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κἄν: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=kan | |Transliteration C=kan | ||
|Beta Code=ka)/n | |Beta Code=ka)/n | ||
|Definition=(not [[κᾄν]]), by crasis, < | |Definition=(not [[κᾄν]]), by crasis,<br><span class="bld">I</span> for <b class="b3">καὶ ἄν</b>…, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Hes.''Op.''357, freq. in Att.: not often when [[καί]] is simply copul., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 79a, ''Grg.'' 514d; but freq. when [[καί]] is intens., <b class="b3">ὅ γε κ. μέγα δοίη</b> [[even]] a great thing, Hes. [[l.c.]]; κακὸν δὲ κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ γνοίης μιᾷ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''615, cf. 591, ''Aj.''45, Ar.''Nu.''1130, Th.7.61, etc.; sometimes repeated after or before a Verb with ἄν, ἐπεὶ κ. σὺ... εἴ τίς σε διδάξειεν... βελτίων ἂν γένοιο Pl. ''Prt.''318b, cf. ''R.''515e; freq. in the phrase <b class="b3">κ. εἰ</b>, where [[καί]] properly belongs to [[εἰ]], [[even if]], and [[ἄν]] to the Verb that follows in apodosi, <b class="b3">νῦν δέ μοι δοκεῖ, κ. ἀσέβειαν εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, τὰ προσήκοντα ποιεῖν</b> (for <b class="b3">καὶ εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, ποιεῖν ἄν</b>) D.21.51: hence,<br><span class="bld">2</span> even when the Verb in apodosi was of a tense that could not be joined with <b class="b3">ἄν, κ. εἰ πολλαὶ</b> [αἱ ἀρεταί]… εἰσιν, ἕν γέ τι εἶδος ταὐτὸν ἅπασαι ἔχουσι Pl.''Men.'' 72c; κ. εἰ μή τῳ δοκεῖ Id.''R.''473a, 579d, cf. 408b, ''Phd.''71b, ''Sph.''247e, Arist.''Top.''136a31, al.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in later Gr. without [[εἰ]], simply as a stronger form of [[καί]], [[even]], εἴσελθε κ. νῦν Men.342; κ. νεκρῷ Χάρισαι τὰ σὰ Χείλεα Theoc.23.41, cf. 35 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]) (and so with <b class="b3">εἷς, μία, ἕν, κ. μίαν ἡμέραν δόντες αὐτοῖς</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in X.''HG''1.7.19; εἰ κ. ἕν τι φαίνοιτο S.E. ''P.''2.195, cf. Ph.2.29); ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κ. τῶν ἱματίων ''Ev.Marc.''5.28; <b class="b3">κ. νῦν</b> now [[at any rate]], POxy.2151.7 (iii A.D.); <b class="b3">κἂν ὧς</b> [[even]] so, [[nevertheless]], ib.123.7 (iii/iv A.D.); οἷς οὐδὲ κ. ὄνος ὑπῆρξε πώποτε Luc.''Tim.''20 codd., cf. ''DDeor.''5.2, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> for <b class="b3">καὶ ἄν</b> (ἐάν), [[even if]], with the same moods as [[ἐάν]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''15, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 319c, etc.: freq. used ellipt., <b class="b3">ἄνδρα Χρὴ δοκεῖν πεσεῖν ἂν κ.</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[πέσῃ]]) ἀπὸ σμικροῦ κακοῦ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1078, cf. Ar.''V.''92, ''Ach.''1021, and so prob. in S.''El.''1483: later followed by ind., κἂν γὰρ οὕτω φαμέν A.D.''Synt.''70.22.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">κἄν... κἄν</b>…, whether... or... κἂν μεγάλην πόλιν οἰκῶσι κἂν μικράν D.25.15. | ||
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|btext=<b>I.</b> [[par]] <i>crase p.</i> καὶ [[ἄν]] :<br /><b>1</b> « également, aussi bien », <i>avec les mêmes modes que</i> [[ἄν]] ; [[εἰ]] γὰρ… κἂν [[ἐγώ]], <i>etc.</i>, car si… moi aussi je (serais) <i>etc.</i> ; κἂν [[σύ]], toi aussi tu (serais), aussi bien tu (serais);<br /><b>2</b> « même », <i>souv. suivi de</i> [[εἰ]], κἂν [[εἰ]] = καὶ ἂν [[εἰ]], même si, <i>avec idée de conditionnel</i> : κἂν [[εἰ]] μὴ δοκεῖ PLAT même si cela ne paraît pas bon, quand même cela ne paraîtrait pas bon ; <i>ou avec l'opt.</i> : κἂν [[εἰ]] τύχοιεν PLAT quand même ils se trouveraient, <i>etc.</i><br /><b>3</b> <i>postér.