ὀφέλλω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), Ep., Aeol., and Arc. for [[ὀφείλω]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]] sub init.).<br /><span class="bld">ὀφέλλω</span> (B), Aeol. aor. ind. 3sg. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ὤφελλε <span class="bibl">Od.16.174</span>, [[ὄφελλε]] (ν) <span class="bibl">Il. 2.420</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.120</span> (unless these are impf.); aor. subj. 3pl. [[ὀφέλλωσιν]] <span class="bibl">Il.1.510</span>; aor. opt. ὀφέλλειεν <span class="bibl">16.651</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.334</span>:—old Ep. Verb, [[increase]], [[enlarge]], [[strengthen]], στόνον <span class="bibl">Il.4.445</span>; πόνον <span class="bibl">16.651</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.334</span>; ἀνδρὸς ἐρωήν <span class="bibl">Il.3.62</span>; δέμας δ' ὤφελλε καὶ ἥβην <span class="bibl">Od.16.174</span>; <b class="b3">ἲς ἀνέμου . . κύματ' ὀφέλλει</b> the force of the wind [[raises high]] the waves, <span class="bibl">Il.15.383</span>; <b class="b3">μῦθον ὀ</b>. [[multiply]] words, <span class="bibl">16.631</span>; <b class="b3">ὕβριν ὀ</b>. [[add to]] insult, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>213</span>; <b class="b3">πόλεμον καὶ δῆριν ὀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">33</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφρ' ἂν Ἀχαιοὶ υἱὸν ἐμὸν τίσωσιν, ὀφέλλωσίν τέ ἑ τιμῇ</b> [[advance]] him in honour, <span class="bibl">Il.1.510</span>; <b class="b3">οἶκον ὀ</b>. [[advance]] it, [[make]] it [[thrive]], <span class="bibl">Od.15.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>495</span> (hence [[οἰκωφελίη]]) <b class="b3">; πεδίον σὺν θεῶν τιμαῖς ὀ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.260</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">οἶκος ὀφέλλετο</b> it [[waxed great]], [[prospered]], <span class="bibl">Od.14.233</span>; ὀφέλλετο γὰρ μένος ἠῢ ἵππου <span class="bibl">Il.23.524</span>; λήϊον . . ὀφελλόμενον Διὸς ὄμβρῳ <span class="bibl">Theoc.17.78</span>; τὰ τῶν θύραθεν . . ὀφέλλεται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>103</span>; <b class="b3">ἀραγμὸς ἐν πύλαις ὀφέλλεται</b> [[increases]], [[waxes louder]], ib.<span class="bibl">249</span>. (Dialectal word acc. to <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>417c</span>.)</span><br /><span class="bld">ὀφέλλω</span> (C), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[sweep]], τὴν στέγην <span class="bibl">Hippon.51</span>.</span>

|auten=(1): see [[ὀφείλω]].<br />(2), ipf. [[ὤφελλον]], ὄφελλε(ν), aor. opt. ὀφέλλειεν, [[pass]]. ipf. [[ὀφέλλετο]]: [[augment]], [[increase]]; οἶκον, [[οἶκος]], [[ὀφέλλετο]], in [[riches]], Od. 15.21, Od. 14.233 ; μῦθον, ‘[[multiply]] words,’ Il. 16.631.<br />ipf. ὄφειλον, [[ὤφελλον]], [[ὄφελλον]], aor. 2 ὄφελον, [[ὤφελες]], [[pass]]. ὀφείλεται, ipf. ὀφείλετο: [[owe]], [[ought]]; [[χρεῖος]] ὄφειλον, ‘[[they]] were owing’ a [[debt]]; [[pass]]. [[χρεῖος]] ὀφείλεταί μοι, ‘is [[due]]’ me, Il. 11.688,, Od. 3.367; [[then]] of [[obligation]] (ipf. and aor. 2), τῖμήν [[πέρ]] μοι ὄφελλεν [[Ὀλύμπιος]] ἐγγυαλίξαι, honor at [[all]] events ‘he [[ought]] to [[have]] bestowed’ [[upon]] me, Il. 1.353; [[hence]] the [[use]] in wishes [[impossible]] of realization ([[past]] or [[present]]), explained in the grammars, αἴθ' ὄφελες παρὰ νηυσὶν [[ἀδάκρῦτος]] καὶ [[ἀπήμων]] &#x007C; ἧσθαι, ‘would [[that]] thou wert [[sitting]], etc.,’ Il. 1.415.

