ἐγώ: Difference between revisions

|astxt=[[ἐγώ]], gen, etc., [[ἐμοῦ]], [[ἐμοί]], [[ἐμέ]] (enclitic μου, μοι, με), pl. [[ἡμεῖς]], -ῶν, -ῖν, -ᾶς, pers. pron. <br />I.<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>The nom. is [[usually]] [[emphatic]], [[when]] expressed as subjc, as in Mt 3:11, Mk 1:8, Lk 3:16, al. But [[often]] [[there]] is no [[apparent]] [[emphasis]], as Mt 10:16, Jo 10:17; ἰδοὺ ἐ. (= Heb. הִנֵּנִי, cf. I Ki 3:8), Ac 9:10; ἐ. ([[like]] Heb. אֲנִי), I am, Jo 1:23 (LXX), Ac 7:32 (LXX).<br /><b class="num">(b)</b>The enclitic forms (v. supr.) are used [[with]] nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, [[where]] [[there]] is no [[emphasis]]: ἐν τ. πατρί μου, Jo 14:20; μου τ. λόγους, Mt 7:24; [[ὀπίσω]] μου, Mt 3:11; ἰσχυρότερός μου, ib.; λέγει μοι, Re 5:5; [[also]] [[with]] the prep. [[πρός]], as Mk 9:19, al. The [[full]] forms ([[ἐμοῦ]], etc.) are used [[with]] the [[other]] prepositions, as δι' [[ἐμοῦ]], ἐν [[ἐμοί]], εἰς [[ἐμέ]], etc., [[also]] for [[emphasis]], as Lk 10:16, Jo 7:23, Mk 14:7, al. <br /><b class="num">(c)</b>The gen. μου and [[ἡμῶν]] are [[often]] used for the poss. pronouns [[ἐμός]], [[ἡμέτερος]]: τ. λαόν μου, Mt 2:6; μου τῂ ἀπιστιᾳ, Mk 9:24. <br /><b class="num">(d)</b>τί ἐμοὶ καὶ [[σοί]] ( = Heb. מַה־לִי וָלָךְ, Jg 11:12, al.), i.e. [[what]] [[have]] we in [[common]]: Mt 8:29, Mk 1:24, 5:7, Lk 8:28, Jo 2:4; τί [[γάρ]] μοι, I Co 5:2. <br /><b class="num">(e)</b>The [[interchange]] of [[ἐγώ]] and [[ἡμεῖς]], [[common]] in π., appears in Pauline Epp. (v. M, Pr., 86f., M, Th., 131f.).<br /><b class="num">(f)</b>[[κἀγώ]] (= καὶ [[ἐγώ]], and I, [[even]] I, I [[also]]: Mt 2:8, Lk 2:48, Jo 6:56, Ro 3:7, I Co 7:40, al.; [[κἀγώ]]… [[καί]], [[both]]… and, Jo 7:28.

