γάμος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[wedding]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.4.29</span>, al.; γάμοι εἰλαπίναι τε <span class="bibl">18.491</span>; <b class="b3">γάμον τεύχειν</b> [[furnish]] forth a [[wedding]], <span class="bibl">Od. 1.277</span>; γ. δαινύναι <span class="bibl">4.3</span>; [[ἀρτύειν]] ib.<span class="bibl">770</span>; γάμον ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Herod.7.86</span>, <span class="title">Test.Epict.</span>2.19: pl., γάμους διττοὺς [[ἑστιᾶν]] <span class="bibl">Is.8.9</span>; of a single wedding, οἰκοσίτους τοὺς γ. [[ποιεῖσθαι]] <span class="bibl">Men.450</span>; γάμους [[ποιεῖν]] <span class="bibl">D.30.21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>22.2</span>; ἐπιτελεῖν γ. τῆς θυγατρός <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Fr.</span>549</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.S.13.84</span>; οἱ κεκλημένοι εἰς τοὺς γ. <span class="bibl">Diph. 17.2</span>; ἐν τοῖς γ. [[ἄκλητος]] εἰσδεδυκέναι <span class="bibl">Apollod.Car.24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[marriage]], [[wedlock]], <span class="bibl">Il.13.382</span>, etc.; ἄγειν [γυναῖκα] ἐπὶ γάμῳ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.8</span>; ἀγαγέσθαι τινὰ πρὸς γάμον <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Ma.</span>24</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν Οἰνέως γ</b>. the [[marriage]] granted by O., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>792</span>; γ. θεῶν τινος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>979</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>25</span>; εἰς γ. τινὸς ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>1044</span> (lyr.); more freq. in plural, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>558</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">739</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1156</span> (lyr.), etc.; cf. [[γαμέω]] ''1'': also <b class="b3">τοῖς μεθημερινοῖς γάμοις</b>, i.e. [[prostitution]], <span class="bibl">D.18.129</span>; <b class="b3">Πανὸς ἀναβοᾷ γάμους</b>, i.e. [[rape]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>190</span> (lyr.); of [[unlawful wedlock]], as of Paris and Helen, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 932</span>; γάμοι ἄρρενες Luc.<span class="title">VH</span>1.22; γ. ἀνδρεῖοι <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Arc.</span>16.23</span>:—<span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Andr.</span>103</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.4.19</span>, do not establish the sense of a [[wife]]; for <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>357</span>, v. [[γαμέω]] <span class="bibl">1.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> ἱερὸς γάμος = [[ritual]] [[marriage]], <span class="bibl">Men.320</span>, Hsch., <span class="title">EM</span>468.56; as a nickname, <span class="bibl">Anaxandr.34.2</span>; name of play by Ale.Com. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> Pythag. name for [[three]], Theol.Ar.16; for [[five]], Plu.2.388c; for [[six]], Theo Sm.p.102H., <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>33. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[Γάμος]] personified, <span class="bibl">Philox.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>5.27</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> name of [[month]] at [[Epidaurus]], <span class="title">IG</span>4.1485,1492. (Perh. akin to Skt. jāmís '[[brother]] or [[sister]]', Lat. [[geminus]].) </span>

