ἄμαθος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰμ], ἡ, Ep. form of [[ἄμμος]], [[sand]], Il.5.587, A.R.4.1239, etc.: pl., [[ἄμαθοι]] = [[stretch]] of [[sand]], sands, [[dune]]s by the [[sea]], h.Ap.439; generally, [[sandy]] [[soil]], Nic.Th.262. (Dist. by Gramm., e.g. Sch.Il.9.384, from [[ψάμμος]] as [[dust]] from [[sea]]-[[sand]], but prob. wrongly:—[[ἄμαθος]] is for [[ἅμαθος]], i. e. [[σάμαθος]], cf. [[sand]]; cf. Ηαμαθό̄ι, name of [[Nereid]], Schwyzer122.7, Corinthian vase at Caere).

|btext=ου (ἡ) :<br />sable de plaine, sol sablonneux.<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. [[ψάμαθος]].

|elrutext='''ἄμᾰθος:''' (ᾰμ) ἡ песок, песчаная почва Hom.: ἀμάθοισιν ἐχρίμψατο [[νηῦς]] HH корабль врезался в песчаный берег.

|mltxt=<b>(I)</b><br />-η, -ο<br /><b>1.</b> αυτός που δεν έμαθε, δεν διδάχθηκε [[κάτι]], αδίδαχτος, [[αμόρφωτος]],<br /><b>2.</b> [[αγράμματος]], [[απαίδευτος]]<br /><b>3.</b> [[αγροίκος]], [[ανόητος]], [[αγενής]]<br /><b>4.</b> αυτός που δεν [[είναι]] εξοικειωμένος, [[συνηθισμένος]] σε [[κάτι]], [[άπειρος]], [[αδαής]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>α</i>- στερητ. <span style="color: red;">+</span> θ. <i>μαθ</i>- του ρ. [[μανθάνω]], [[μαθαίνω]]].<br /><b>(II)</b><br />[[ἄμαθος]], η (Α) ([[επικός]] [[τύπος]] [[αντί]] του [[ἄμμος]])<br /><b>1.</b> η [[άμμος]] και [[κυρίως]] η [[άμμος]] της πεδιάδας, αμμώδες [[έδαφος]] (σε [[αντίθεση]] με την άμμο της θάλασσας, την <i>ψάμαθο</i>)<br /><b>2.</b> <b>στον πληθ.</b> <i>αἱ ἄμαθοι</i><br />σωροί άμμου [[κοντά]] σε [[θάλασσα]], αμμώδη υψώματα, <i>θίνες</i>.<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Λέξη ετυμολογικά [[συγγενής]] με τον μσν. άνω γερμαν. τ. <i>sampt</i> «[[άμμος]]» ([[πρβλ]]. και γερμαν. <i>Sand</i> «[[άμμος]]» <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>sampt</i> με [[ανομοίωση]]). Ο [[συσχετισμός]] αυτός που προϋποθέτει [[ανομοίωση]] της δασύτητας στη λ. <i>hαμαθος</i>, δεν επιτρέπει να αναχθούμε σ’ έναν κοινό αρχικό ΙΕ τύπο. Βεβαία θεωρείται αντιθέτως η [[αλληλεπίδραση]] [[μεταξύ]] τών παραγώγων δύο διαφορετικής προελεύσεως οικογενειών λέξεων, τών λ. [[ἄμαθος]] και [[ψάμμος]] «[[άμμος]]». Σημειώνεται ότι αναλογικά [[προς]] τη λ. [[ἄμαθος]] σχηματίστηκε η λ. [[ψάμαθος]] «[[άμμος]]», ενώ η λ. [[ἄμμος]] [[είναι]] αναλογικός [[σχηματισμός]] [[κατά]] το [[ψάμμος]].<br /><b><span style="color: brown;">ΠΑΡ.</span></b> <b>αρχ.</b> <i>ἀμαθῑτις</i>, <i>ἀμαθόεις</i>, [[ἀμαθύνω]], [[ἀμαθώδης]].

