ἔμπροσθεν: Difference between revisions

|btext=<i>adv. et prép.</i><br />en avant, avant :<br /><b>1</b> <i>avec idée de lieu</i> devant, en avant ; τὸ <i>ou</i> τὰ [[ἔμπροσθεν]] HDT le devant, le front (d'une troupe, <i>etc.</i>) ; ἐκ τοῦ [[ἔμπροσθεν]] [[στῆναι]] XÉN se tenir en face ; [[εἰς]] τὸ [[ἔμπροσθεν]] HDT se diriger en avant ; ἔμπροσθέν τινος HDT en avant de qch;<br /><b>2</b> <i>avec idée de temps</i> auparavant : ὁ [[ἔμπροσθεν]] [[χρόνος]] XÉN le temps antérieur ; ἑτέρη [[γνώμη]] [[ἔμπροσθεν]] [[ταύτης]] HDT l'autre avis antérieur à celui-ci ; [[ἔμπροσθεν]] [[εἶναι]] τῶν πραγμάτων DÉM devancer les événements, les prévenir pour les diriger;<br /><b>[[NT]]</b>: en présence de.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἐν]], [[πρόσθεν]].

|txtha=(Tdf. in ἐνπροσθεν ([[see]] ἐν, III:3; cf. [[Alexander]] Buttmann (1873) 8)), adverb of [[place]] and of [[time]] (from ἐν and [[πρόσθεν]], [[properly]], in the [[fore]] [[part]]); (from [[Herodotus]] down); the Sept. [[chiefly]] for לִפְנֵי; [[before]]. In the N. T. used [[only]] of [[place]];<br /><b class="num">1.</b> adverbially, in [[front]], [[before]]: [[ὄπισθεν]], as in Palaeph. 29,2). [[before]]: πορεύεσθαι, to [[precede]], to go [[before]], προδραμών [[ἔμπροσθεν]], T WH [[εἰς]] τό [[ἔμπροσθεν]], cf. [[Herodotus]] 4,61 (8,89)), [[like]] προπορεύεσθαι [[ἔμπροσθεν]], [[Xenophon]], Cyril 4,2, 23 ([[figuratively]], [[Plato]], [[Gorgias]], p. 497a. προιθι [[εἰς]] τό [[ἔμπροσθεν]]); τά [[ἔμπροσθεν]] the things [[which]] [[lie]] [[before]] [[one]] advancing, the [[goal]] [[set]] [[before]] [[one]], τά [[ὀπίσω]]).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> it serves as a preposition, [[with]] the genitive (Buttmann, 319 (274); Winer's Grammar, § 54,6);<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[before]], i. e. in [[that]] [[local]] [[region]] [[which]] is in [[front]] of a [[person]] or a [[thing]]: [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τῶν ποδῶν τίνος, γονυπέτειν [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τίνος, πορεύεσθαι [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τίνος, to go [[before]] [[one]], ἀποστέλλεσθαι [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τίνος, to be sent [[before]] [[one]], σαλπίζειν [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τίνος, [[τήν]] ὁδόν κατασκευάσαι, [[where]] [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τίνος is [[nearly]] equivalent to a dative (cf. Buttmann, 172 (150)), [[before]], in the [[presence]] of, equivalent to [[opposite]] to, [[over]] [[against]] [[one]]: [[στῆναι]], ὁμολογεῖν and ἀρνεῖσθαι (Buttmann, 176 (153)), [[before]] [[one]], i. e. at his [[tribunal]]: [[εὐδοκία]], [[θέλημα]] ἐστι [[ἔμπροσθεν]] Θεοῦ, it is the [[good]] [[pleasure]], the [[will]] of God, יְהוָה הואִיל, God wills, Jonathan the targumist renders יְהוָה קֲדָם רַעֲוָא; cf. Fischer, De vitiis lexamples N. T. etc., p. 329f; (cf. Buttmann, 172 (150)). o. [[before]] i. e. in the [[sight]] of [[one]]: T Tr marginal [[reading]] WH; L T Tr WH.<br /><b class="num">d.</b> [[before]], denoting [[rank]]: γεγονέναι [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τίνος, to [[have]] obtained greater [[dignity]] [[than]] [[another]], R L brackets; (ἔθηκε [[τόν]] Αφραιμ [[ἔμπροσθεν]] τοῦ Μανασσῆ; (cf. [[Plato]], legg. 1,631d.; 5,743e.; 7,805d.)).