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|Transliteration C=ypostasis | |Transliteration C=ypostasis | ||
|Beta Code=u(po/stasis | |Beta Code=u(po/stasis | ||
|Definition=εως, ἡ, ([[ὑφίστημι]], [[ὑφίσταμαι]]): < | |Definition=εως, ἡ, ([[ὑφίστημι]], [[ὑφίσταμαι]]):<br><span class="bld">A</span> as an act, [[standing under]], [[supporting]], ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ μηροῦ καὶ ὁ αὐχὴν τοῦ ἄρθρου . . ὑπὸ συχνῷ μέρει τοῦ ἰσχίου τὴν ὑπόστασιν πεποίηται Hp.''Art.''55; [τοὺς προσθίους πόδας] ἔχουσιν . . οὐ μόνον ἕνεχ' ὑποστάσεως τοῦ βάρους Arist.''PA'' 659a24; ἐνεπάγην εἰς ἰλὺν βυθοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ὑπόστασις [[LXX]] ''Ps.''68(69).3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[resistance]], τοῦ κύματος Arist.''Mete.''368b12 (unless = [[settling down]]); so perhaps in Hp.''Off.''3, Ael.''Fr.''59.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[lying in ambush]], S.''Fr.''719.<br><span class="bld">B</span> as a thing,<br><span class="bld">I</span> in liquids, [[that which settles at the bottom]], [[sediment]], Hp.''Steril.''242, Arist.''HA''551b29, ''Mete.''382b14, Thphr.''HP'' 9.8.3; especially of [[sediment]] in the [[urine]], Hp.''Coac.''146,389, ''Aph.''4.69, al., Gal.6.252, al.; but the [[urine]] itself is called <b class="b3">ἡ ὑπόστασις ἡ εἰς τὴν κύστιν</b>, Arist. ''Mete.''358a8; ἡ τῆς ὑγρᾶς τροφῆς ὑπόστασις Id.''PA''647b28; <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν νεφρῶν ἡ γιγνομένη ὑπόστασις</b> ib.671b20; also of the [[dry]] [[excrement]], <b class="b3">ἡ τῆς ξηρᾶς τροφῆς ὑπόστασις</b> ib.647b28, cf. 677a15, ''Mete.''358b9.<br><span class="bld">b</span> an [[accumulation]] of [[pus]], [[abscess]], Hp.''Art.''40.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">νέφους ὑποστάσεις</b> [[cloud]]-[[cumuli]], D.S.1.38.<br><span class="bld">3</span> a kind of [[jelly]] or [[thick]] [[soup]], in plural, Men.462.10 (cf. Poll.6.60), Orib.4.8.1.<br><span class="bld">4</span> metaph. of time, [[duration]], ἡ στιγμιαία τῶν καιρῶν ὑπόστασις Gal.19.187; <b class="b3">μνήσθητι τίς μου ἡ ὑπόστασις</b> [[remember]] how [[short]] my [[time]] is, [[LXX]] ''Ps.''88(89).48; <b class="b3">ἡ ὑπόστασις μου ὡσεὶ οὐθὲν ἐνώπιόν σου</b> mine [[age]] is as nothing before thee, ib.38(39).6; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὅσον αὐτοῦ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[Ἕκτορος]]) <b class="b3"> ἡ ὑπόστασις τῶν χρόνων ὑπῆρχεν</b> as long as his [[store]] of years lasted, Vett.Val.347.14.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[coming into existence]], [[origin]], ἡ ὑπόστασις μου ἐν τοῖς κατωτάτω τῆς γῆς [[LXX]] ''Ps.''138(139).15; περὶ τοῦ γένους . . τῶν Ἰουδαίων . . ὅτι . . τὴν πρώτην ὑπόστασιν ἔσχεν ἰδίαν J.''Ap.''1.1; <b class="b3">ἀκμὴ οὐδὲ ἔχει γενέσεως ὑ. καθ' ἑαυτήν</b> has no [[power]] of originating by itself, Hermog. ''Id.''1.10.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[foundation]] or [[substructure]] of a temple, etc., [[LXX]] ''Na.''2.7, D.S.1.66, 13.82; <b class="b3">ὑποστάσεις ἐπάλξεων</b> [[lower part]] of a crenellated wall, Ph.''Bel.''84.9; <b class="b3">ὑπόστασις ξύλου</b> is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for [[ὑπότασις]] ξ. in Hp. ''Mochl.''25.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph. of a [[narrative]], [[speech]], or [[poem]], [[groundwork]], [[subject-matter]], [[argument]], Plb.4.2.1, D.S.1.3, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[plan]], [[purpose]], Id.16.32; κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν ὑπόστασιν Id.1.28, 15.70; πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν ὑπόστασιν Id.1.3; <b class="b3">οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι . . ἰδίᾳ τινὶ ὑποστάσει κεχρημένοι εἰσί</b> (''[[sc.]]'' in their calendar) Gem.8.16, cf. 25; κατὰ τὴν Καίσαρος ὑπόστασιν ''BMus.Inscr.''892.21 (Halic., i B. C./i A. D.