μέλος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[member]], in older lit. only pl. [[limbs]] (Il.; cf. Wackernagel Syntax 1, 88), <b class="b2">(organized) tune, song, melody</b> (h. Hom. 19, 16, Thgn., Pi., IA.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">λυσι-μελής</b> [[limb-relaxing]] (Od.), also with allusion to the <b class="b3">μελεδήματα υ</b> 57; s. Risch Eumusia. Festschr. Howald (1947) 87 f.; <b class="b3">μελο-ποιός</b> [[poet of songs]] with <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">μελεσί-πτερος</b> [[with singing wings]], of a cicada (AP; after the types <b class="b3">ἑλκεσί-πεπλος</b>, Schwyzer 443 f.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: [[μελύδριον]] [[small song]] (Ar., Theoc.), pl. <b class="b3">-ια</b> [[poor limbs]] (M. Ant.); <b class="b3">μελίσκ(ι)ον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Alcm., Antiph.), s. Chantrame Form. 73 a. 406. 2. Adj. [[μελικός]] [[lyric]] (D. H., Plu.). 3. Adv. [[μεληδόν]] [[part by part]] (Poseidon.); on <b class="b3">μελ(ε)ϊστί</b> s. below. -- 4. Verbs: A. [[μελίζω]] 1. [[analyse]], also with <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> (Pherecyd. Hist., LXX). 2. [[sing]], [[sing of]], also with <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>(Pi., A., Theoc.). Further [[μελισμός]] (<b class="b3">δια-</b>) [[analysis]] (Plu.), [[song]] (Str.), [[μέλισμα]] [[song]], [[melody]] (Theoc., AP); [[μελικτάς]] (Theoc., Mosch.), <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> (Anacreont.) [[flute-player]]; [[μελιστί]] [[limb for limb]] (J.), older form [[μελεϊστί]] (Hom.), prob. from <b class="b3">*μελεΐζω</b>, s. Bechtel Lex. s.v., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 250, Risch 310; cf. Schwyzer 440 w. n. 10, 623. -- B. [[μελεάζω]] [[execute a recitative]] (Nicom. Harm.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: On the double meaning [[member]] and [[tune]], [[song]] cf. Ir. [[alt]] [[member]] and [[poem]] (s. also Diehl RhM 89, 88 a. 92 f.). I the sense of [[member]] [[μέλος]] has been replaced by synonymous terms like [[κῶλον]], [[ἄρθρον]]. -- To judge by the structure old (cf. [[ἕδος]], [[ἔπος]], [[γένος]] a. o.). [[μέλος]] does not have an immediate agreement. Possible is however (with Fick. 2, 215) the comparison with a Celtic wor for [[knuckle]], Bret. [[mell]], Corn. [[mal]], pl. [[mellow]], to which also Welsh [[cym-mal]] [[articulus]], [[iunctura]], [[commissura]], which can go back on PCelt. <b class="b2">*melsā</b> and relates then to [[μέλος]] as e.g. Skt. [[vats-á-]] [[calf]] to [[Ϝέτος]] [[year]] (s. v.). A velar enlargement has been supposed in Toch. AB [[mälk-]] [[piece together]], [[join]], also in Hitt. [[malk-]] <b class="b2">implicate, twist together (?)</b> (v. Windekens Lex. étym. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] and Kronasser Studies Whatmough 121). -- Diff., certainly not better, Szemerényi AmJPh 72, 346ff.: to [[μολεῖν]], [[μέλλω]] etc. -- Skt. [[márman-]] n. <b class="b2">weak (deathly?) place of the body</b> and Balt., e.g. Lith. [[melmuõ]] <b class="b2">cross(?) of the body, backbone</b>, pl. [[mélmenys]] [[meat parts surrounding the kidneys]], (Fick 1, 109 a. 2, 215), must be rejected; s. Porzig IF 42, 254f. and Fraenkel IF 59, 153ff (Wb. s. [[mélmenys]]). Very doubtful Koller, Glotta 43 (1965)24-38.