καθίστημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> in causal sense:—Act., in pres., impf., fut., and pf. καθέστᾰκα <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Eux.</span>28</span>, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Je.</span>1.10</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Dem.</span>54</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.32.11</span>, etc.; once καθέστηκα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.82i14</span> (iii B. C.): plpf. -εστάκει Demetr. Sceps. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.15.697d</span>:—also in Med., fut. (<span class="bibl">Paus.3.5.1</span>), aor. 1, more rarely pres. (infr. A. 11.2):—[[set down]], κρητῆρα καθίστα <span class="bibl">Il.9.202</span>; <b class="b3">νῆα κατάστησον</b> [[bring]] it to [[land]], <span class="bibl">Od.12.185</span>; <b class="b3">κ. δίφρους</b> [[place]], [[station]] them, before starting for the [[race]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>710</span>; [[ποῖ]] ([[δεῖ]]) <b class="b3">καθιστάναι πόδα</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>184</span>; κ. τινὰ εἰς τὸ φανερόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.22</span>; [[set up]], [[erect]], of [[stone]]s, <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>94, 95 H.:—Med., [[λαῖφος]] <b class="b3">κατεστήσαντο βοεῦσι</b> [[steady|steadied]] it, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>407</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[bring down]] to a place, τούς μ' ἐκέλευσα Πύλονδε καταστῆσαι <span class="bibl">Od.13.274</span>: generally, [[bring]], κ. τινὰ ἐς Νάξον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.64</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.4.78</span>; esp. [[bring back]], πάλιν αὐτὸν κ. ἐς τὸ τεῖχος σῶν καὶ ὑγιᾶ <span class="bibl">Id.3.34</span>; κ. τοὺς Ἕλληνας εἰς Ἰωνίαν πάλιν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.4.13</span>; without [[πάλιν]], [[replace]], [[restore]], ἐς φῶς σὸν κ. βίον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>362</span>; ἃς (''[[sc.]]'' τὰς κόρας) οὐδ' ὁ [[Μελάμπους]]… καταστήσειεν ἄν = [[cure]] their [[squint]], <span class="bibl">Alex.112.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἰκτεριῶντας κ</b>. Dsc.4.1; τὸ [[σῶμα]] = [[restore]] the [[general]] [[health]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span> 2.133</span>:—Med., [[κατεστήσαντο]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[κατεκτήσαντο]]) [[εὐδαιμονία]]ν <span class="bibl">Isoc. 4.62</span>:—Pass., οὐκ ἂν ἀντὶ πόνων [[Χάρις]] καθίσταιτο = [[would]] be [[return]]ed, <span class="bibl">Th. 4.86</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[bring before]] a [[ruler]] or [[magistrate]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.209</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>65.10</span> (i B. C.), etc.; τινὰ ἐπί τινα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>202.6</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>281.24</span> (i A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[set in order]], [[array]], of [[soldier]]s, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.10.10</span>; [[set]] as [[guard]]s, [[προφυλακή|προφυλακάς]] ib.<span class="bibl">3.2.1</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[ordain]], [[appoint]], κατέστησε τύραννον εἶναι παῖδα τὸν ἑωυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.94</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">25</span>: usually without the inf., κ. τινὰ ὕπαρχον <span class="bibl">Id.7.105</span>; [[ἄλλον]] [[ἄρχοντα]] ἀντὶ αὐτοῦ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.12</span>, etc.; βασιλέα ἐπί τινας <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>8.5</span>, al.; τινὰ ἐς μοναρχίαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 352</span>; ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχάς <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.132</span>; τινὰ τύραννον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1672</span>; κ. ἐγγυητάς <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.196</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>1064</span>; [[δικαστής|δικαστάς]], [[ἐπιμελητής|ἐπιμελητάς]], [[νομοθέτης|νομοθέτας]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span> 917</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.1.9</span>, <span class="bibl">D.3.10</span> (sed leg. [[καθίσατε]], cf. [[καθίζω]] <span class="bibl">1.4</span>); of games, etc., <b class="b3">γυμνικοὺς ἀγῶνας κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.1</span>: rarely c. inf., οἱ καθιστάντες μουσικῇ… παιδεύειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410b</span>:—so in Pass., [[κυβερνᾶν]] κατασταθείς <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Mem.</span>1.7.3</span>: aor. Med., [[appoint for oneself]], τύραννον καταστησάμενοι παρὰ. σφίσι αὐτοῖσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.92</span>.