πράσσω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep. and Ion. [[πρήσσω]], Att. [[πράττω]] (first in <span class="title">IG</span>12.7.11, al., Ar. and X.), Cret. πράδδω <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>1.35: fut. [[πράξω]], Ion. [[πρήξω]]: aor. [[ἔπραξα]], Ion. [[ἔπρηξα]]: pf. [[πέπραχα]], Ion. [[πέπρηχα]], (trans.) <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.106</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.2.32</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.15</span>, <span class="bibl">Din.3.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.619</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>9(2).517.36 (Larissa, iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.80.11</span> (iii B. C.), (intr.) <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.187</span> codd., <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1440a36</span>: plpf. [[ἐπεπράχει]] (ν) (trans.) X. [[l.c.]], (intr.) <span class="bibl">App. <span class="title">BC</span>5.83</span>: pf. <span class="bibl">2</span> [[πέπρᾱγα]], Ion. [[πέπρηγα]], (intr.) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.73</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.172</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>629</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>302</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.4.2</span>, (trans.) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1168b35</span>, al., <span class="title">SIG</span> 364.70 (Ephesus, iii B. C.): plpf. [[ἐπεπράγεσαν]] (intr.) <span class="bibl">Th.2.4</span>,<span class="bibl">7.24</span>:— pf. [[πέπραγα]] Att., [[πέπραχα]] Hellenistic, acc. to Moer.<span class="bibl">p.293</span> P., <span class="bibl">Phryn. <span class="title">PS</span>p.103</span> B., but see above:—Med., fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> πράξομαι <span class="bibl">Antipho <span class="title">Fr.</span>67</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>6.2.36</span> (also in pass. sense, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.243</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>452a</span>): aor. ἐπραξαμην <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>287</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.65</span>, etc.:—Pass., fut. (v.supr.), also πραχθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.98</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1359a11</span>, etc.; fut. <span class="bibl">3</span> πεπράξομαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 861</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>847</span>, <span class="bibl">Eup.9.3</span> D.: aor. ἐπράχθην <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>679</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.54</span>, etc.: pf. πέπραγμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>75</span>, etc. (sts. in med. sense, v. infr. vi). [ᾱ by nature, as is shown by the Ion. form [[πρήσσω]], and by the accent in [[πρᾶγμα]], [[πρᾶξις]], etc.] </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> in Ep. only, [[pass through]], [[pass over]], δὶς τόσσον ἅλα πρήσσοντες ἀπῆμεν <span class="bibl">Od.9.491</span>; ῥίμφα πρήσσοντε κέλευθον <span class="bibl">Il.14.282</span>, <span class="bibl">23.501</span>; ῥίμφα πρήσσουσι κέλευθον <span class="bibl">Od.13.83</span>; ὁδὸν πρήσσουσιν ὁδῖται <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>203</span>: c. gen., ἵνα πρήσσωμεν ὁδοῖο <span class="bibl">Il.24.264</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.15.219</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφρα πρ. ὁδοῖο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">47</span>; ἵνα πρήσσῃσιν ὁδοῖο <span class="bibl">3.476</span>: Gramm. note that this sense is found only in pres., <span class="title">An.Ox.</span>1.355, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>688.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[experience certain fortunes]], [[fare well]] or [[fare ill]], ὁ στόλος οὕτως ἔπρηξε <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.26</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">4.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.24</span>; so ὡς ἔπρηξε <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.18</span>; κατὰ νόον π. <span class="bibl">Id.4.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>549</span>; πράξασαν ὡς ἔπραξεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1288</span>; εὖ πέπραγεν, ὅτι… <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.73</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.24</span>,<span class="bibl">42</span>, etc.; φλαύρως π. τῷ στόλῳ <span class="bibl">Id.6.94</span>; π. καλῶς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>979</span>; χαλεπώτατα π. <span class="bibl">Th.8.95</span>; ταπεινῶς π. <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.64</span>; ὅστις καλῶς πράττει, οὐχὶ καὶ εὖ πράττει; Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.116b; π. εὐτυχῶς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>701</span>; κάλλιστα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 794</span>; [[μακαρίως]], [[εὐδαιμόνως]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>629</span>, <span class="bibl">802</span>: freq. with neut. Pron. or Adj., εὖ π. τι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1006</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>391</span>; μηδὲν εὖ π. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.6.8</span>; χρηστόν τι π. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>341</span>; καλά <span class="bibl">Th.6.16</span>; χείρω <span class="bibl">Id.7.71</span>; μεγάλα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span> 346</span>; πάντ' ἀγαθά <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>302</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eq.</span>683</span> (lyr.); εὐδαίμονα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1359</span> (anap.); πολλὰ καὶ ἀγαθά <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.4.8</span>; οἷον ἥθελεν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1704</span> (lyr.); πράξας ἅπερ ηὔχου <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>355</span> (anap.), cf.<span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.9.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[achieve]], [[effect]], [[accomplish]], οὔ τι <span class="bibl">Il.1.562</span>, <span class="bibl">11.552</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.191</span>, etc.; οὐδέ τι ἔργον ἐνθάδ' ἔτι πρήξει <span class="bibl">19.324</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.88</span>; χρῆμα μὲν οὐ πρήξεις, σὺ δ' ἐτώσια πόλλ' ἀγορεύσεις <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>402</span>; <b class="b3">κλέος ἔπραξεν</b> [[won]] it, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>5(4).8</span>; <b class="b3">ἔπραξε δεσμόν</b> [[achieved]] bondage, i.e. brought it on himself, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>2.40</span>; τινὰ Νηρεΐδων π. ἄκοιτιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>5.36</span>; <b class="b3">ὕμνον π</b>. [[grant power of]] song, ib.<span class="bibl">9.3</span>; <b class="b3">λεόντεσσι π. φόνον</b> [[do]] slaughter upon them, ib.<span class="bibl">3.46</span>; τὴν Κυπρίων ἀπόστασιν π. <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.113</span>; <b class="b3">π. εἰρήνην, φιλίαν</b>, [[bring]] it [[about]], <span class="bibl">D.3.7</span>, <span class="bibl">18.162</span>; <b class="b3">π. τι παρά τινος</b> [[get]] something from... ὧν δέονται πάντων πεπραγότες εἶεν παρὰ βασιλέως <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.4.2</span>; ἐλπὶς πράξειν τι παρὰ τῶν θεῶν ἀγαθόν <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.20</span>; also, [[attempt]], [[plot]], δήμου κατάλυσιν <span class="bibl">And.3.6</span>: c. dat. pers., δαίμοσιν π. φίλα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>660</span>; Αοξίᾳ χάριν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ion</span>37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">896</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1133</span>, etc.; σὺ τοῦτο πράξεις ὥστε…; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 896</span>:—Pass., πέπρακται τοὖργον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>75</span>; φεῦ φεῦ πέπρακται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span> 680</span>; τὰ πεπραγμένα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.15</span>, etc.; ἡ ἐπὶ τοῖς πεπρ. ἀδοξία <span class="bibl">D. 1.11</span>; τὰ πεπρ. λῦσαι <span class="bibl">Id.24.76</span>; τὰ πραχθέντα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>683</span>, etc.; [[τὰ ἔργα τῶν πραχθέντων]] = [[the facts of what took place]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.22</span>; οὐ γὰρ ἂν τό γε πραχθὲν ἀγένητον θείη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>324b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> abs., [[effect an object]], [[be successful]], δὸς Τηλέμαχον πρήξαντα νέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.3.60</span>; ἔπρηξας καὶ ἔπειτα <span class="bibl">Il.18.357</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of sexual intercourse, ἐπράχθη τὰ μέγιστα <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.143</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be busy with]], [[σὺ μὲν τὰ σαυτῆς πρᾶσσ]]' = [[mind your own business]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>678</span>; πράττων ἔκαστος τὸ αὑτοῦ <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phdr.