λεῖος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[smooth]] to the touch, ([[αἴγειρος]]) <span class="bibl">Il.4.484</span>; λ. ὥσπερ ἔγχελυς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>218</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Eup.338</span>; [[χῆμαι]], [[χηραμβίς]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>82.12</span> (iii B.C.), Hsch.s.v. [[χήμη; τὰ τραχέα καὶ τὰ λ]]. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.1</span>; freq. in <span class="bibl">Pl., <span class="title">Cra.</span>414b</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cat.</span>10a17</span>, etc.; also, of cloths, [[smooth]], [[plain]], [[not embroidered]], ὑφαντά τε καὶ λ. <span class="bibl">Th.2.97</span>; λ. ὕφασμα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>310e</span>; <b class="b3">λεῖα ἐκπεποιημένα</b> worked [[smooth]], of marble, <span class="title">IG</span>12.372.134; also <b class="b3">λεία ἐργασία</b> ib.372.165; [[unsculptured]], Ἀθήνης ἕδος <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>105.4</span>; of plate, [[unembossed]], φιάλαι <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).161 <span class="title">B</span>27 (Delos, iii B.C.), <span class="title">Inscr.Délos</span> 442 <span class="title">B</span>78 (ii B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in Hom., chiefly of [[level]] places or countries, λεῖος δ' ἱππόδρομος ἀμφίς <span class="bibl">Il.23.330</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν λείῳ πεδίῳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">359</span>; λ. ὁδός <span class="bibl">Od.10.103</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>288</span> (ap. X., Pl., etc., [[ὀλίγη]] codd.); λ. ἄροσις <span class="bibl">Od.9.134</span>; <b class="b3">λεῖα δ' ἐποίησεν</b> made a [[smooth place]], <span class="bibl">Il.12.30</span>; πεδίον λ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.29</span>; χωρίον λειότατον <span class="bibl">Id.7.9</span>.β; ἡ -οτάτη τῶν ὁδῶν <span class="bibl">Id.9.69</span>; <b class="b3">λ. θάλασσα</b> a [[smooth]] sea, <span class="bibl">Id.2.117</span>; λ. χώρα καὶ ἄξυλος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ath.</span> 2.12</span>; <b class="b3">λ. βάσεις</b> [[flat]] feet, Gal.6.856. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">χῶρος… λεῖος πετράων</b> [[smooth]] (i.e. <b class="b2">free) from</b> rocks, <span class="bibl">Od.5.443</span>, <span class="bibl">7.282</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[smoothskinned]], [[without hair]], of animals, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>582b35</span>, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ge.</span>27.11</span>; -ότατον τῶν ζῴων ἐστὶν ἄνθρωπος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>583a6</span>; especially of youths, [[smooth-chinned]], [[beardless]] (cf. [[λείαξ]]), <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.90</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>12.13 (Strat.); also, of fish, [[smooth]], ἱππίδια <span class="bibl">Epich.44</span>; opp. [[λεπιδωτοί]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>505a26</span>; ([[γαλεός]]) the [[smooth]] shark, [[Mustelus laevis]], ib.<span class="bibl">565b2</span>, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>1.380</span>; τὸ λ. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>3.14</span>, <span class="bibl">6.3.16</span>; <b class="b3">λείη ὑπόστασις</b> a [[smooth]] or [[uniform]] sediment, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Coac.</span>462</span>; [γάλα] λ. καὶ ὁμαλὸν καὶ συνεχὲς ἑαυτῷ <span class="bibl">Sor. 1.91</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> metaph., [[smooth]], [[soft]], πνεῦμα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1003</span>; of the sound of the voice, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>307a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>67b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phlb.</span>51d</span>; διάλεκτος Phld.<span class="title">Po.Herc.