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ἀπόλλυμι: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=or ἀπολλύω (<span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>608e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1297a12</span>, but [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Men.580</span>; the form is rejected by <span class="bibl">Phryn.<span class="title">PS</span>p.10</span> B., <span class="bibl">Moer.12</span>), impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἀπώλλυν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>652</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, ἀπώλλυον <span class="bibl">And.1.58</span>: fut. [[ἀπολέσω]], Ep. [[ἀπολέσσω]], Att. [[ἀπολῶ]], Ion. ἀπολέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>, al.: aor. [[ἀπώλεσα]], Ep. [[ἀπόλεσσα]]: pf. [[ἀπολώλεκα]]:—freq. in tmesi in Ep.; Prep. postponed in <span class="bibl">Od.9.534</span>:—stronger form of [[ὄλλυμι]], [[destroy utterly]], [[kill]], in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν <span class="bibl">11.5.758</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.268</span>; also of things, [[demolish]], [[lay waste]], <b class="b3">ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.648</span>, etc.; generally, <b class="b3">βίοτον δ' ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει</b> [[will waste]] my substance, <span class="bibl">Od.2.49</span>; <b class="b3">οἵ μ' ἀπωλλύτην</b> [[sought to destroy]] me (impf. sense), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1454</span>; in pregnant sense, <b class="b3">ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε</b> [[drove]] me [[ruined]] from... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>946</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς παρ' ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ</b>. for the sake of... <span class="bibl">D. 8.70</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[λόγοις]] or <b class="b3">λέγων ἀ. τινά</b> [[talk]] or [[bore]] one [[to death]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>892</span> (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>470</span>; οἴμ' ὡς ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Pherecr.108.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπολεῖ μ' οὑτοσί</b> by his questions, <span class="bibl">Antiph.222.8</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ruin]] a woman, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[lose]], πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα <span class="bibl">Od.2.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.18.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.272</span>; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">Od.1.354</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι</b> [[lose]] one's life, <span class="bibl">11.16.861</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.350</span>; <b class="b3">θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν</b> [[loses]] not his spirit, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>26</span>; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">11.24.44</span>; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι <span class="bibl">Democr.224</span>; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι <span class="bibl">Th.7.51</span>; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.2.22</span>; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>155c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. οὐσίαν</b>, = [[ἀπόλλυσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>163d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Med., [[ἀπόλλῠμαι]]: fut. <b class="b3">-ολοῦμαι</b>, Ion. -ολέομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.218</span>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">-ωλόμην</b>: pf. <b class="b3">-όλωλα</b>, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1212</span>: plpf. in Att. Prose sometimes written [[ἀπωλώλειν]] in codd., as <span class="bibl">Th.4.133</span>, <span class="bibl">7.27</span>:—[[perish]], [[die]], <span class="bibl">11.1.117</span>, etc.; [[cease to exist]], opp. [[γίγνεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Meliss.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>156b</span>, etc.: sometimes c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον <span class="bibl">Od.1.166</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπωλόμεθ' αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9.303</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον]]) ib.<span class="bibl">3.87</span>; ἀ. ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.126</span>; simply, to [[be undone]], αὐτῶν . . ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν <span class="bibl">Od.10.27</span>; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.2</span>: freq. in Att., especially in pf., [[ἀπόλωλας]] you [[are lost]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1077</span>; ἀπωλόμεθ' ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>355</span>; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>2</span>:—as an imprecation, κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην εἰ. . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>151</span>, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Eub. 116</span>; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Men.154</span>; [[ἀπολλύμενος]], opp. [[σῳζόμενος]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.36</span>, cf. Plu.2.469d: freq. in part. fut., <b class="b3"> κάκιστ' ἀπολούμενε</b> o [[destine]]d to a [[miserable]] [[end]]! i.e. o thou [[villain]], [[scoundrel]], [[knave]]! <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>713</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">456</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>865</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>2</span>; ὁ κάκιστ' ἀνέμων ἀ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span> 14.