Radical [[sense]], to make [[fast]]; intr. and Pass. to be [[solid]]:<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[stick]] or fix in, ἐν δὲ μετώπωι [[πῆξε]] [τὴν αἰχμήν] Il.; π. ἐπὶ τύμβωι [[ἐρετμόν]] Od.:— to fix in the [[earth]], [[plant]], Soph.; σκηνὴν π. to [[pitch]] a [[tent]], Plat.; (so Mid., σκηνὰς [[πήξασθαι]] to [[pitch]] [[their]] tents, Hdt.):—intr. perf. and Pass., [[δόρυ]] δ' ἐν κραδίηι ἐπεπήγει the [[spear]] stuck [[fast]] in his [[heart]], Il.; ὀϊστοὶ πῆχθεν ἐν [[χροΐ]] Il.; [[ξίφος]] πέπηγεν ἐν γῆι Soph.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[stick]] or fix on, κεφαλὴν ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι π. to [[stick]] the [[head]] on stakes, Il., etc.: —Pass., πηχθέντας [[μέλη]] ὀβελοῖσι having [[their]] limbs [[fixed]] on spits, Eur.; παγέντες [[impaled]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to fix the eyes [[upon]] an [[object]], κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα π. Il.; ὄμματα [[πέπηγε]] πρός τι Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[fasten]] [[together]], [[construct]], [[build]], [[νῆας]] [[πῆξαι]] Il.; so Mid., ἄμαξαν [[πήξασθαι]] to [[build]] [[oneself]] a wagon, Hes.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to make [[solid]], [[stiff]], [[hard]], of liquids, to [[freeze]], θεὸς πήγνυσι πᾶν [[ῥέεθρον]] Aesch.; ἔπηξε (sc. ὁ θεὸς) τοὺς ποταμούς Ar.:—intr. perf. and Pass. to [[become]] [[solid]], [[stiff]] or [[hard]], [[γοῦνα]] πήγνυται the limbs [[stiffen]], Il.; of liquids, to [[become]] [[congealed]], [[freeze]], Hdt.; [[ἅλες]] πήγνυνται the [[salt]] crystallises, Hdt.; [[κρύσταλλος]] ἐπεπήγει οὐ [[βέβαιος]] was not [[frozen]] [[strong]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> metaph. to fix, Lat. pangere [[foedus]], intr. perf. and Pass. to be [[irrevocably]] [[fixed]], established, εἷς [[ὅρος]] [[ἡμῖν]] παγήσεται Thuc.; μὴ γὰρ ὡς θεῶι νομίζετ' ἐκείνωι τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι πράγματα ἀθάνατα Dem.