|lsmtext='''ὀφέλλω:''' (Α), Επικ. αντί [[ὀφείλω]].<br /><b class="num">• [[ὀφέλλω]]:</b> (Β), Επικ. απαρ. <i>-[[έμεν]]</i>· παρατ. [[ὤφελλον]], Επικ. Αιολ. ευκτ. αορ. αʹ <i>ὀφέλλειεν</i>, [[αυξάνω]], [[μεγεθύνω]], [[ενισχύω]], σε Όμηρ.· <i>ἲς ἀνέμου κύματ' ὀφέλλει</i>, η [[δύναμη]] του ανέμου σηκώνει [[ψηλά]] τα κύματα, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· μῦθον [[ὀφέλλω]], [[πολλαπλασιάζω]] τις λέξεις, στο ίδ.· <i>ὄφρ' ἂν Ἀχαιοὶ υἱὸν ἐμὸν τίσωσιν</i>, <i>ὀφέλλωσί τε ἑ τιμῇ</i>, και [[μακάρι]] να τον προαγάγουν στη [[δόξα]], στο ίδ. — Παθ., [[οἶκος]] ὀφέλλεται, αναπτύσσεται [[πολύ]], ευδοκιμεί, ευημερεί, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.

|etymtx=1. Meaning: to [[owe]]<br />See also: s. [[ὀφείλω]].<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[to increase]], [[to enlarge]], [[to augment]], [[to advance]] (ep., Pi., A., Theoc.).<br />Other forms: Aor. opt. [[ὀφέλλειεν]] (Π 651, β 334), beside which the ambivalent [[ὀφέλλωσιν]] (Α 510), <b class="b3">ὄφελλε(ν</b>) (Β 420, Theoc. 25, 120), [[ὤφελλε]] (π 174).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[noperea₂]] /[[nopheleaha]]/ [[useless]] < <b class="b2">*n̥-h₃bheles-</b>.<br />Compounds: Also w. <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b> (ο 18).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὄφελ-μα</b> n. (S. Fr. 1079), <b class="b3">-μός</b> m. (inscr. Lydia) [[augmentation]], [[advantage]], <b class="b3">-σιμος</b> [[advantageous]], [[useful]] (Call., Orph., Opp.; after <b class="b3">χρή-</b>, <b class="b3">ὀνή-σιμος</b>, Arbenz 37); also [[ὀφέλλιμος]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Max.) with dir. connection to [[ὀφέλλω]]. -- Besides [[ὄφελος]] n. [[augmentation]], [[use]], [[advantage]], [[gain]] (Il.); very often as 2. member w. comp. length. e.g. <b class="b3">ἀν-ωφελής</b> [[useless]] (IA.); second. simplex [[ὀφελής]] (pap. IIp); <b class="b3">Οφελέσ-της</b> m. PN (Il.); cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 211 ( Illyr. combination in Mayer Spr. d. alten Illyr. 1, 248; 2, 23, to be rejected); <b class="b3">Όφέλ-ανδρος</b> m. (VIa) after <b class="b3">Ἀλέξ-ανδρος</b>?, Sommer Nominalkomp. 198 A. 1. Denomin. (with <b class="b3">ὠ-</b> from the compp.) <b class="b3">ὠφελ-έω</b> [[to be of use]], [[to help]], [[to support]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">-ίη</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b>, second. <b class="b3">-εια</b> f. [[use]], [[help]] (IA), <b class="b3">-ημα</b> n. (trag.), <b class="b3">-ησις</b> f. (S.) [[benefit]], [[use]], <b class="b3">-ήσιμος</b> [[useful]] (S., Ar.); much more usual <b class="b3">ὠφέλ-ιμος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Att.), prob. from <b class="b3">ὠφελ-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> (Arbenz 36f.). More in Leumann Hom. Wörter 120 ff. with attempt, to explain the lengthening of the initial. -- Diff. on [[ὠφελέω]] (iter.-intens. to [[ὀφέλλω]]) Schwyzer 720.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [772] <b class="b2">*h₃bʰel-</b> [[increase]], [[augment]]<br />Etymology: To the primary yot-present [[ὀφέλλω]] < <b class="b3">*ὀφελ-ι̯ω</b>, beside which with Aeol. development of the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aor. [[ὀφέλλειεν]] (< <b class="b3">*ὀφελ-σ-</b>), belongs as verbal noun the widespread and old [[ὄφελος]], which can be identified directly with Arm. <b class="b2">*awel</b> in [[awel-i]] [[more]] and the denom. [[y-awel-um]] [[add]], [[augment]], in <b class="b2">aṙ-awel</b> [[more]] and <b class="b2">aṙ-awel-um</b> [[augment]]: dron IE <b class="b2">*obhel-</b> (Pedersen KZ 39, 336). -- To be rejected Brugmann IF 29, 410ff. (w. lit.): to Skt. <b class="b2">phála-m</b> n. [[fruit]] (s. Mayrhofer s.v.); on furher wrong combinations WP. 2, 102f., W.-Hofmann s. [[polleō]] w. lit.<br />3.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[to sweep]], [[to broom]] (Hippon. 51).<br />Derivatives: [[ὄφελμα]] n. [[broom]] (ibid., Eust.), <b class="b3">ὀφέλμασι σαρώμασιν</b> H., <b class="b3">ὄφελτρον κάλλυντρον</b> H., from which [[ὀφελτρεύω]] (Lyc. 1165).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [772] <b class="b2">*h₃bʰel-</b> [[sweep]]<br />Etymology: With Arm. [[awelum]] [[sweep]] identical except for the formation (Pedersen KZ 39, 336); cf. on 2. [[ὀφέλλω]].