á; ἄρχοντας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.39</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> especially of [[law]]s, [[constitution]]s, ceremonies, etc., [[establish]], [[νόμους]], [[τελετάς]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>892</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>21</span>, etc.; [[πολιτεία]]ν, [[δημοκρατία]]ν, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>7.1</span>, Decr.ib. <span class="bibl">29.3</span>; ὀλιγαρχίαν <span class="bibl">Lys.12.42</span>; also, [[set in order]], [[arrange]], πολιτείαν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>590e</span>:—also in Med., τοῦτο [[βουλευτήριον]] [[φρούρημα]] γῆς καθίσταμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>706</span>; τὴν Ἱππίου καθίσταμαι [[τυραννίδα]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>502</span>; καθίστατο τὰ περὶ τὴν Μυτιλήνην ᾗ αὐτῷ ἐδόκει <span class="bibl">Th.3.35</span>; πόλεις ἐπὶ τὸ ὠφέλιμον <span class="bibl">Id.1.76</span>; [[Εὔβοια]]ν [[ὁμολογίᾳ]] ib.<span class="bibl">114</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ἐμὲ τὸ πρᾶγμα καταστήσασθαι</b> [[settle]] it with me, <span class="bibl">D.21.90</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[bring into a certain state]], τινὰ ἐς [[ἀπόνοια|ἀπόνοιαν]] <span class="bibl">Th.1.82</span>; ἐς ἀπορίαν <span class="bibl">Id.7.75</span>; εἰς ἀνάγκην <span class="bibl">Lys.3.3</span>; εἰς αἰσχύνην <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>230d</span>; εἰς [[ἐρημία]]ν φίλων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232d</span>; εἰς ἀγῶνα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ap.</span>24c</span>; τινὰ εἰς ἀσφάλειαν <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.123</span>; <b class="b3">τίνας εἰς ἀγῶνα καθέστακα</b>; <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Eux.</span> 28</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lycurg.2</span>; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀγῶνι καὶ κινδύνῳ <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.61</span>; τὴν πόλιν ἐν πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>242a</span>; τοὺς φίλους ἐν ἀκινδύνῳ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.28</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ἑαυτὸν ἐς κρίσιν</b> [[present]] himself for [[trial]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.131</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lycurg.6</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ εἰς τοὺς ἀρχικούς</b> [[reckon]] him as one of... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> c. dupl. acc., [[make]], [[render so and so]], ψευδῆ γ' ἐμαυτόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>657</span>; ἡ [[ἐπιθυμία]] κ. τινὰ ἀμνήμονα <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.1.7</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ πιστὸν ὑμᾶς ἀπιστοτέρους κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.1.68</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τι φανερόν, σαφές</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.2.42</span>, <span class="bibl">1.32</span>; <b class="b3">τινὸς ἐπίπονον τὸν βίον κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.17</span>: c. part., [[κλαίοντα καθιστάναι τινά]] = [[bring one to tears]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>635</span>: rarely c. inf., <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ φεύγειν</b> [[make]] him [[fly]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.84</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>283</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Charid.</span>8</span>:—Pass., ἀνάγκη τὴν [[ναυμαχία]]ν [[πεζομαχία]]ν καθίστασθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> Med., [[get for oneself]], τὴν ζόην καταστήσασθαι ἀπ' ἔργων ἀνοσιωτάτων <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.105</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[make]], in periphrases, πάννυχοι… διάπλοον καθίστασαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>382</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">κρυφαῖον ἔκπλουν οὐδαμῇ καθίστατο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">385</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> intr. in aor. 2, pf. [[καθέστηκα]], and plpf. of Act. (also fut. καθεστήξω <span class="bibl">Th.3.37</span>, <span class="bibl">102</span>), and all tenses of Med. (exc. aor. 1) and Pass.: pf. [[καθέσταμαι]] in later Greek, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1006.24 (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Nu.</span>3.32</span>, etc.:—to [[be set]], [[set oneself down]], [[settle]], ἐς [[Αἴγινα]]ν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.131</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.4.75</span>; [[ὀδύναι]] καθίσταντο ἐς ὑπογάστριον <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.97</span>; of [[joint]]s, <b class="b3">ἐξίσταται ἀνωδύνως καὶ κ</b>. goes out of joint and [[in again]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Art.