ἀρετή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[goodness]], [[excellence]], of any kind, in Hom. especially of [[manly]] qualities, ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνων Il.20.411; ἀμείνων παντοίας ἀρετὰς ἠμὲν πόδας ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι καὶ νόον 15.642; so of the gods, τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τε 9.498; also of women, Od.2.206; <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς εἵνεκα</b> for [[valour]], Hdt.8.92: pl., <b class="b3">ἀ. ἀπεδείκνυντο</b> displayed [[brave]] [[deed]]s, Id.1.176, 9.40.<br><span class="bld">b</span> later, of the gods, chiefly in plural, [[glorious]] [[deed]]s, [[wonder]]s, [[miracle]]s, ''SIG''1172, Str.17.1.17; ζῶσαι ἀ. ''IG''14.966, cf. ''1 Ep.Pet.''2.9: also in sg., ὄψιν ἰδοῦσα ἀρετὴν τῆς θεοῦ ''IG''2.1426b, cf. Isyll. 62, ''BSA''21.169,180.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[excellence]], ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τις Arist. ''Metaph.''1021b20, cf.''EN''1106a15, etc.; of persons, ἄνδρα πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόντα Pi.''O.''7.89, cf. ''P.''4.187, B.9.13, etc.; τὸ φρονεῖν ἀ. μεγίστη Heraclit. 112: in plural, [[forms of excellence]], μυρίαι ἀνδρῶν ἀ. B.13.8, cf. Gorg. ''Fr.''8, etc.; δικαστοῦ αὕτη ἀ. Pl.''Ap.''18a; esp. [[moral virtue]], Democr. 179, 263, al., Gorg.''Fr.''6; opp. [[κακία]], X.''Mem.''2.1.21, cf.Pl.''R.''500d, ''Lg.'' 963a, 963c sq., D.60.17, Arist.''EN''1102a6, ''Pol.''1295a37, etc.; [[good nature]], [[kindness]], etc., E.''Fr.''163.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of animals, things, as land, Hdt.4.198, 7.5, Th.1.2; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη γῆ</b> [[productive]] [[land]], ''PTeb.''5.165 (ii B. C.); ἵππου Hdt.3.88; κυνῶν, ἵππων, Pl.''R.''335b; [[σκεύος|σκεύους]] ib.601d; (ἀστακοῦ) Archestr.''Fr.''24; ἀ. βίου Pl.''R.''618c; πολιτείας ''Lg.''886b, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[prosperity]], Od.13.45.<br><span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">ἀρετὴ εἴς τινα</b> [[active merit]], [[good service]] done him, ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας Th.3.58, cf. 2.40; ἀ. περί τινα X. ''An.''1.4.8; ἀνταποδοῦναι ἀ. Th.4.19; ἀρετὰς παρασχέσθαι ὑπέρ τινος D.19.312; <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα</b>, freq. in honorary Inscrr., ''IG''22.107.14, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[reward]] of [[excellence]], [[distinction]], [[fame]], πλούτῳ δ' ἀρετὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖ Hes.''Op.''313, cf. Sapph.80, Pi.''N.''5.53, al.; [[ἀθάνατος]] ἀρετή S.''Ph.''1420, Pl.''Smp.''208d; ἃ ἆθλα τοῦ πολέμου τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐστίν, ἐλευθερία καὶ ἀ. Lycurg.49; of God, [[δόξα]] καὶ ἀρετή ''2 Ep.Pet.''1.3: in plural, [[glory|glories]], Thgn.30, Pi.''N.''10.2, al.; [[πλοῦτος]] ἀρεταῖς δεδαιδαλμένος Id.''O.'' 2.53; γενναίων δ' ἀρεταὶ πόνων E.''HF''357 (lyr.), cf. Lys.2.26; προγόνων ἀρετή Pl.''R.''618b; in [[LXX]] freq. of the [[praise]]s of God, Is.42.8, al.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[Ἀρετή]] personified, Prodic.1, Arist.''Fr.''675, Callix.2, ''CIG''2786, ''SIG'' 985.10, etc.<br><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">ἡ ἀρετή σου</b> as a title, [[Your worship]], PLips.13 ii 20, etc.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> an [[engine of war]], Ath.Mech.38.11.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> a [[plaster]], Androm. ap. Gal.13.531.