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καταστρέφω: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=katastrefo | |Transliteration C=katastrefo | ||
|Beta Code=katastre/fw | |Beta Code=katastre/fw | ||
|Definition=pf. [[κατέστραφα]] (trans.) | |Definition=pf. [[κατέστραφα]] (trans.) Plb.23.11.2:—Pass., fut.<br><span class="bld">A</span> καταστρᾰφήσομαι D.C.42.42: pf. imper. κατεστρέφθω Epicur. (v. infr.): plpf. 3sg. κατέστραπτο Hdn. (v. infr.); 3pl. κατεστράφατο D.C.39.5:—[[turn down]], [[trample on]], ποσσί ''h.Ap.''73; [[turn the soil]], X.''Oec.''17.10; <b class="b3">κάνθαρον κ.</b> [[turn]] it [[upside down]], so as to drain it, Alex.115, cf. Sotad. Com.1.33, [[LXX]] ''4 Ki.''21.13; κατεστραμμένῳ τῷ ὀστράκῳ [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]'' 622b8.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[upset]], [[overturn]], τὴν πόλιν κ. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''274; τὰς εἰκόνας D.L.5.82; [[ruin]], [[undo]], βίον καὶ τέκνα καὶ πόλεις Plb.23.11.2; τινα ''AP'' 11.163 (Lucill.):—Pass., τὰ προάστεια κατέστραπτο Hdn.8.4.8.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Med., [[subject to oneself]], [[subdue]], πολέμῳ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.64, cf. 71, al., Th.3.13, D.18.244, etc.; νόσον E.''Hipp.''477; <b class="b3">τοὺς μὲν κατεστρέψατο ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγήν</b> [[subdued and made]] them tributary, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.6: c. inf., Ἰωνίην κατεστρέψατο δασμοφόρον εἶναι Id.7.51.<br><span class="bld">3</span> Pass., in aor. and pf., to [[be subdued]], Id.1.130,68: plpf., Th.5.29: c.inf., <b class="b3">ἀκούειν σοῦ κατέστραμμαι</b> [[am constrained]] to hear, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Agamemnon|Ag.]]''956: pf. Pass. also in sense of Med., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.171; πάντα κατέστραπται καὶ ἔχει D.4.6, cf. X.''HG''5.2.38, Isoc.5.21.<br><span class="bld">III</span> of a floating solid, [[right itself]], Archim. ''Fluit.'' 2.9 (Pass.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> intr., [[return]], εἰς ταὐτόν Arist.''Pr.''921a26, cf. ''Mech.'' 856b17.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[turn round]], [[direct]], ([[καταπάλτην]]) [[train]] it on the enemy, Ph.''Bel.''82.14; esp. towards an end, <b class="b3">ποῖ καταστρέφεις λόγων τελευτήν</b>; [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''787; οὕτω κατέστρεψεν ἡ τύχη ταῦτα, ὥστ' ἐναντία γενέσθαι τοῖς προσδοκωμένοις Din.1.32; <b class="b3">κατέστρεψεν εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν τοὺς λόγους</b> [[guided]] the conversations [[to]] a friendly [[end]], Aeschin.2.39: hence, [[bring to an end]], <b class="b3">κ. τὴν βίβλον, τὸν λόγον</b>, Plb.3.118.10, 22.9.4 (Pass., ταῦτα μὲν αὐτοῦ κατεστρέφθω Epicur.''Nat.''14.6); esp. <b class="b3">κ. τὸν βίον</b> Cebes 10, Ael.''NA''13.21, Plu.''Thes.''19,etc.; ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων Id.''Comp.Sol.Publ.''1: abs., [[come to an end]], [[close]], Plb.4.2.1; τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ καταστρέφοντος Plu.''Caes.''51; esp. [[end life]], [[die]], Epicur.''Ep.''3p.61U., Plu.''Them.''31, Arr.''An.''7.3.1, Hdn.5.8.10; <b class="b3">κ. εἰς ἀπώλειαν</b> [[end]] in... Alciphr.3.70; τοὺς λόγους ἐπὶ τὰ πράγματα καταστρέφειν οἰόμενος Plu. ''Phil.''4; <b class="b3">ἡ ἡμέρα κ. εἰς ὥραν δεκάτην</b> [[inclines]] towards... Id.''Sull.'' 29.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Rhet., metaph., <b class="b3">λέξις κατεστραμμένη</b> [[periodic]] style, opp. [[εἰρομένη]], Arist.''Rh.''1409a26, cf. Demetr.''Eloc.''12,21.