</span>8</span>; κ. ἐς [[Ῥήγιον]] = to [[make]] [[Rhegium]] a [[base]] of [[operation]]s, <span class="bibl">Th.3.86</span>; simply, to [[be come to]] a [[place]], ὅποι καθέσταμεν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[come before]] another, [[stand in]] his [[presence]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.135</span>; λέξον καταστάς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 295</span> (unless it be taken in signf. <span class="bibl">4</span>), cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.152</span>; κ. ἐς ὄψιν τινός <span class="bibl">Id.7.29</span>; καταστάντες ἐπὶ τοὺς [[ἄρχων|ἄρχοντας]] ἔλεγον <span class="bibl">Id.3.46</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">156</span>; καταστὰς ἐπὶ τὸ πλῆθος ἔλεγε <span class="bibl">Th.4.84</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be set]] as guard, ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.59</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>356</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.5.19</span>, etc.; to [[be appointed]], δεσπότης… καθέστηκα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>142</span>; στρατηλάτης νέος καταστάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1216</span>; <b class="b3">κ. Χορηγὸς εἰς Θαργήλια, στρατηγός</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.35</span>, etc.; οἱ πρόβουλοι καθεστᾶσιν ἐπὶ τοῖς βουλευταῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1299b37</span>; [[δικτάτωρ]]… καθεστάμενος τὸ [[τέταρτον]] = Lat. [[dictator]] [[designatus]] [[quartum]], of [[Caesar]], <span class="title">IG</span>12(2).35b7 (Mytil.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[deposit a sediment]], <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Epid.</span>1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> also, [[stand]] or [[become quiet]] or [[become calm]], of [[water]], ὅταν ἡ [[λίμνη]] καταστῇ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>865</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHolm.</span>16.3</span>; <b class="b3">θάλασσα γαληνὴ καὶ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Plb.21.31.10</span>; <b class="b3">πνεῦμα λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκός</b> calm and [[settled]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> 1003</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ θόρυβος κατέστη</b> [[subside]]d, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.80</span>; of laughter, <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>3.4</span>; of a [[swelling]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prog.</span>7</span>; ἕως τὰ πράγματα κατασταίη <span class="bibl">Lys. 13.25</span>; also of persons, [[καταστάς]] [[composedly]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>295</span> (but v. supr. <span class="bibl">1b</span>); [<b class="b3">ἡ ψυχὴ</b>] καθίσταται καὶ ἠρεμίζεται <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>248a2</span>; [[ὁρῶμεν]] [<b class="b3">τοὺς ἐνθουσιαστικοὺς</b>]… καθισταμένους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1342a10</span>; καθεστηκυίας τῆς διανοίας <span class="bibl">Ocell.4.13</span>; <b class="b3">καθεστῶτι προσώπῳ</b> with [[composed]], [[calm]] countenance, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Fab.</span>17</span>; μαίνεσθαι καὶ ἔξω τοῦ καθεστηκότος εἶναι <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Philops.</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">τίς ἂν καθεστηκὼς φήσαιε</b>; what [[person]] of [[mature]] [[judgement]] would [[say]]… ? <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>5.15</span>; ἡ [[καθεστηκυία|καθεστηκυῖα]] [[ἡλικία]] = [[middle]] [[age]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.36</span>; <b class="b3">ἡλικία μέση καὶ καθεστηκυῖα</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ep.</span>316c</span>; [[οἱ καθεστηκότες]] = [[those of middle age]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>1.13</span>: also, with metaphor from wine, [[mellow]], of persons, <span class="bibl">Alex.45.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[come into a certain state]], [[become]], and in pf. and plpf., to [[have]] [[become]], [[be]], ἀντὶ φίλου πολέμιόν τινι κ. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.87</span>; οἱ μὲν ὀφθαλμῶν ἰητροὶ κατεστέασι, οἱ δὲ κεφαλῆς <span class="bibl">Id.2.84</span>; ἔμφρων καθίσταται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>306</span>; τῶν ἄνωθεν ὑπόπτων καθεστώτων <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Sent.