Abkhaz: аҧслымӡ; Adyghe: пшахъо; Afrikaans: sand; Ahom: 𑜏𑜩, 𑜏𑜩𑜤; Ainu: オタ; Albanian: rërë; Amharic: አሸዋ; Arabic: رَمْل‎; Egyptian Arabic: رمل‎; Gulf Arabic: رمل‎, تراب‎; Hijazi Arabic: رَمِل‎; Aragonese: arena; Aramaic Hebrew: חלא‎; Syriac: ܚܠܐ‎; Armenian: ավազ; Aromanian: arinã; Assamese: বালি; Asturian: sable, arena, areña; Atong: han•cheng, hanʼcheng; Aymara: aqu; Azerbaijani: qum; Bahnar: chuơh; Bashkir: ҡом; Basque: harea, hondar; Belarusian: пясок; Bengali: বালু; Bikol Central: basud; Breton: traezh; Brunei Malay: pasir; Bulgarian: пясък; Burmese: သဲ; Buryat: элһэн; Catalan: sorra, arena; Cebuano: balas; Cham Eastern Cham: ꨌꨶꩍ; Western Chamicuro: mas̈hkojpe; Chechen: гӏум; Cherokee: ᏃᏯ; Chewong: pasir; Chichewa: mchenga; Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma: mitsanga; Chinese Cantonese: 沙, 沙子; Dungan: сазы; Mandarin: 沙, 沙子; Min Nan: 沙; Wu: 沙; Choctaw: shinuk; Chuvash: хӑйӑр; Cornish: tewes, treth; Crimean Tatar: qum; Czech: písek; Dalmatian: sablaun; Danish: sand; Dolgan: кумак; Drung: cvwaq; Dutch: [[zand]], [[zavel]]; Eastern Bontoc: lakian; Elfdalian: sand; Erzya: човар; Esperanto: sablo; Estonian: liiv; Etruscan: 𐌚𐌀𐌑𐌄𐌍𐌀 class inanimate; Evenki: иңа, сируги; Extremaduran: arena; Faroese: sandur; Fijian: nuku; Finnish: hiekka; French: [[sable]]; Friulian: savalon, rene; Gagauz: kum; Galician: xabre, area; Garo: han·cheng, an·cheng; Georgian: ქვიშა, სილა; German: [[Sand]]; Old High German: sand; Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌼𐌰; Greek: [[άμμος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ψάμμος]], [[ἄμμος]], [[ἄμαθος]], [[ψάμαθος]]; Greenlandic: sioqqat, sioraaqqat; Gujarati: રેતી; Haitian Creole: sab; Halkomelem: syíts'em; Hawaiian: one; Hebrew: חוֹל‎; Higaonon: balas; Hiligaynon: balas; Hindi: रेत, बालू; Hopi: tuuwa; Hungarian: homok; Icelandic: sandur; Ilocano: darat; Indonesian: pasir; Ingush: гӏум; Inuktitut: ᓯᐅᕋᖅ; Irish: gaineamh; Italian: [[sabbia]], [[rena]]; Japanese: 砂; Javanese: ꦮꦼꦝꦶ; Kabardian: пшахъуэ; Kabuverdianu: areia; Kalmyk: элсн; Kannada: ಮರಳು; Kapampangan: balas; Karachay-Balkar: къум, юзмез; Karakalpak: qum; Karelian: liede, čuuru; Kashubian: piôsk; Kazakh: құм; Khakas: хум; Khmer: ខ្សាច់, ដីខ្សាច់; Khün: ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ; Korean: 모래; Kumyk: хум; Kuna: ukub; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خۆڵ‎; Northern Kurdish: xîz, qûm; Kyrgyz: кум; Ladin: sablon; Lao: ດິນຊາຍ, ຊາຍ; Latgalian: smiļkts; Latin: [[arena]], [[harena]], [[ramentum]]; Latvian: smiltis; Ligurian: ænn-a; Limburgish: zandj; Lingala: zɛ́lɔ class 9a/10a; Lithuanian: smėlis; Livonian: jõugõ; Lolopo: sa; Low German: Sand; Lubuagan Kalinga: legen; Luxembourgish: Sand; Lü: ᦌᦻ; Macedonian: песок; Maguindanao: petad; Malagasy: fasika; Malay: pasir, ramal; Malayalam: മണൽ; Maltese: ramel; Manchu: ᠶᠣᠩᡤᠠᠨ; Manx: geinnagh; Maori: one; Mapudungun: kuyem; Maranao: peted; Marathi: वाळू; Mari Eastern Mari: ошма; Western Marshallese: bok; Mazanderani: وازیک‎; Moksha: шувар; Mon: ဗ္တဳ; Mongolian Cyrillic: элс; Mongolian: ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ; Mwani: nsanga; Nahuatl: xalli; Nanai: сиян; Navajo: séí; Nepali: बालुवा; Newar: फि; Ngarrindjeri: tune; Nogai: кум; Nong Zhuang: saiz; Norman: sablion, sablloun, sabllaon, sabyõ; North Frisian: sun; Northern Northern Sami: sáttu; Northern Thai: ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ; Norwegian Bokmål: sand; Nynorsk: sand; Occitan: sabla, arena; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: пѣсъкъ; Old East Slavic: пѣсъкъ; Old English: sand; Old Javanese: hĕni; Old Norse: sandr; Old Portuguese: arẽa; Oriya: ବାଲୁକା; Oromo: cir'achaa; Ossetian: змис; Ottoman Turkish: قوم‎; Pacoh: choah, pal, xoang, xông; Pashto: شګه‎, رېګ‎; Persian: شن‎, ماسه‎, ریگ‎; Pitjantjatjara: tali, paki; Plautdietsch: Saunt; Polabian: ṕosăk; Polish: piasek; Portuguese: [[areia]]; Punjabi: ਰੇਤ; Quechua: aqu; Rohingya: balu, 𐴁𐴝𐴓𐴟‎; Romagnol: sàbia, sabiôn; Romani: kishaj; Romanian: nisip, arină; Romansch: sablun, sablùn, sablung; Russian: [[песок]]; S'gaw Karen: မဲး; Saanich: PЌEĆEN; Saho: cinde, tsiixil, xootsa; Samoan: oneone; Samogitian: smėltės; Sanskrit: सिकता, वालुका, शीतला, वालक, रेणु; Sardinian: arena; Saterland Frisian: Sound; Scottish Gaelic: gainmheach; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: песак, пијесак; Roman: pésak, pijésak; Shan: သၢႆး; Shona: jecha; Shor: қум, қумақ; Sichuan Sicilian: rina; Sinhalese: වැලි; Slovak: piesok; Slovene: pesek; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: pěsk; Upper Sorbian: pěsk; Southern Altai: кумак, кум; Southern Kalinga: kallis; Southern Spanish: arena; Sranan Tongo: santi; Sumerian: 𒅖; Sundanese: keusik; Swahili: mchanga; Swedish: sand; Tagabawa: baklayan; Tagalog: buhangin; Tahitian: one; Tai Tai Nüa: ᥔᥣᥭᥰ; Tajik: рег; Tamil: மணல்; Tatar: ком; Tausug: buhangin; Telugu: ఇసుక; Ternate: dowongi; Thai: ทราย; Tibetan: བྱེ་མ; Tigrinya: ሑጻ; Tongan: one'one; Turkish: kum; Turkmen: gum, çäge; Tuvan: элезин, кум; Tuwali Ifugao: dalat; Udi: къум; Udmurt: луо; Ukrainian: пісок; Unami: lekaw; Urdu: ریت‎; Uyghur: قۇم‎; Uzbek: qum; Venetian: sabia; Vietnamese: cát; Vilamovian: zaond; Walloon: såvlon, såbe; Welsh: tywod; West Frisian: sân; White Hmong: suab puam; Wolof: suuf; Yakan: umus; Yakut: кумах; Yiddish: זאַמד‎; Yonaguni: 砂; Yoron: 砂; Yámana: asola; Zazaki: qum, sên; Zealandic: zand; Zhuang: sa, saiz; Zulu: isihlabathi