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[screw]] or [[stretch tight]], αἱ κατεστραμμέναι χορδαί Arist.''Aud.''803a28. | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=<b>I.</b> [[tourner sens dessus dessous]], [[retourner]], acc. ; <i>abs.</i> retourner le sol avec la charrue ; <i>avec idée de violence</i>;<br /><b>1</b> [[bouleverser]], [[abattre]], [[détruire]], acc.;<br /><b>2</b> [[soumettre]] <i>seul. au Pass.</i> : τὰ κατεστραμμένα ἔθνη XÉN les peuples soumis ; avec un inf. : ἀκούειν [[σοῦ]] κατέστραμμαι ESCHL je suis contraint de | |btext=<b>I.</b> [[tourner sens dessus dessous]], [[retourner]], acc. ; <i>abs.</i> retourner le sol avec la charrue ; <i>avec idée de violence</i>;<br /><b>1</b> [[bouleverser]], [[abattre]], [[détruire]], acc.;<br /><b>2</b> [[soumettre]] <i>seul. au Pass.</i> : τὰ κατεστραμμένα ἔθνη XÉN les peuples soumis ; avec un inf. : ἀκούειν [[σοῦ]] κατέστραμμαι ESCHL je suis contraint de t'écouter;<br /><b>II.</b> dérouler jusqu'au bout : λόγων τελευτήν ESCHL la fin d'un discours ; finir, terminer, cesser ; <i>intr.</i> :<br /><b>1</b> cesser : [[εἴς]] <i>ou</i> [[ἐπί]] τι finir par qch, aboutir à qch;<br /><b>2</b> [[mourir]];<br /><b>III.</b> [[tresser fortement]] : [[λέξις]] κατεστραμμένη ARSTT style périodique;<br /><i><b>Moy.</b></i> [[καταστρέφομαι]];<br /><b>1</b> [[bouleverser]], [[saccager]], [[anéantir]], acc.;<br /><b>2</b> [[soumettre à sa puissance]], acc. ; avec un inf. : Ἰωνίην κατεστρέψατο δασμοφόρον [[εἶναι]] HDT il soumit l'Ionie qu'il fit tributaire (des Perses) ; <i>fig.</i> se rendre maître de, surmonter, acc. ; <i>au pf.</i> κατέστραμμαι avoir conquis, posséder, acc..<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[κατά]], [[στρέφω]]. | ||
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{{elnl | {{elnl | ||
|elnltext=κατα-στρέφω, Ion. plqperf. med.-pass. 3 plur. κατεστράφατο, met acc., causat. (doen) omkeren, omver gooien:; κ. τὰς τραπέζας τῶν κολλυβιστῶν de tafels van de geldwisselaars NT Mt. 21.12; overdr.: κ. τὴν πόλιν de stad op z’n kop zetten Aristoph. Eq. 274. draaien naar, richten op:; ποῖ καταστρέφεις λόγων τελευτήν; waarheen leidt u de conclusie uw woorden? Aeschl. Pers. 787; spec. op het einde richten, beëindigen:; κ. τὸν βίον het leven beëindigen Plut. Thes. 19.8; pregn. ( ''[[sc.]]'' τὸν βίον ) sterven:; αἷμα ταύρειον πιὼν κατέστρεψε toen hij het stierenbloed gedronken had stierf hij Plut. Them. 31.6; abs. eindigen, aflopen:. τοὺς λόγους ἐπὶ τὰ πράγματα καταστρέφειν οἰόμενος in de mening dat woorden op daden uitlopen Plut. Phil. 4.8; ἐνιαυτοῦ καταστρέφοντος aan het eind van het jaar Plut. Caes. 51.1. spec. med. onderwerpen, eronder krijgen:; νόσον κ. ziekte de baas te worden Eur. Hipp. 477; ook pass.:; οἱ Λυδοὶ κατεστράφατο ὑπὸ Περσέων de Lydiërs waren onderworpen aan de Perzen Hdt. 1.141.1; dwingen tot, met εἰς:; κατεστρέψατο ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγήν hij dwong hen tot afdracht van belasting Hdt. 1.6.2; met inf.:;’ Ιωνίην... κατεστρέψατο δασμοφόρον εἶναι hij dwong Ionië tot schatplichtigheid Hdt. 7.51.1; ook pass.: ἀκούειν σοῦ κατέστραμμαι τάδε ik ben gedwongen hierin naar je te luisteren Aeschl. Ag. 956. ret. ptc. perf. med.-pass.: λέξις κατεστραμμένη compacte stijl Aristot. Rh. 1409a26. | |elnltext=κατα-στρέφω, Ion. plqperf. med.