</span>13</span>; ἐς μάχην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.45</span>; ἐς πόλεμον ὑμῖν καὶ μάχην κ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span> 1168</span>; ἐς πάλην καθίσταται δορὸς τὸ πρᾶγμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>159</span>; ἐς τὴν ἴησιν <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.12</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ αὐτό</b> they [[recover]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Coac.</span>160</span> (later abs., καταστῆναι καὶ μηδενὸς ἔτι φαρμάκου δεηθῆναι <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Vict.Att.</span>1</span>); ἐς τοὺς κινδύνους <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.3.1</span>; ἐς φόβον <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.81</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς δέος, λύπην</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.4.108</span>,<span class="bibl">7.75</span>; ἐς φυγήν <span class="bibl">Id.2.81</span>; ἐς ἔχθραν τινί <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.67</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ὁμόνοιαν, εἰς πολλὴν ἀθυμίαν</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.18.18</span>, <span class="bibl">12.3</span>; <b class="b3">καταστῆναι ἐς συνήθειάν τινος τὴν πόλιν ποιεῖν</b> [[make]] the [[city]] [[become]] [[accustomed]] to it, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.165</span>; ἀντιστασιώτης κατεστήκεε [[had]] [[been]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.92</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.37</span>; ἐν δείματι μεγάλῳ κατέστασαν <span class="bibl">Id.7.138</span>; <b class="b3">καταστάντων σφι εὖ τῶν πρηγμάτων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">132</span>; <b class="b3">τίνι τρόπῳ καθέστατε</b>; [[in]] [[what]] [[case]] [[are]] [[ye]]? <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>10</span>; <b class="b3">φονέα με φησὶ… καθεστάναι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">703</span>; ἄπαρνος δ' οὐδενὸς καθίστατο <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>435</span>; [[κρυπτός|κρυπτὸς]] καταστάς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1064</span>; οἱ ἐν τούτῳ τῆς ἡλικίας καθεστῶτες ἐν ᾧ… <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.1.1</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν οἵῳ τρόπῳ [ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἀρχὴ] κατέστη</b> how it [[come into being|came into being]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">96</span>; <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενος εὐθὺς καθισταμένου</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τοῦ πολέμου</b>) from its [[first]] [[commencement]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> to [[be established]] or [[be instituted]], [[prevail]], καί σφι μαντήϊον Διὸς κατέστηκε <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.29</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγραι… πολλαὶ κατεστᾶσι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">70</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.200</span>; <b class="b3">ὅδε σφι νόμος κατεστήκεε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">197</span>; βροτοῖσιν ὃς καθέστηκεν νόμος <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>91</span>: c. inf., θεὸν Ἀμφιάραον πρώτοις Ὠρωπίοις κατέστη νομίζειν <span class="bibl">Paus.1.34.2</span>: pf. part., [[exist]]ing, [[established]], [[prevail]]ing, <b class="b3">τὸν νῦν κατεστεῶτα κόσμον</b> Hdt <span class="bibl">1.65</span>; ἦν κατεστηκὸς οὐδὲν φόρου πέρι <span class="bibl">Id.3.89</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς κατεστεῶτας τριηκοσίους</b> the [[regular]] <span class="bibl">300</span>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.205</span>; οἱ καθεστῶτες νόμοι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1113</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1400</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ καθεστῶτα</b> the [[present state of life]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1160</span>; also, [[exist]]ing [[law]]s, [[usage]]s, <b class="b3">τὰ τότε καθεστῶτα, τά ποτε καθεστῶτα</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 798b</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.56</span>; ἐπὶ τοῖσι κατεστεῶσι ἔνεμε τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.59</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> of purchases, [[cost]], <b class="b3">πλέον ἢ ὅσου ἐμοὶ κατέστησαν</b> = [[more]] [[than]] [[they]] stood me in, <span class="bibl">And.2.11</span>, cf. Plu.2.349a. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[stand against]], [[oppose]], <b class="b3">πρός τινα</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Plb.23.18.5</span>:—Pass., Τιτήνεσσι κατέσταθεν <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>674</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">C</span> aor. 1 Med. and sometimes pres. Med. are used in trans. sense, v. supr. A. 11.2sq.</span>