|txtha=genitive [[ἐμοῦ]], enclitic μου; dative [[ἐμοί]], enclitic μοι; accusative [[ἐμέ]], enclitic με; plural [[ἡμεῖς]], etc.; [[personal]] pronoun, I.<br /><b class="num">1.</b> The nominatives [[ἐγώ]] and [[ἡμεῖς]], [[when]] joined to a [[verb]], [[generally]] [[have]] [[force]] and [[emphasis]], or [[indicate]] [[antithesis]], as [[ἐγώ]] [[μέν]] ... ὁ δέ); [[ἐγώ]] ... [[ἔχω]], καί σύ); [[ἡμεῖς]], contrasted [[with]] God, [[ἡμεῖς]] καί οἱ Φαρισαῖοι, Winer's Grammar, § 22,6. But [[sometimes]] [[they]] are used [[where]] [[there]] is no [[emphasis]] or [[antithesis]] in [[them]], as Buttmann, § 129,12. [[ἰδού]] [[ἐγώ]], הִנֵּנִי, [[behold]] me, [[here]] am I: [[ἐγώ]], [[like]] אֲנִי, I am: Winer's Grammar, 585 (544); Buttmann, 125 (109)).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> The enclitic (and monosyllabic) genitive, dative, and accusative are [[connected]] [[with]] nouns, verbs, adverbs, [[but]] [[not]] [[with]] prepositions: [[ἔμπροσθεν]] μου, [[ὀπίσω]] μου, ἰσχυρότερός μου, ibid.; [[τίς]] μου ἥψατο, λέγει μοι, ἀρνήσηταί με, Winer's Grammar, § 6,3; (Lipsius, Gram. Untersuch., p. 59ff; Lob. Path. Elementa ii., p. 323 f; Tdf. N. T. edition 7, Proleg., p. 61 f; edition 8, p. 104)); [[but]] δἰ [[ἐμοῦ]], κατ' [[ἐμοῦ]], [[πρό]] [[ἐμοῦ]], etc., ἐν [[ἐμοί]], [[περί]], δἰ, ἐπ', κατ', εἰς [[ἐμέ]]. The [[only]] [[exception]] is [[πρός]], to [[which]] the enclitic με is [[generally]] joined, [[πρός]] [[ἐμέ]], L T Tr WH in T Tr WH; T Tr [[text]] WH; T WH; Tdf.; Tr [[text]] WH marginal [[reading]]; L Tr; [[but]] [[πρός]] με, Tdf. and Lipsius as [[above]], p. 61note). Moreover, the [[full]] forms [[ἐμοῦ]], [[ἐμοί]], [[ἐμέ]] are used in [[case]] of [[emphasis]] or [[antithesis]]; [[thus]], [[ἐμοῦ]], [[ἐμοί]], [[ἐμέ]], μου and [[ἡμῶν]] are [[very]] [[often]] used for the possessive pronouns [[ἐμός]] and [[ἡμέτερος]] (Buttmann, § 127,21); and [[when]] so used,<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[they]] are [[generally]] placed [[after]] [[their]] substantives, as ὁ [[οἶκος]] μου, ἡ [[ζωή]] [[ἡμῶν]], etc. — the [[fuller]] [[form]] [[ἐμοῦ]] [[only]] for the [[sake]] of [[distinction]] or [[antithesis]] (cf. Buttmann, § 127,22), as μητέρα [[αὐτοῦ]] καί [[ἐμοῦ]], πίστεως [[ὑμῶν]] τέ καί [[ἐμοῦ]], Winer's Grammar, § 22,7 N. 1; Buttmann, as [[above]]): μου [[τούς]] λόγους, μου [[ὑπό]] [[τήν]] στέγην, [[ἡμῶν]], as [[ἡμῶν]] [[τήν]] πόλιν, [[ἡμῶν]] τό [[πολίτευμα]], Winer's Grammar, as [[above]]; Rost § 99,4, p. 452ff 7th edition adduces a [[multitude]] of examples from Greek authors; (cf. Krüger, § 47,9, 12who states the [[rule]] as follows: [[when]] joined to a [[substantive]] having the [[article]] the reflexive genitive, [[with]] [[αὐτοῦ]] ipsius, and [[ἀλλήλων]], requires the attributive [[position]], the [[personal]] genitive, and [[αὐτοῦ]] ejus, the partitive [[position]]).<br /><b class="num">4.</b> τί [[ἐμοί]] ([[ἡμῖν]]) καί [[σοι]] ([[ὑμῖν]]); [[what]] [[have]] I (we) to do [[with]] thee ([[you]])? (cf. Buttmann, 138 (121); Winer's Grammar, 211 (198); 585 (544)): וָלָך מַה־לִּי, Aulus Gellius n. a. 1,2; [[Epictetus]] diss. 2,9, 16; τί [[ἡμῖν]] καί [[αὐτῷ]], ibid. 1,1, 16; τί [[ἐμοί]] καί αὐτοῖς, ibid. 1,27, 13; 22,15. τί [[γάρ]] μοι, [[what]] does it [[concern]] me? [[what]] [[have]] I to do etc.: Bernhardy (1829), p. 98; Krüger, § 48,3, 9; Kühner, 2:364 f; (Buttmann, as [[above]], [[also]] 394 (337); Winer's Grammar, 586 (545)).