|ftr='''ὀφέλλω''': 1.<br />{ophéllō}<br />'''Meaning''': [[schuldig sein]]<br />'''See also''': s. [[ὀφείλω]].<br />'''Page''' 2,451<br />2.<br />{ophéllō}<br />'''Forms''': Aor. Opt. ὀφέλλειεν (Π 651, β 334), woneben die zweideutigen ὀφέλλωσιν (Α 510), ὄφελλε(ν) (Β 420, Theok. 25, 120), ὤφελλε (π 174),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': [[mehren]], [[vermehren]], [[vergrößern]], [[fördern]] (ep., auch Pi., A., Theok.).<br />'''Composita''' : auch m. ἐξ- (ο 18),<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[ὄφελμα]] n. (S.''Fr''. 1079), -μός m. (Inschr. Lydien) [[Vermehrung]], [[Vorteil]], -σιμος [[förderlich]], [[nützlich]] (Kall., Orph., Opp.; nach [[χρή]]-, [[ὀνήσιμος]], Arbenz 37); auch [[ὀφέλλιμος]] ib. (Max.) mit dir. Beziehung auf [[ὀφέλλω]]. — Daneben [[ὄφελος]] n. [[Förderung]], [[Nutzen]], [[Vorteil]], [[Gewinn]] (seit Il.); sehr oft als Hinterglied m. komp. Dehnung, z.B. [[ἀνωφελής]] [[nutzlos]] (ion. att.); sekund. Simplex [[ὀφελής]] (Pap. II^p); Οφελέστης m. PN (Il.); vgl. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 211 (abzulehnende illyr. Kombination bei Mayer Spr. d. alten Illyr. 1, 248; 2, 23); Ὀφέλανδρος m.(VI^a) nach [[Ἀλέξανδρος]]?, Sommer Nominalkomp. 198 A. 1. Denominativum (mit ὠ- aus den Kompp.) [[ὠφελέω]] [[nützen]], [[halfen]], [[unterstützen]] (ion. att.) mit -ίη, -ία, sekund. -εια f. [[Nutzen]], [[Hilfe]] (ion. att.), -ημα n. (Trag. u.a.), -ησις f. (S.) [[Wohltat]], [[Nutzen]], -ήσιμος [[nützlich]] (S., Ar.); weit gewöhnlicher [[ὠφέλιμος]] ib. (att.), wohl von [[ὠφελέω]], -ία (Arbenz 36f.). Näheres bei Leumann Hom. Wörter 120 ff. mit Versuch, die Anlautdehnung weiter zu begründen. — Anders über [[ὠφελέω]] (Iter.-Intens. zu [[ὀφέλλω]]) Schwyzer 720.<br />'''Etymology''' : Zum primären Jotpräsens [[ὀφέλλω]] aus *ὀφελι̯ω, woneben mit äol. Lautentwicklung der σ-Aor. ὀφέλλειεν (aus *ὀφελσ-), gehört als Verbalnomen das weitverbreitete und alte [[ὄφελος]], das sich mit arm. *''awel'' in ''awel''-''i'' [[mehr]] und dem Denom. ''y''-''awel''-''um'' [[hinzufügen]], [[vermehren]], in ''aṙ''-''awel'' [[mehr]] und ''aṙ''-''awel''-''um'' [[vermehren]] direkt identifizieren läßt : "idg." *''obhel''- (Pedersen KZ 39, 336). —Abzulehnen Brugmann IF 29, 410ff. (m.Lit.): zu aind. ''phála''-''m'' n. [[Frucht]] (s. Mayrhofer s.v.); über weitere verfehlte Kombinationen WP. 2, 102f., W.-Hofmann s. ''polleō'' m. Lit.<br />'''Page''' 2,451-452<br />3.<br />{ophéllō}<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': [[fegen]], [[kehren]] (Hippon. 51)<br />'''Derivative''': mit [[ὄφελμα]] n. [[Besen]] (ibid., Eust.), ὀφέλμασι· σαρώμασιν H., [[ὄφελτρον]]· [[κάλλυντρον]] H., wovon [[ὀφελτρεύω]] (Lyk. 1165).<br />'''Etymology''' : Mit arm. ''awelum'' [[fegen]] bis auf die Bildung identisch (Pedersen KZ 39,336); vgl. zu 2. [[ὀφέλλω]].<br />'''Page''' 2,452