-pass. 3 plur. κατεστράφατο, met acc., causat. (doen) omkeren, omver gooien:; κ. τὰς τραπέζας τῶν κολλυβιστῶν de tafels van de geldwisselaars NT Mt. 21.12; overdr.: κ. τὴν πόλιν de stad op z’n kop zetten Aristoph. Eq. 274. draaien naar, richten op:; ποῖ καταστρέφεις λόγων τελευτήν; waarheen leidt u de conclusie uw woorden? Aeschl. Pers. 787; spec. op het einde richten, beëindigen:; κ. τὸν βίον het leven beëindigen Plut. Thes. 19.8; pregn. (''[[sc.]]'' τὸν βίον) sterven:; αἷμα ταύρειον πιὼν κατέστρεψε toen hij het stierenbloed gedronken had stierf hij Plut. Them. 31.6; abs. eindigen, aflopen:. τοὺς λόγους ἐπὶ τὰ πράγματα καταστρέφειν οἰόμενος in de mening dat woorden op daden uitlopen Plut. Phil. 4.8; ἐνιαυτοῦ καταστρέφοντος aan het eind van het jaar Plut. Caes. 51.1. spec. med. onderwerpen, eronder krijgen:; νόσον κ. ziekte de baas te worden Eur. Hipp. 477; ook pass.:; οἱ Λυδοὶ κατεστράφατο ὑπὸ Περσέων de Lydiërs waren onderworpen aan de Perzen Hdt. 1.141.1; dwingen tot, met εἰς:; κατεστρέψατο ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγήν hij dwong hen tot afdracht van belasting Hdt. 1.6.2; met inf.:;’ Ιωνίην... κατεστρέψατο δασμοφόρον εἶναι hij dwong Ionië tot schatplichtigheid Hdt. 7.51.1; ook pass.: ἀκούειν σοῦ κατέστραμμαι τάδε ik ben gedwongen hierin naar je te luisteren Aeschl. Ag. 956. ret. ptc. perf. med.-pass.: λέξις κατεστραμμένη compacte stijl Aristot. Rh. 1409a26. | ||
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{{Chinese | {{Chinese | ||
|sngr='''原文音譯'''：katastršfw 卡他-士特雷賀<br />'''詞類次數'''：動詞（2）<br />'''原文字根'''：向下-轉 相當於： （[[הָפַךְ]]‎） （[[מַהְפֵּכָה]]‎） （[[שָׁחַת]]‎）<br />'''字義溯源'''：顛倒，推倒，顛覆，毀壞；由（[[κατά]] / [[καθεῖς]] / [[καθημέραν]] / [[κατακύπτω]]）*=下，按照）與（[[στρέφω]]）=扭轉）組成；其中 （[[στρέφω]]）出自（[[τροπή]]）=轉動），而 （[[τροπή]]）出自（[[τρέμω]]）X*=轉）。參讀 （[[ἀναιρέω]]）同義字<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（2）；太（1）；可（1）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 推倒（2） 太21:12； 可11:15 | |sngr='''原文音譯'''：katastršfw 卡他-士特雷賀<br />'''詞類次數'''：動詞（2）<br />'''原文字根'''：向下-轉 相當於： （[[הָפַךְ]]‎） （[[מַהְפֵּכָה]]‎） （[[שָׁחַת]]‎）<br />'''字義溯源'''：顛倒，推倒，顛覆，毀壞；由（[[κατά]] / [[καθεῖς]] / [[καθημέραν]] / [[κατακύπτω]]）*=下，按照）與（[[στρέφω]]）=扭轉）組成；其中 （[[στρέφω]]）出自（[[τροπή]]）=轉動），而 （[[τροπή]]）出自（[[τρέμω]]）X*=轉）。參讀 （[[ἀναιρέω]]）同義字<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（2）；太（1）；可（1）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 推倒（2） 太21:12； 可11:15 | ||
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{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[subigere]]'', to [[subdue]], [[conquer]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.15.1/ 1.15.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.94.2/ 1.94.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.114.3/ 1.114.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.80.1/ 2.80.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.10.6/ 3.10.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.13.6/ 3.13.6], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.96.2/ 3.96.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.65.3/ 4.65.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.83.1/ 4.83.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.1.1/ 6.1.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.24.3/ 6.24.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.76.3/ 6.76.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.80.4/ 6.80.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.82.3/ 6.82.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.90.1/ 6.90.1],<br>PASS. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.75.4/ 1.75.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.94.4/ 3.94.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.29.1/ 5.29.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.97.1/ 5.97.1]. | |||