</span> 994.36; of the taste, <span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.100e</span> sq.; also λ. μῦθοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>647</span>; [<b class="b3">τὸ] ἥμερόν τε καὶ λ. [τοῦ ἤθους</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>406a</span>; <b class="b3">λ. πάθημα</b>, opp. [[τραχύ]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>63e</span>; λ. κινήματα τῆς σαρκός <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>411</span>; <b class="b3">λ. κίνησις</b>, Cyrenaic phrase for [[ἡδονή]], <span class="bibl">D.L.2.86</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Par.</span>10</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr.<span class="title">in Top.</span>94.32</span>; λ. ἡσυχίη <span class="title">AP</span>7.278 (Arch. Byz.); <b class="b3">ὡς -οτέρου ἐλέους ὑπάρξοντος</b> (sed leg. [[τελειοτέρου]]) <span class="bibl">Plb.20.9.11</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ λ</b>., = [[λειότης, τῆς ἑρμηνείας]] <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Lys.</span>24</span>; τὸ λ. καὶ ὁμαλὲς τῆς συνθέσεως <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>48</span>. Adv. [[λείως]] [[smoothly]], [[gently]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>144b</span>, Plu.2.384a; καί με κωτίλλοντα λ. τραχὺν ἐκφανεῖν νόον Sol. ap. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>12.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[rubbed]] or [[ground down]], Dsc.1.3, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHolm.</span>19.39</span>; cf. [[λειόω]] ''ΙΙ'': [[λεῖον]], [[τό]], [[fine sand]], Inscr.Délos 500 <span class="title">A</span>9 (iii B.C.). (Prob. λειϝος, cf. Lat. [[lēvis]].) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[level]], of bottom a. o., [[smooth]], of urfaces etc. (Il.), also [[rubbed]], [[well-ground]] (Delos, pap., Dsc.; cf. <b class="b3">λε(ι)αίνω</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> below); adv. [[λείως]], also [[λέως]] (after [[τελέως]], [[ἡδέως]] a. o., cf. also <b class="b3">λε(ι)αίνω</b> below), also metaph. [[completely]], [[quite ]] (IA.; cf. Lat. [[plānē]], NHG [[glatt]]).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e. g. <b class="b3">λειό-φλοιος</b> [[with smooth bark]] (Thphr.), also with adverbial value (with <b class="b3">-ω-</b> after <b class="b3">λε(ί)-ως</b>), e. g. [[λειώλης]] = [[πανώλης]] (Rhodos VIa), <b class="b3">λεω-κόνιτος</b>, <b class="b3">-κόρητος</b> [[changed in fine dust]] resp. [[swept smooth]], i. e. [[completely destroyed]] (Theognost., H., Phot.), <b class="b3">λεω-πάτητος</b> <b class="b2">completely trodden (down)</b> (S. Ant. 1275 with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] <b class="b3">λακ-πάτητος</b>, s. [[λάξ]]); cf. further [[λεωργός]] = [[πανοῦργος]], [[κακοῦργος]] (Archil. 88, 3, A. Pr. 5, X.), s. Chantraine Glotta 33, 25 ff. w. extensive treatment and many details; on [[λεῖος]] etc. also Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 89 n. 1.<br />Derivatives: [[λειότης]] f. [[smoothness]] (Att.), [[λείαξ]] [[beardless boy]] (EM, H.); two denomin.: <b class="b3">λε(ι)αίνω</b> (on the phonetics Schwyzer 236, Lejeune Traité de phon. 216), also with <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>etc., [[(make) smooth]], [[ground]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">λε(ί)αν-σις</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκλεα-σμός</b> a.o. (Arist.); [[λειόω]], also <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> a. o., <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">λείω-μα</b> [[powder]] (Thphr.); <b class="b3">-σις</b> [[grinding]] (Gal.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [662] <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [[smooth]]?<br />Etymology: Beside the [[o-]]stem in <b class="b3">*λεῖϜος</b> Latin has in [[lēvis]] [[smooth]] an [[i-]]stem, which may have replaced as [[levis]], [[brevis]] a. o. an older [[u-]]stem; <b class="b3">*λεῖϜος</b> too therefore first for <b class="b2">*lei-u̯-os</b>? The stemvowel is uncertain; beside [[lei-]] also [[lēi-]] has been supposed, cf. <b class="b3">πλε(ί)ων</b> < <b class="b3">*πληΐων</b> and Schulze KZ 28, 266 n. 1 = Kl. Schr. 434 n 1; cf. W. -Hofmann s. 2. [[lēvis]]. Connection with the root of [[λείμαξ]] seems probable; s. also 2. [[λίς]] and [[λιτός]].