</i> [[κἄν]] (<i>non suivi de</i> [[εἰ]]) même, <i>au sens de</i> au moins : [[ἀλλά]] μοι [[πάρες]] κἂν σμικρὸν [[εἰπεῖν]] SOPH mais viens auprès de moi me parler ne fût-ce qu'un peu ; [[οἷς]] οὐδὲ κἂν [[ὄνος]] ὑπῆρξε [[πώποτε]] LUC ceux qui | |btext=<b>I.</b> [[par]] <i>crase p.</i> καὶ [[ἄν]] :<br /><b>1</b> « également, aussi bien », <i>avec les mêmes modes que</i> [[ἄν]] ; [[εἰ]] γὰρ… κἂν [[ἐγώ]], <i>etc.</i>, car si… moi aussi je (serais) <i>etc.</i> ; κἂν [[σύ]], toi aussi tu (serais), aussi bien tu (serais);<br /><b>2</b> « même », <i>souv. suivi de</i> [[εἰ]], κἂν [[εἰ]] = καὶ ἂν [[εἰ]], même si, <i>avec idée de conditionnel</i> : κἂν [[εἰ]] μὴ δοκεῖ PLAT même si cela ne paraît pas bon, quand même cela ne paraîtrait pas bon ; <i>ou avec l'opt.</i> : κἂν [[εἰ]] τύχοιεν PLAT quand même ils se trouveraient, <i>etc.</i><br /><b>3</b> <i>postér.</i> [[κἄν]] (<i>non suivi de</i> [[εἰ]]) même, <i>au sens de</i> au moins : [[ἀλλά]] μοι [[πάρες]] κἂν σμικρὸν [[εἰπεῖν]] SOPH mais viens auprès de moi me parler ne fût-ce qu'un peu ; [[οἷς]] οὐδὲ κἂν [[ὄνος]] ὑπῆρξε [[πώποτε]] LUC ceux qui n'ont jamais eu même un âne;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>pour</i> καὶ [[ἐάν]] :<br /><b>1</b> [[et si]] : κἂν … [[κἄν]] DÉM et si… et si, soit que… soit que, <i>avec les mêmes modes que</i> [[ἐάν]];<br /><b>2</b> même si, quand même, quoique, <i>avec le sbj. ou l'opt.</i><br />'''Étymologie:''' v. [[ἄν]] et [[ἐάν]]. | ||
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|txtha=(Griesbach [[κἄν]]; [[see]] [[κἀγώ]], at the [[beginning]]), by crusts for καί [[ἐάν]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 5,3; Buttmann, p. 10; Tdf Proleg., p. 97; WH's Appendix, p. 145{b}); [[hence]] joined [[with]] the subjunctive;<br /><b class="num">1.</b> and if: G L; T Tr [[text]] WH; L T Tr WH; L WH, 2^b Tr [[text]] WH, 3^a L Tr WH, 3^b L WH); [[κἄν]] [[μέν]] ποιήσῃ καρπόν, [[namely]], εὖ [[ἔχει]] it is [[well]] (or [[some]] [[such]] [[phrase]]), Winer's Grammar, 600 (558); (Buttmann, § 151,26).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[also]] or [[even]] if;<br /><b class="num">a.</b> if [[only]], at [[least]], in [[abridged]] [[discourse]]: [[κἄν]] [[τόν]] ἱματίων [[αὐτοῦ]], [[namely]], ἅψωμαι, [[ἵνα]] ([[namely]], ἅψωνται [[αὐτοῦ]]) [[κἄν]] τοῦ κρασπέδου ... ἅψωνται, [[ἵνα]] ἐρχομένου Πέτρου ([[namely]], τί [[αὐτοῦ]] ἐπισκιάσῃ αὐτῶν) [[κἄν]] ἡ [[σκιά]] etc. [[κἄν]] ὡς ἄφρονα [[namely]], δεξησθε με, Buttmann, § 149,6; (Winer's Grammar, 584 (543); Green, Gram. of the N. T., p. 230; Klotz ad Devar. ii. 1, p. 139f; Liddell and Scott, [[under]] the [[word]]; [[Sophocles]] Lexicon, [[under]] the [[word]]).<br /><b class="num">b.</b> [[even]] if: Hebrews 12:20. | |txtha=(Griesbach [[κἄν]]; [[see]] [[κἀγώ]], at the [[beginning]]), by crusts for καί [[ἐάν]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 5,3; Buttmann, p. 10; Tdf Proleg., p. 97; WH's Appendix, p. 145{b}); [[hence]] joined [[with]] the subjunctive;<br /><b class="num">1.</b> and if: G L; T Tr [[text]] WH; L T Tr WH; L WH, 2^b Tr [[text]] WH, 3^a L Tr WH, 3^b L WH); [[κἄν]] [[μέν]] ποιήσῃ καρπόν, [[namely]], εὖ [[ἔχει]] it is [[well]] (or [[some]] [[such]] [[phrase]]), Winer's Grammar, 600 (558); (Buttmann, § 151,26).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[also]] or [[even]] if;<br /><b class="num">a.</b> if [[only]], at [[least]], in [[abridged]] [[discourse]]: [[κἄν]] [[τόν]] ἱματίων [[αὐτοῦ]], [[namely]], ἅψωμαι, [[ἵνα]] ([[namely]], ἅψωνται [[αὐτοῦ]]) [[κἄν]] τοῦ κρασπέδου ... ἅψωνται, [[ἵνα]] ἐρχομένου Πέτρου ([[namely]], τί [[αὐτοῦ]] ἐπισκιάσῃ αὐτῶν) [[κἄν]] ἡ [[σκιά]] etc. [[κἄν]] ὡς ἄφρονα [[namely]], δεξησθε με, Buttmann, § 149,6; (Winer's Grammar, 584 (543); Green, Gram. of the [[NT|N.T.]], p. 230; Klotz ad Devar. ii. 1, p. 139f; Liddell and Scott, [[under]] the [[word]]; [[Sophocles]] Lexicon, [[under]] the [[word]]).<br /><b class="num">b.</b> [[even]] if: Hebrews 12:20. | ||
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