ἐπιβαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=rarely [[ἐπιβάω]], imper. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἐπίβᾱ <span class="bibl">Thgn.847</span>, Dor. inf. [[ἐπιβῆν]] (infr.IV): fut.<b class="b3">-βήσομαι</b>: pf.<b class="b3">-βέβηκα</b>: aor. 2 [[ἐπέβην]]: aor. 1 Med. [[ἐπεβησάμην]] (of which Hom.always uses the Ep.form [[ἐπεβήσετο]], imper. ἐπιβήσεο <span class="bibl">Il.8.105</span>, al.; later ἐπεβήσατο <span class="bibl">A.R.3.869</span>, Dor. -βάσατο <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span>65</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span>. in these tenses, intr., [[go upon]]: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span>. c. gen., [[set foot on]], [[tread]], [[walk upon]], [[γαίης]], [[ἠπείρου]], <span class="bibl">Od.9.83</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 127</span>; <b class="b3">πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.396</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.521</span>, <span class="bibl">14.229</span>; [[ἀδύτων]] ἐπιβάς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1034</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. τῶν οὔρων</b> [[set foot on]] the confines, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.103</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>778e</span>; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>7.4.6</span>; <b class="b3">πυρῆς ἐπιβάντ' ἀλεγεινῆς</b>, of a corpse, <b class="b2">placed upon . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.99</span>; πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>2.18</span>; also ἐ. ἐπί τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.107</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. [[get upon]], [[mount on]], πύργων <span class="bibl">Il.8.165</span>; [[νεῶν]] ib. <span class="bibl">512</span>; ἵππων <span class="bibl">5.328</span>, <span class="bibl">10.513</span>; δίφρου <span class="bibl">23.379</span>; εὐνῆς <span class="bibl">9.133</span>; τοῦ τείχεος <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.70</span>; <b class="b3">λέκτρων ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>39</span>; also ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.118</span>: freq. in Hom., in aor. Med., ἐπεβήσετ' ἀπήνης <span class="bibl">Od.6.78</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span>. Archit., to [[be superposed]], τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς <span class="title">IG</span>7.3073.104, cf. 111 (Lebad.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span>. of [[time]], [[arrive at]], τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>666b</span>; [[δεκάτω]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἔτεος]]) <b class="b3"> ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.29</span>; δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς <span class="title">IG</span> 14.1728; τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span>. metaph., [[ἀναιδείης]] [[ἐπέβησαν]] [[have trodden the path of]] shamelessness, <span class="bibl">Od.22.424</span>; <b class="b3">ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον</b> [[enter into]] joy, <span class="bibl">23.52</span>; <b class="b3">τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>166</span>, <span class="bibl">465</span>; [[ὁσίης]] ib.<span class="bibl">173</span>; εὐσεβίας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>189</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. δόξης</b> [[entertain]] an expectation, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1463</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ἐ. σοφίας</b> [[undertake]] it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span>981a</span>; λόγου <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Astr.</span>8</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως</b>, [[seize upon]] it, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Syr.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sam.</span>11</span>, etc.; [[preside over]], <b class="b3">τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης</b> ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>9.8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span>. c. dat., [[get upon]], [[board]], ναυσί <span class="bibl">Th.7.70</span>; [[land on]], ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ <span class="bibl">D.S.16.66</span>: metaph., ἐ. ἀνορέαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.20</span>; also, [[make forcible entry into]], <b class="b3">τινός οἰκίαις, γῇ</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHamb.</span>10.6</span> (ii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.142.7</span> (iv A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span>. with a Prep., <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος</b> ἐπιβέβηκε <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.181</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. c. dat. pers., [[set upon]], [[assault]], τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 5.2.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cim.</span>15</span>, etc.; simply, [[approach]], dub. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span>. [[trample on]], λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ <span class="bibl">Thgn.847</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span>. c. acc.loci, [[light upon]], in Hom. twice of gods [[lighting upon]] earth after their descent from Olympus, <b class="b3">Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.14.226</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.50</span>; so <b class="b3">πολλῶν ἐ</b>. [[καιρόν]] [[light on]] the fit time, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.18</span>; then simply, [[go on to]] a place, [[enter]] it, γῆν καὶ ἔθνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.50</span>; λειμῶν' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>144</span> (anap.): with Prep., <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν</b> Decr.Amphict. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.154</span>; εἰς Βοιωτίαν <span class="bibl">D.S.14</span>. <span class="bibl">84</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. rarely c. acc. pers., [[attack]], only poet., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>138</span> (anap.): metaph., of passion or suffering, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>492</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>194</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span>. [[mount]], νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>286</span>: more freq. with Prep., [[ἐπὶ]] τὸν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.22</span>; ἐπὶνέα <span class="bibl">Id.8.120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.111</span>; but <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ</b>, of made quadrupeds, [[cover]] a female, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>539b26</span>; so abs., ib. <span class="bibl">574a20</span>, al.: c. dat., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>27</span>: c. gen., <span class="bibl">Horap.1.46</span>, <span class="bibl">2.78</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span>. <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος</b> [[use]], [[put one's weight on]], a broken leg, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Fract.</span> 18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span>. with acc. of the Instr. of Motion (cf. [[βαίνω]] A.11.4), <b class="b3">ἐπιβῆναι τῷ</b> ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>4.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tox.</span>48</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span>. abs., [[get a footing]], [[stand on one's feet]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.666</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.434</span>; [[μἠπιβῆν]] it is forbidden to [[set foot]] here, <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).1381 (Thera). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. [[step onwards]], [[advance]], Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε <span class="bibl">Il.16.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span> 679</span>, [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.43</span>; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>179</span> (s.v.l., lyr.): me taph., [[advance in one's demands]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.68.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span>. [[mount on a]] [[chariot]] or [[on horseback]], [[be mounted]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.84</span>; [[go]] or [[be on board ship]], <span class="bibl">Il.15.387</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>358</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.90</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.90</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span>. Causal in fut. -βήσω <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DMort.</span>6.4</span>, Ep. inf. -βησέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.8.197</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>396</span>, but usually in aor. 1 Act. ([[ἐπιβιβάζω]], [[ἐπιβάσκω]] serve as pres.):—[[make]] one [[mount]], [[set]] him [[upon]], ὅν ῥα τόθ' ἵππων . . ἐπέβησε <span class="bibl">Il.8.129</span>; πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησ' ἀλεγεινῆς <span class="bibl">9.546</span>; <b class="b3">ὥς κ' ἐμὲ . . ἐμῆς</b> ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης <span class="bibl">Od.7.223</span>; ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>4.7.6</span>; [[πλοίων]] ib. <span class="bibl">11.5</span>, cf. Luc.l.c.; ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>5.92</span>; <b class="b3">τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.59</span>: also in aor. 1 Med., νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span> 65</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span>. of things, <b class="b3">νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας</b> [[set]] the string [[on]] his bow's tip, <span class="bibl">B.5.73</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. metaph. (cf.A.1.4), <b class="b3">ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον</b> [[bring]] [[to]] great glory, <span class="bibl">Il.8.285</span>; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>396</span>; [[χαλιφρονέοντα]] <b class="b3">σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν</b> they [[bring]] him [[to]] sobriety, <span class="bibl">Od.23.13</span>; [[λιγυρῆς]] ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>659</span>; [[δουλοσύνας]] (prob.) E.<span class="title">Hyps.Fr.</span>41(64).86; <b class="b3">εἴ σε τύχη . . ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν</b> [[had brought thee to]] full age, <span class="title">IG</span>2.2263. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span>. [<b class="b3">ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου</b> dawn [[sets]] them [[on]] their way, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>580</span>.</span>