ἔπειτα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. and Dor. ἔπειτε(ν) ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), Adv., ([[ἐπί]], [[εἶτα]]):<br><span class="bld">I</span> of mere Sequence, without any notion of cause, [[thereupon]], [[thereafter]], [[then]], freq. from Hom. downwds., as Il.1.48, 2.169, etc.: when in strong opposition to the former act or state, with past tenses, [[thereafter]], [[afterwards]]; with future, [[hereafter]], ἢ πέφατ' ἢ καὶ ἔ. πεφήσεται Il.15.140; opp. <b class="b3">αὐτίκα νῦν</b>, 23.551; <b class="b3">ὃς δ' ἔπειτ' ἔφυ</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὅστις πάροιθεν ἦν</b>, A.''Ag.''171 (lyr.): in Hom.freq. with other Advs., αὐτίκ' ἔ. Il.5.214; <b class="b3">αἶψα, ὦκα ἔ.</b>, 24.783, 18.527; even ἔνθα.. ἔ. Od.10.297; δὴ ἔ. 8.378: usually with reference to a former act, [[just then]], [[at the time]], 1.106; freq. in narrative, πρῶτα μὲν... αὐτὰρ ἔ. Il.16.497; <b class="b3">πρῶτον μέν.</b>., followed by <b class="b3">ἔ. δέ.</b>., Th.2.55, Pl.''Ap.''18a, etc.; by [[ἔ]]. alone, Th.1.33, etc.; by <b class="b3">ἔ. δέ.. ἔ. δέ.. ἔ..</b>., [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.3.14; <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ δέ.. ἔ… ἔ… ἔ. δέ</b>, ib.8.3.24, al.; πρὶν μέν... ἔ. δέ.. S.''El.''724; ἔ. γε Pl.''Tht.''147c, etc., [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Ar.''Th.'' 556; [[κἄπειτα]], freq. in Trag., [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''61, 305, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. Art., <b class="b3">τὸ ἔ.</b> [[what follows]], τό τ' ἔ. καὶ τὸ μέλλον καὶ τὸ πρίν Id.''Ant.''611 (lyr.); τά τε πρῶτα, τά τ' ἔ., ὅσα τ' ἔμελλε τυχεῖν E.''IT''1265 (lyr.); οἱ ἔ. [[future generations]], A.''Eu.''672; ὁ ἔ. βίος [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 116a; εἰς τὸν ἔ. χρόνον Id.''Phlb.''39e, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.5.9, ''OGI''90.43 (Rosetta, ii B.C.); ἡ ἐς τὸ ἔ. δόξα Th.2.64; ἐν τῷ ἔ. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 67d; ἐκ τοῦ ποτὲ εἰς τὸ ἔ. Id.''Prm.'' 152b.<br><span class="bld">3</span> like [[εἶτα]], with a finite Verb after a participle, <b class="b3">μειδήσασα δ' ἔ. ἑῷ ἐγκάτθετο κόλπῳ</b> she smiled and [[then]] placed it in her bosom, Il.14.223, cf. 11.730, etc.: freq. in Trag. and Att., A.''Th.''267, ''Eu.''29, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 82c: so freq. when part. and Verb are opposed, marking surprise or the like, [[and then]], [[and yet]], [[nevertheless]], τὸ μητρὸς αἷμα.. ἐκχέας πέδοι ἔ. δώματ' οἰκήσει πατρός; A.''Eu.''654, cf. 438; χὤταν ἐν κακοῖσί τις ἁλοὺς ἔ. τοῦτο καλλύνειν θέλῃ S.''Ant.''496; ὅστις ἀνθρώπου φύσιν βλαστὼν ἔ. μὴ κατ' ἄνθρωπον φρονῇ Id.''Aj.''761; εἰ πτωχὸς ὢν ἔπειτ' ἐν Ἀθηναίοις λέγειν μέλλω [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''498, cf. ''Av.''29, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 519e, ''Prt.''319d: adversatively, answering μέν, πολλάκις μὲν ὥρμα... ἔ… διεκωλύετο Id.''R.''336b; ἔτι μὲν ἐνεχείρησα... ἔ… Id.''Prt.''310c, etc.; also [[κἄπειτα]] after a part., Ar.''Nu.''624, ''Av.''536; cf. [[εἶτα]] 1.2.<br><span class="bld">4</span> in apodosi (never at the beginning of the clause; in Hom. freq. strengthened by other Particles):<br><span class="bld">a</span> after a Temporal Conj., [[then]], [[thereafter]], <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ δὴ σφαίρῃ πειρήσαντο, ὀρχείσθην δὴ ἔ.</b> when they had done playing at ball, [[then]] they danced, Od.8.378; after [[ἐπεί]], Il.16.247; ἐπὴν.. δὴ ἔ. Od.11.121; [[ὁπότε]], Il.18.545; [[ὅτε]], 3.223; ὡς.. ἄρ' ἔ. 10.522; ἦμος.. καὶ τότ' ἔ. 1.478.<br><span class="bld">b</span> after a Conditional Conj., [[then surely]], <b class="b3">εἰ δ' ἐτεὸν δὴ.. ἀγορεύεις, ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔ. θεοὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν</b> if thou speakest sooth, [[then of a surety]] have the gods infatuated thee, 7.360, cf. 10.453, Od.1.290, etc.; so after [[ἤν]], Il.9.394; also when the apodosis takes the form of a question, <b class="b3">εἰ μὲν δὴ ἕταρόν γε κελεύετέ μ' αὐτὸν ἑλέσθαι, πῶς ἂν ἔ. Ὀδυσῆος λαθοίμην</b>; how can I in such a case? 10.243; when a condition is implied in relat. Pron., [[ὃν]](= [[εἴ τινα]]) μέν κ' ἐπιεικὲς ἀκουέμεν, οὔ τις ἔ. τόν γ' εἴσεται 1.547; [[ὃν]](= [[εἴ τινα]]) δέ κ' ἐγὼν ἀπάνευθε μάχης ἐθέλοντα νοήσω μιμνάζειν, οὔ οἱ ἔ. ἄρκιον ἐσσεῖται 2.392.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of Sequence in thought, i.e. Consequence or Inference, [[then]], [[therefore]], ξεῖν', ἐπεὶ ἂρ δὴ ἔ… μενεαίνεις Od.17.185, cf. Il.15.49, 18.357; οὐ σύ γ' ἔ. Τυδέος ἔκγονός ἐσσι 5.812; rarely at the beginning, ἔπειθ' ἑλοῦ γε θάτερα S.''El.''345.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in telling a story, <b class="b3">νῆσος ἔ. τις ἔστι</b> [[now]], there is an island, Od.4.354, cf. 9.116.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in Att. freq. to introduce emphatic questions, why then.. ? ἔ. τοῦ δέει; Ar.''Pl.''827, cf. ''Th.''188, ''Nu.''226; mostly to express surprise, or to sneer, and so forsooth..? and so really..? <b class="b3">ἔ. οὐκ οἴει φροντίζειν [τοὺς θεοὺς τῶν ἀνθρώπων]</b>; [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.4.11; so κἄπειτα E. ''Med.''1398 (anap.), [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''126, ''Av.''963, X.''Smp.''4.2; freq. with [[δῆτα]] added, ἔ. δῆτα δοῦλος ὢν κόμην ἔχεις; Ar.''Av.''911, cf. 1217, ''Lys.''985, E.''Alc.''822.