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in [[NT]], [[perish]], in theol. sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>3.16</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ σῳζόμενοι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> to [[be lost]], <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετ'</b> (of the water eluding Tantalus) <span class="bibl">Od.11.586</span>; <b class="b3">οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται</b> never [[falls untimely]], ib.<span class="bibl">7.117</span>; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν <span class="bibl">Il.10.186</span>; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.15</span>; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.54</span>; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>9.3</span>.</span> | |Definition=or [[ἀπολλύω]] (<span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>608e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1297a12</span>, but [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Men.580</span>; the form is rejected by <span class="bibl">Phryn.<span class="title">PS</span>p.10</span> B., <span class="bibl">Moer.12</span>), impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἀπώλλυν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>652</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, ἀπώλλυον <span class="bibl">And.1.58</span>: fut. [[ἀπολέσω]], Ep. [[ἀπολέσσω]], Att. [[ἀπολῶ]], Ion. ἀπολέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>, al.: aor. [[ἀπώλεσα]], Ep. [[ἀπόλεσσα]]: pf. [[ἀπολώλεκα]]:—freq. in tmesi in Ep.; Prep. postponed in <span class="bibl">Od.9.534</span>:—stronger form of [[ὄλλυμι]], [[destroy utterly]], [[kill]], in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν <span class="bibl">11.5.758</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.268</span>; also of things, [[demolish]], [[lay waste]], <b class="b3">ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.648</span>, etc.; generally, <b class="b3">βίοτον δ' ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει</b> [[will waste]] my substance, <span class="bibl">Od.2.49</span>; <b class="b3">οἵ μ' ἀπωλλύτην</b> [[sought to destroy]] me (impf. sense), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1454</span>; in pregnant sense, <b class="b3">ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε</b> [[drove]] me [[ruined]] from... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>946</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς παρ' ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ</b>. for the sake of... <span class="bibl">D. 8.70</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[λόγοις]] or <b class="b3">λέγων ἀ. τινά</b> [[talk]] or [[bore]] one [[to death]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>892</span> (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>470</span>; οἴμ' ὡς ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Pherecr.108.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπολεῖ μ' οὑτοσί</b> by his questions, <span class="bibl">Antiph.222.8</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ruin]] a woman, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[lose]], πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα <span class="bibl">Od.2.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.18.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.272</span>; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">Od.1.354</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι</b> [[lose]] one's life, <span class="bibl">11.16.861</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.350</span>; <b class="b3">θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν</b> [[loses]] not his spirit, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>26</span>; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">11.24.44</span>; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι <span class="bibl">Democr.224</span>; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι <span class="bibl">Th.7.51</span>; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.2.22</span>; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>155c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. οὐσίαν</b>, = [[ἀπόλλυσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>163d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Med., [[ἀπόλλῠμαι]]: fut. <b class="b3">-ολοῦμαι</b>, Ion. -ολέομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.218</span>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">-ωλόμην</b>: pf. <b class="b3">-όλωλα</b>, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1212</span>: plpf. in Att. Prose sometimes written [[ἀπωλώλειν]] in codd., as <span class="bibl">Th.4.133</span>, <span class="bibl">7.27</span>:—[[perish]], [[die]], <span class="bibl">11.1.117</span>, etc.; [[cease to exist]], opp. [[γίγνεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Meliss.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>156b</span>, etc.: sometimes c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον <span class="bibl">Od.1.166</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπωλόμεθ' αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9.303</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον]]) ib.<span class="bibl">3.87</span>; ἀ. ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.126</span>; simply, to [[be undone]], αὐτῶν . . ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν <span class="bibl">Od.10.27</span>; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.2</span>: freq. in Att., especially in pf., [[ἀπόλωλας]] you [[are lost]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1077</span>; ἀπωλόμεθ' ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>355</span>; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>2</span>:—as an imprecation, κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην εἰ. . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>151</span>, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Eub. 116</span>; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Men.154</span>; [[ἀπολλύμενος]], opp. [[σῳζόμενος]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.36</span>, cf. Plu.2.469d: freq. in part. fut., <b class="b3"> κάκιστ' ἀπολούμενε</b> o [[destine]]d to a [[miserable]] [[end]]! i.e. o thou [[villain]], [[scoundrel]], [[knave]]! <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>713</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">456</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>865</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>2</span>; ὁ κάκιστ' ἀνέμων ἀ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span> 14.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in [[NT]], [[perish]], in theol. sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>3.16</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ σῳζόμενοι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> to [[be lost]], <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετ'</b> (of the water eluding Tantalus) <span class="bibl">Od.11.586</span>; <b class="b3">οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται</b> never [[falls untimely]], ib.<span class="bibl">7.117</span>; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν <span class="bibl">Il.10.186</span>; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.15</span>; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.54</span>; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>9.3</span>.</span> | ||
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Akkadian: 𒄢; Aklanon: guba'; Albanian: shkatërroj; Arabic: دَمَّرَ; Egyptian Arabic: روح, خرب; Armenian: ոչնչացնել; Azerbaijani: məhv etmək, dağıtmaq; Belarusian: знішчаць, ні́шчыць, зні́шчыць, руйнаваць, зруйнаваць; Breton: freuzañ; Bulgarian: унищожавам, унищожа, разрушавам, разруша; Catalan: destruir; Cebuano: guba; Central Huishui Hmong: kom puas rau; Cherokee: ᎠᏲᏍᏙᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 銷毀／销毁, 摧毀／摧毁, 破壞／破坏, 毀壞／毁坏; Choctaw: nasholichi; Czech: ničit, zničit; Danish: ødelægge; Dutch: [[vernietigen]], [[vernielen]], [[verwoesten]], [[kapot maken]], [[slopen]]; Esperanto: ekstermi, detrui; Estonian: hävitama; Evenki: эвми; Finnish: tuhota, hävittää; French: [[détruire]]; Middle French: gaster, destruire, mehaignier; Old French: gaster, destruire, mehaignier; Friulian: distruzi, distrugi; Galician: destruír; Georgian: განადგურება, მოსპობა, დაქცევა, დანგრევა; German: [[zerstören]], [[vernichten]], [[kaputtmachen]]; Gothic: 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽; Greek: [[καταστρέφω]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀπόλλυμι]], [[ὄλλυμι]], [[ἀείρω]], [[ἀϊστόω]], [[πέρθω]], [[πορθέω]], [[ἀναιρέω]], [[ἀναλίσκω]], [[λύω]], [[διαλύω]], [[καταλύω]], [[ὀλέκω]], [[φθείρω]], [[ἀποφθείρω]], [[διαφθείρω]], [[ἐκφθείρω]], [[καταφθείρω]], [[φθίω]], [[καταχράομαι]]; Hawaiian: luku; Hebrew: הָרַס; Higaonon: naguba; Hindi: नष्ट करना, नाश करना, बर्बाद करना; Hungarian: megsemmisít, pusztít, elpusztít, tönkretesz, szétrombol; Icelandic: eyðileggja, rústa, skemma; Ido: destruktar; Irish: slad; Italian: [[distruggere]], [[annichilare]]; Japanese: 破壊する, 壊す, 潰す, 破る; Khmer: កំទេច, បំផ្លាញ; Korean: 파괴하다, 말살하다, 부수다; Kumyk: дагъытмакъ; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: têkşikandin; Lao: ທໍາລາຍ; Latgalian: nycynuot, iznycynuot, propuļdeit; Latin: [[populor]], [[deleo]], [[aufero]], [[aboleo]], [[abolefacio]]; Latvian: iznīcināt; Lithuanian: sunaikinti; Livonian: nītsiņtõ; Macedonian: уништува, уништи; Malay: musnah; Manchu: ᡝᡶᡠᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ; Maori: whakakorekore, hoepapa, whakamōtī, kōpenupenu, whakangawhi, whakangahi, kaiauru, whakahotu, hoepapa, urupatu, whakamōtī, whakapakaru; Mirandese: çtruir, çtroçar; Mongolian Cyrillic: суйтгэх, сүйтгэх; Nanai: хэпули-; Ngazidja Comorian: hwangamiza; Norman: dêtruithe; Norwegian Bokmål: ødelegge; Persian: از بین بردن; Phoenician: 𐤀𐤁𐤃; Polish: niszczyć, zniszczyć, rujnować, zrujnować; Portuguese: [[destruir]], [[estraçalhar]], [[arruinar]], [[destroçar]], [[detonar]]; Romanian: distruge, nimici; Russian: [[уничтожать]], [[уничтожить]], [[разрушать]], [[разрушить]]; Sanskrit: नाशयति; Scots: cannoch; Scottish Gaelic: dì-làraich; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: уништавати, у̀ништити; Roman: uništávati, ùništiti; Slovak: ničiť, zničiť, znehodnotiť; Slovene: uničevati, uničiti; Sotho: a timetse; Spanish: [[destruir]], [[romper]], [[destrozar]]; Sumerian: 𒋗𒅆𒌨; Swahili: -haribu; Swedish: förstöra; Tagalog: sirain, wasakin; Tajik: нест кардан; Thai: ทำลาย; Tocharian B: näk-, kärst-; Turkish: yok etmek, mahvetmek; Ugaritic: 𐎕𐎎𐎚; Ukrainian: нищити, знищувати, знищити, руйнувати, зруйнувати, розвалюватити, розвалити; Urdu: برباد کرنا; Uzbek: yoʻq qilmoq, bitirmoq; Vietnamese: huỷ hoại, phá hoại, phá huỷ; Walloon: distrure; Welsh: dinistrio; Yiddish: חרובֿ מאַכן | |||
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