</span>247a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>307e</span>; τὰ αὑτοῦ π. καὶ μὴ πολυπραγμονεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span> 433a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">400e</span>, etc. (whereas <b class="b3">πολλὰ π</b>. = [[πολυπραγμονεῖν]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.33</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>266</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>228</span>, etc.); φιλοσόφου τὰ αὑτοῦ πράξαντος καὶ οὐ πολυπραγμονήσαντος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>526c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span>33a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐδ' εὖ… οἰκοῦνται αἱ πόλεις, ὅταν τὰ αὑτῶν ἕκαστοι πράττωσι</b> (ironical) Id.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.127b; <b class="b3">μὴ τὰ αὑτῶν π</b>. not to [[act]] their [[part]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>452c</span>; π. τὰ δέοντα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span> 3.8.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[manage]] [[affair]]s, [[do]] [[business]], [[act]], [[δεινὸς εἰπεῖν τε καὶ πρᾶξαι]] = [[powerful in speech and action]] ib.<span class="bibl">2.9.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.8.6</span>; <b class="b3">πράττειν τὰ πολιτικὰ πράγματα, τὰ τῆς πόλεως</b>, [[manage]] [[state]]-[[affair]]s, [[take part]] in [[government]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>31d</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.16.20</span>; τὰ Ἀθηναίων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>216a</span>; οἱ τὰ κοινὰ π. καὶ πολιτευόμενοι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1324b1</span>: abs., without any addition, <b class="b3">ἱκανωτάτω λέγειν τε καὶ πράττειν</b>, of able statesmen, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.2.1</span>,<span class="bibl">4</span>; πολιτεύεσθαι καὶ π. <span class="bibl">D.18.45</span>, cf. 59, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>317a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> generally, [[transact]], [[negotiate]], [[manage]], οἱ πράξαντες πρὸς αὐτὸν τὴν λῆψιν τῆς πόλεως <span class="bibl">Th. 4.114</span>; <b class="b3">Θηβαίοις τὰ πράγματα π</b>. [[manage]] matters for their interest, <span class="bibl">D.19.77</span>:—so in Pass., <b class="b3">τῷ Ἱπποκράτει τὰ… πράγματα ἀπό τινων ἀνδρῶν… ἐπράσσετο</b> matters [[were negotiated]] with him by... <span class="bibl">Th.4.76</span>: but freq. abs., [[treat]], [[negotiate]], [[manage]], [[act]], <b class="b3">οἱ πράσσοντες αὐτῷ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">110</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.76</span>; π. πρός τινα <span class="bibl">Id.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">4.73</span>, etc.; ἐς ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[πρὸς]]) <b class="b3"> τοὺς βαρβάρους, ἐς τοὺς Εἵλωτας</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.131</span>, <span class="bibl">132</span>:—Pass., ἐπράττετο οὐ πρὸς τοὺς ἄλλους <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.64</span>; also π. τι ὑπὲρ τῶν κοινῶν <span class="bibl">D.26.2</span>; π. ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως τὰ πάτρια <span class="bibl">Id.59.73</span>; π. περὶ εἰρήνης <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.3.3</span>; π. τῇ δύναιτο ἄριστα <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.30</span>; π. ὡς ἄριστα καὶ πιστότατα <span class="bibl">Th.1.129</span>; οἱ πράσσοντες = the [[traitor]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.4.89</span>, <span class="bibl">113</span>:—followed by dependent clauses, πρᾶσσε καὶ τὰ ἐμὰ καὶ τὰ σὰ ὅπῃ κάλλιστα ἕξει <span class="bibl">Id.1.129</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὴν Πελοπόννησον ἔπρασσεν, ὅπῃ ὠφελία τις γενήσεται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">65</span>; <b class="b3">π. ὅπως πόλεμος γένηται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">57</span>; <b class="b3">π. ὅπως τιμωρήσονται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">56</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.4</span>,<span class="bibl">70</span>, etc.: c. acc. et inf., μὴ δεῦρο πλεῖν τὴν ναῦν ἔπραττεν <span class="bibl">D.32.22</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> especially of secret practices and intrigues, <b class="b3">εἴ τι μὴ ξὺν ἀργύρῳ ἐπράσσετ' ἐνθένδ'</b> [[unless]] some [[bribery]] was being [[practise]]d, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>125</span>; καί τι αὐτῷ καὶ ἐπράσσετο ἐς τὰς πόλεις προδοσίας πέρι <span class="bibl">Th.4.121</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.83</span>; μετάστασις ἐπράττετο <span class="bibl">Lys.30.10</span>; τούτοις ἔπρασσον τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Plb.4.17.12</span>; <b class="b3">νῦν δ' αὔτ' Ἀτρεῖδαι φωτὶ παντουργῷ φρένας ἔπραξαν</b> have [[job]]bed them (the arms) [[away]] to a [[villain]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>446</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[practise]], πόνῳ π. θεοδμάτους ἀρετάς <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">I.