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[confidence]], [[courage]], [[resolution]], [[steadiness]], of soldiers, Plb.4.50.10,6.55.2; [[hope]], ἔστι μοι ὑ. τοῦ γενηθῆναί με ἀνδρί [[LXX]] ''Ru.''1.12; <b class="b3">ἀπώλετο ἡ ὑπόστασις αὐτῆς</b> ib.''Ez.''19.5, cf. ''Ep.Hebr.''3.14; ἡ ὑπόστασις τῆς καυχήσεως ''2 Ep.Cor.''11.17, cf. 9.4; <b class="b3">ἔστιν δὲ πίστις ἐλπιζομένων ὑπόστασις</b> [[confidence]] in things hoped for, ''Ep.Hebr.''11.1 (unless [[substance]] be the right sense here).<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[undertaking]], [[promise]], οἱ ὑπογεγραμμένοι γεωργοὶ ἐπέδωκαν ἡμῖν ὑπόστασιν ''PEleph.''15.3 (iii B. C.), cf. ''PTheb.Bank''1.8 (ii B. C.), ''PTeb.''61 (b).194 (ii B. C.).<br><span class="bld">6</span> Astrol., <b class="b3">τὰ τούτου</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">κλήρου τύχης</b>) <b class="b3"> τετράγωνα ὑπόστασις</b> (fort. <b class="b3">-στάσεις</b>) <b class="b3"> [λέγεται</b>] Serapio in ''Cat.Cod.Astr.''8(4).227.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[substantial nature]], [[substance]], <b class="b3">δύσσχιστα, τῷ κολλώδη τὴν ὑπόστασιν ἔχειν</b> woods hard to cleave, because of their resinous [[substance]], Thphr.''CP''5.16.4; <b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ γεώδους ὑπόστασις</b> ib.6.7.4.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[substance]], [[actual existence]], [[reality]] (οἱ νεώτεροι τῶν φιλοσόφων ἀντὶ τῆς οὐσίας τῇ λέξει τῆς ὑποστάσεως ἐχρήσαντο Socr. ''HE''3.7), opp. [[semblance]], [[φαντασία]]ν μὲν ἔχειν πλούτου, ὑπόστασιν δὲ μή Artem.3.14; <b class="b3">τῶν ἐν ἀέρι φαντασμάτων τὰ μέν ἐστι κατ' ἔμφασιν, τὰ δὲ καθ' ὑπόστασιν</b> ([[substantial]], [[actual]]), Arist.''Mu.''395a30, cf. ''Placit.''3.6, D.L.7.135, 9.91; so [[ὑποστάσεις]] are the [[substance]]s of which the [[reflection]]s (αἱ κατοπτρικαὶ ἐμφάσεις) appear in the mirror, ''Placit.''4.14.2; <b class="b3">ὑπόστασιν ἔχειν</b> have [[substantial existence]], Demetr.Lac.''Herc.''1055.14, S.E. ''P.''2.94, 176, M.Ant.9.42; <b class="b3">ἰδίᾳ χρησάμενον ὑποστάσει</b> ([[ὑποτάσει]] cod.), <b class="b3">πρὸς ἰδίαν ὑπόστασιν φυτευθέντα</b>, a [[separate]] [[existence]], Sor.1.96, cf. 33; ὑπόστασιν μὴ ἔχειν Id.2.57; ὑποστάσεις τε καὶ μεταβολαί M.Ant.9.1, cf. 10.5; ἡ [παρασιτικὴ] διαφέρει καὶ τῆς ῥητορικῆς καὶ τῆς φιλοσοφίας . . κατὰ τὴν ὑπόστασιν (in respect of [[reality]]) · ἡ μὲν γὰρ ὑφέστηκεν, αἱ δὲ οὔ Luc. ''Par.''27; κατ' ἰδίαν ὑπόστασιν καὶ οὐσίαν S.E.''M.''9.338.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[real nature]], [[essence]], χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως ''Ep.Hebr.''1.3.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> as a Rhet. figure, the full [[expression]] or [[expansion]] of an [[idea]], Hermog.''Id.''1.11, Aristid. ''Rh.''1p.479S., Syrian. ''in Hermog.''1.60 R.<br><span class="bld">V</span> = [[ὑπόστημα]] ''III'', [[camp]], [[LXX]] ''1 Ki.''13.23, 14.4.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[wealth]], [[substance]], [[property]], ib.''De.''11.6, ''Je.''10.17, ''POxy.''1274.15 (iii A. D.), ''BGU''1020.16 (vi A. D.), etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> pl., [[title]] [[deed]]s, [[document]]s recording [[ownership]] of [[property]], POxy.237 viii 26 (ii A. D.). | ||
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|elrutext='''ὑπόστᾰσις:''' εως ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[выдерживание]], [[поддерживание]] (τοῦ βάρους Arst.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[оседание]], [[опадание]] (τοῦ κύματος Arst.