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{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[destroy]]=== | |||
Akkadian: 𒄢; Aklanon: guba'; Albanian: shkatërroj; Arabic: دَمَّرَ; Egyptian Arabic: روح, خرب; Armenian: ոչնչացնել; Azerbaijani: məhv etmək, dağıtmaq; Belarusian: знішчаць, ні́шчыць, зні́шчыць, руйнаваць, зруйнаваць; Breton: freuzañ; Bulgarian: унищожавам, унищожа, разрушавам, разруша; Catalan: destruir; Cebuano: guba; Central Huishui Hmong: kom puas rau; Cherokee: ᎠᏲᏍᏙᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 銷毀／销毁, 摧毀／摧毁, 破壞／破坏, 毀壞／毁坏; Choctaw: nasholichi; Czech: ničit, zničit; Danish: ødelægge; Dutch: [[vernietigen]], [[vernielen]], [[verwoesten]], [[kapot maken]], [[slopen]]; Esperanto: ekstermi, detrui; Estonian: hävitama; Evenki: эвми; Finnish: tuhota, hävittää; French: [[détruire]]; Middle French: gaster, destruire, mehaignier; Old French: gaster, destruire, mehaignier; Friulian: distruzi, distrugi; Galician: destruír; Georgian: განადგურება, მოსპობა, დაქცევა, დანგრევა; German: [[zerstören]], [[vernichten]], [[kaputtmachen]]; Gothic: 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽; Greek: [[καταστρέφω]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀπόλλυμι]], [[ὄλλυμι]], [[ἀείρω]], [[ἀϊστόω]], [[πέρθω]], [[πορθέω]], [[ἀναιρέω]], [[ἀναλίσκω]], [[λύω]], [[διαλύω]], [[καταλύω]], [[ὀλέκω]], [[φθείρω]], [[ἀποφθείρω]], [[διαφθείρω]], [[ἐκφθείρω]], [[καταφθείρω]], [[φθίνω]], [[φθίω]], [[καταχράομαι]]; Hawaiian: luku; Hebrew: הָרַס; Higaonon: naguba; Hindi: नष्ट करना, नाश करना, बर्बाद करना; Hungarian: megsemmisít, pusztít, elpusztít, tönkretesz, szétrombol; Icelandic: eyðileggja, rústa, skemma; Ido: destruktar; Irish: slad; Italian: [[distruggere]], [[annichilare]]; Japanese: 破壊する, 壊す, 潰す, 破る; Khmer: កំទេច, បំផ្លាញ; Korean: 파괴하다, 말살하다, 부수다; Kumyk: дагъытмакъ; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: têkşikandin; Lao: ທໍາລາຍ; Latgalian: nycynuot, iznycynuot, propuļdeit; Latin: [[populor]], [[deleo]], [[aufero]], [[aboleo]], [[abolefacio]]; Latvian: iznīcināt; Lithuanian: sunaikinti; Livonian: nītsiņtõ; Macedonian: уништува, уништи; Malay: musnah; Manchu: ᡝᡶᡠᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ; Maori: whakakorekore, hoepapa, whakamōtī, kōpenupenu, whakangawhi, whakangahi, kaiauru, whakahotu, hoepapa, urupatu, whakamōtī, whakapakaru; Mirandese: çtruir, çtroçar; Mongolian Cyrillic: суйтгэх, сүйтгэх; Nanai: хэпули-; Ngazidja Comorian: hwangamiza; Norman: dêtruithe; Norwegian Bokmål: ødelegge; Persian: از بین بردن; Phoenician: 𐤀𐤁𐤃; Polish: niszczyć, zniszczyć, rujnować, zrujnować; Portuguese: [[destruir]], [[estraçalhar]], [[arruinar]], [[destroçar]], [[detonar]]; Romanian: distruge, nimici; Russian: [[уничтожать]], [[уничтожить]], [[разрушать]], [[разрушить]]; Sanskrit: नाशयति; Scots: cannoch; Scottish Gaelic: dì-làraich; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: уништавати, у̀ништити; Roman: uništávati, ùništiti; Slovak: ničiť, zničiť, znehodnotiť; Slovene: uničevati, uničiti; Sotho: a timetse; Spanish: [[destruir]], [[romper]], [[destrozar]]; Sumerian: 𒋗𒅆𒌨; Swahili: -haribu; Swedish: förstöra; Tagalog: sirain, wasakin; Tajik: нест кардан; Thai: ทำลาย; Tocharian B: näk-, kärst-; Turkish: yok etmek, mahvetmek; Ugaritic: 𐎕𐎎𐎚; Ukrainian: нищити, знищувати, знищити, руйнувати, зруйнувати, розвалюватити, розвалити; Urdu: برباد کرنا; Uzbek: yoʻq qilmoq, bitirmoq; Vietnamese: huỷ hoại, phá hoại, phá huỷ; Walloon: distrure; Welsh: dinistrio; Yiddish: חרובֿ מאַכן | |||
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