</span>6(5).11</span>; δίκαια ἢ ἄδικα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>28b</span>, etc.; ταῦτ' ἔπραξάν τε καὶ ἔλεξαν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.1.1</span>; ἃ καὶ λέγειν ὀκνοῦμεν οἱ πεπραχότες <span class="bibl">Men.619</span>: then abs., [[act]], π. ἔργῳ μὲν σθένος βουλαῖσι δὲ φρήν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.26</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς πράττοντες</b> as [[doing]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>527a</span>; [[μεθ' ἡμῶν ἔπραττεν]], i. e. [[he took our side]], <span class="bibl">Is.5.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[study]], δράματα Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[Ἀριστοφάνης]]; συλλογισμούς <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.17.27</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖς πραττομένοις</b> in the poems [[which are now studied]], [[made the subject of commentaries]], Sch.<span class="bibl">Nic. <span class="title">Th.</span>11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> c. dupl. acc. pers. et rei, <b class="b3">πράττειν τινά τι</b> [[do]] something [[to]] one, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1394</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.93</span>; ἀγαθόν τι π. τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ec.</span>108</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> [[exact payment from]] one, αὐτοὺς ἑκατὸν τάλαντα ἔπρηξαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.58</span>; [[πράσσει με τόκον]] = [[he makes me pay interest]], <span class="bibl">Batr.185</span>; π. τινὰ χρέος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>9.104</span>; ὅσοι πράξεις πεπράγασιν <span class="title">SIG</span>364.70 (Ephesus, iii B. C.); τοὐφειλόμενον π. Δίκη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 311</span> (anap.); ἀντίποινα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>476</span>: freq. of tax-gatherers or other collectors of public debt, <span class="title">IG</span>12.116.16, al., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>774d</span>; π. τὰς εἰσφοράς <span class="bibl">D.22.77</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">φόρον ἔπρησσον παρ' ἑκάστων</b> [[obtain]]ed or [[demand]]ed from... <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.106</span>: c. acc. pers., [[press for payment]], μὴ π. τοὺς ὀφειλέτας <span class="bibl">Plb.38.11.10</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινά τι ὑπέρ τινος</b> [[demand]] from one as the [[price]] for a thing, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Vit.Auct.</span>18</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">φόνον π</b>. [[exact punishment]] or [[exact vengeance]] for a murder: hence, [[avenge]], [[punish]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>624</span>; τὰ περὶ τὸν φόνον ἀγριωτέρως π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>867d</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ὑπὸ βασιλέως πεπραγμένος φόρους</b> [[called on to pay up]] the tribute, <span class="bibl">Th.8.5</span>; [[πραχθεὶς]] ὑπὸτῶνδε <span class="bibl">Lys.9.21</span> codd., cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>921c</span>:—Med., [[exact for oneself]], πράξασθαί τινα μισθόν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).30</span>; [[ἀργύριον]], [[χρήματα]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.126</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>561</span>, etc.; τὴν διπλασίαν π. τὸν ὑποφεύγοντα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>762b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.5.54.11</span>; π. τοὺς ἐξάγοντας τριακοστήν <span class="bibl">D.20.32</span>; πράσσεσθαι χρέος <span class="bibl">Antipho <span class="title">Fr.</span>67</span>; <b class="b3">φόρους πράσσεσθαι ἀπό, ἐκ τῶν πόλεων</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.5</span>, <span class="bibl">37</span>; παρ' αὐτῶν ἃ ὤφειλον <span class="bibl">Lys.17.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">And.2.11</span>: metaph. of exacting punishment, etc., μεγάλ' ἀντ' ὀλίγων ἐπράξαο <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span>91</span>:—Pass. pf. and plpf. in med. sense, <b class="b3">εἰ μὲν ἐπεπράγμην τοῦτον τὴν δίκην</b> if I [[had exacted]] from him the full amount, <span class="bibl">D.29.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VII</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b3">πράττειν τινά</b> [[deal with]], [[finish off]], euphemism, ἔπρασσε δ' ᾇπέρ νιν, ὧδε θάπτει <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>440</span> (lyr.); [[πεπραγμένοι]] is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]]ib.<span class="bibl">132</span>.</span>