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[осадок]], [[отстой]] (''[[sc.]]'' τοῦ οἴνου Arst.);<br /><b class="num">4</b> физиол. [[выделение]] (ἡ ἐκ τῶν νεφρῶν ὑπόστασις Arst.);<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[сгущение]], [[уплотнение]]: νέφους ὑποστάσεις Diod. возникновение туч, облачность;<br /><b class="num">6</b> [[густая похлебка]] Men.;<br /><b class="num">7</b> архит. [[основание]], [[фундамент]] (τοῦ τάφου Diod.);<br /><b class="num">8</b> [[основа]], [[план]], [[схема]]: ἡ ὑπόστασις τῆς ἐπιβολῆς Diod. основной план;<br /><b class="num">9</b> [[стойкость]], [[твердость]], [[выдержка]] (ὑπόστασις καὶ [[τόλμα]] Polyb.);<br /><b class="num">10</b> [[существование]], [[реальность]], [[действительность]]: τὰ [[μέν]] ἐστι κατ᾽ ἔμφασιν, τὰ δὲ καθ᾽ ὑπόστασιν Arst. одни (явления) существуют в видимости, другие же в действительности; ὑπόστασιν ἔχειν Sext. быть реальным;<br /><b class="num">11</b> [[сущность]]: κατὰ τὴν ὑπόστασιν Luc., Sext. в сущности, по существу;<br /><b class="num">12</b> [[личность]] (χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεώς τινος NT);<br /><b class="num">13</b> [[твердость]], [[уверенность]] (ἐλπιζομένων NT). | |elrutext='''ὑπόστᾰσις:''' εως ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[выдерживание]], [[поддерживание]] (τοῦ βάρους Arst.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[оседание]], [[опадание]] (τοῦ κύματος Arst.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[осадок]], [[отстой]] (''[[sc.]]'' τοῦ οἴνου Arst.);<br /><b class="num">4</b> физиол. [[выделение]] (ἡ ἐκ τῶν νεφρῶν ὑπόστασις Arst.);<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[сгущение]], [[уплотнение]]: νέφους ὑποστάσεις Diod. возникновение туч, облачность;<br /><b class="num">6</b> [[густая похлебка]] Men.;<br /><b class="num">7</b> архит. [[основание]], [[фундамент]] (τοῦ τάφου Diod.);<br /><b class="num">8</b> [[основа]], [[план]], [[схема]]: ἡ ὑπόστασις τῆς ἐπιβολῆς Diod. основной план;<br /><b class="num">9</b> [[стойкость]], [[твердость]], [[выдержка]] (ὑπόστασις καὶ [[τόλμα]] Polyb.);<br /><b class="num">10</b> [[существование]], [[реальность]], [[действительность]]: τὰ [[μέν]] ἐστι κατ᾽ ἔμφασιν, τὰ δὲ καθ᾽ ὑπόστασιν Arst. одни (явления) существуют в видимости, другие же в действительности; ὑπόστασιν ἔχειν Sext. быть реальным;<br /><b class="num">11</b> [[сущность]]: κατὰ τὴν ὑπόστασιν Luc., Sext. в сущности, по существу;<br /><b class="num">12</b> [[личность]] (χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεώς τινος NT);<br /><b class="num">13</b> [[твердость]], [[уверенность]] (ἐλπιζομένων NT). | ||
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|wketx=[[hypostasis|Hypostasis]] (plural: hypostases), from the Greek [[ὑπόστασις]] (hypóstasis), is the underlying state or underlying substance and is the fundamental reality that supports all else. In Neoplatonism the hypostasis of the soul, the intellect (nous) and "the one" was addressed by Plotinus. In Christian theology, the Holy Trinity consists of three hypostases: Hypostasis of the Father, Hypostasis of the Son, and Hypostasis of the Holy Spirit. | |||
Pseudo-Aristotle used hypostasis in the sense of material substance. Neoplatonists argue that beneath the surface phenomena that present themselves to our senses are three higher spiritual principles, or hypostases, each one more sublime than the preceding. For Plotinus, these are the Soul, the Intellect, and the One. | |||
The term hypostasis has a particular significance in Christian theology, particularly in Christian Triadology (study of the Holy Trinity), and also in Christology (study of Christ). | |||
In Christian Triadology (study of the Holy Trinity) three specific theological concepts have emerged throughout history, in reference to number and mutual relations of divine hypostases: | |||
# monohypostatic (or miahypostatic) concept advocates that God has only one hypostasis; | |||
# dyohypostatic concept advocates that God has two hypostases (Father and Son); | |||
# trihypostatic concept advocates that God has three hypostases (Father, Son and the Holy Spirit). The great majority of Christians, including Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and most Protestants, consider trihypostatic Trinitarian doctrine to be definitively Christian, and thus consider other groups which claim to be Christian but do not adhere to this doctrine as "non-Christian". | |||
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