|dgtxt=-ου, ὁ <br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [-ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [ép. gen. -οιο <i>Il</i>.5.429]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b> [[matrimonio]] ὄφρ' ... [[συνώμεθα]] ... ἀμφὶ γάμῳ = <i>para que concertemos el matrimonio</i>, <i>Il</i>.13.382, ἐν τοῖς γάμοις [[τοίνυν]] καὶ παιδοποιίαις Pl.<i>R</i>.459d, [[ἦγε]] δὲ καὶ τὴν θυγατέρα ... ἐπὶ γάμῳ X.<i>An</i>.2.4.8, αὐτὸς ἀπεχέσθω γάμου Men.<i>Fr</i>.576, cf. Plu.<i>Cat.Ma</i>.24, Ach.Tat.1.3.2, θυγατέραν ... ἐκδέδωκα ἀνδρὶ ... πρὸς γάμον <i>POxy</i>.3770.4 (IV d.C.), en plu. mismo sent. καὶ γάμων ὥραν ἔχουσα Plu.2.27b<br /><b class="num">•</b> gener. ref. al [[matrimonio]] como institución [[ὅτι]] γάμους ... ποιήσομεν ἱερούς (ref. tb. al ἱερὸς [[γάμος]] ritual, cf. II 2) Pl.<i>R</i>.458e, cf. Ar.<i>Th</i>.976, [[τίμιος]] ὁ γ. ἐν πᾶσιν <i>Ep.Hebr</i>.13.4, cf. Plu.<i>Lyc</i>.15, Ign.<i>Pol</i>.5.2, Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.2.23.137, γ. [[νομικός]] Vett.Val.1.17, ἄγραφοι γάμοι = <i>matrimonios por contrato verbal</i>, <i>Stud.Pal</i>.20.4.30 (II d.C.), [[ἔγγραφος]] γ. = <i>matrimonio por documento escrito</i>, <i>POxy</i>.287.7.13 (II d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b> personif. Γάμε [[θεῶν]] λαμπρότατε Philox.Cyth.15, cf. Lib.<i>Or</i>.5.27.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[unión amorosa]] σύ ([[Ἀφροδίτη]]) γ' ἱμερόεντα μετέρχεο ἔργα γάμοιο <i>Il</i>.5.429, [[τόν]] [[ποτέ]] οἱ ἐν γάμῳ δῶκε [[δόλιος]] Ἀφροδίτα B.17.116, frec. en plu. νικᾷ [[Κύπρις]] θεάς, καὶ τοσόνδ' οὑμοὶ γάμοι ὤνησαν Ἑλλάδ' habla Helena, E.<i>Tr</i>.932, Πανὸς ἀναβοᾷ γάμους E.<i>Hel</i>.190, cf. Ar.<i>Ra</i>.850<br /><b class="num">•</b> del mero [[acto sexual]] ref. a una prostituta μεθημερινοῖς γάμοις ... χρωμένη D.18.129, [[χρεμέτισμα]] γάμου προκέλευθον <i>AP</i> 5.245 (Macedon.), cf. Poll.3.44, γάμοις γὰρ τοῖς ἄρρεσι χρῶνται = <i>se relacionan sexualmente con hombres</i> los selenitas, Luc.<i>VH</i> 1.22, γάμοι ἀνδρεῖοι = <i>relaciones homosexuales entre hombres</i> Procop.<i>Arc</i>.16.23<br /><b class="num">•</b> de anim. [[apareamiento]] Pl.<i>R</i>.459a, D.P.<i>Au</i>.1.24.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en uso meton. [[esposa]] Ἰλίῳ αἰπεινᾷ [[Πάρις]] οὐ γάμον [[ἀλλά]] τιν' ἄταν ἀγάγετ' εὐναίαν εἰς θαλάμους Ἑλέναν E.<i>Andr</i>.103, cf. <i>Hec</i>.948, τὴν εὐγένειαν, κἂν [[ἄμορφος]] ᾖ [[γάμος]], τιμῶσι πολλοί E.<i>Fr</i>.405.1<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[amante]] ὡς προσεῖδε τοὺς [[ἔνδον]] γάμους = <i>cuando vio a la amante en casa (a Yola)</i>, S.<i>Tr</i>.1139.<br /><b class="num">4</b> fig. en lit. crist. de la [[unión íntima]] de Cristo con la Iglesia, [[desposorio]], [[matrimonio místico]] Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.3.12.84, <i>Paed</i>.2.8.71, o de Cristo con el alma individual, Mac.Aeg.<i>Hom</i>.47.17, Gr.Nyss.<i>Virg</i>.311.23.<br /><b class="num">II</b> ref. a la celebración del matrimonio<br /><b class="num">1</b> sg. o plu. [[boda]], [[fiesta de la boda]] οἱ δὲ γάμον τεύξουσι = <i>y ellos prepararán la fiesta de bodas</i>, <i>Od</i>.1.277, τὸν δ' [[εὗρον]] δαινύντα γάμον <i>Od</i>.4.3, ἐν τῇ [[μέν]] ῥα γάμοι τ' [[ἔσαν]] en el escudo de Aquiles <i>Il</i>.18.491, κλείοισα [[θεῶν]] τε γάμους Stesich.33.2, ὑμεναίουν ἰότατι γάμων A.<i>Pr</i>.559, Πηλέως ἐς γάμον [[ἦλθον]] E.<i>IA</i> 1044, ὁ δὲ [[γάμος]] ἐγίγνετο τόνδε τὸν τρόπον Arist.<i>Fr</i>.549, Ἀρσινόης ... γάμον καταβάλλομ' ἀείδειν Call.<i>Fr</i>.392, τοὺς ἐν τοῖς γάμοις διακονοῦντας Men.<i>Fr</i>.238, γάμους συνετέλεσεν [[ἑαυτοῦ]] Chares 4, cf. Arist.<i>Fr</i>.549, D.S.13.84, <i>BGU</i> 892.10 (II d.C.), γάμους ... διττοὺς ... εἱστίασεν = <i>celebró dos veces la boda</i>, e.e., casó en segundas nupcias</i> Is.8.9, cf. <i>PMasp</i>.28.3 (VI d.C.), ποιεῖν τὸν γάμον = <i>celebrar la boda</i> D.30.21, τοὺς γάμους Ach.Tat.1.3.3, <i>Eu.Matt</i>.22.2, X.Eph.2.7.1, οἰκοσίτους τοὺς γάμους πεποιηκέναι = <i>celebrar la boda en familia</i> Men.<i>Fr</i>.384, cf. [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.29.22, Herod.7.86, <i>IG</i> 12(3).330B.51 (Tera III a.C.), tb. ποιήσασθαι τοὺς γάμους Chares 5, [[ἔνδυμα]] γάμου = <i>traje de boda</i>, <i>Eu.Matt</i>.22.12, ὁ μὲν γ. ἕτοιμός ἐστιν <i>Eu.Matt</i>.22.8, cf. Aen.Tact.10.5, Poll.3.38<br /><b class="num">•</b> esp. [[ritos y ceremonias de las bodas]] πάντα γέγονε· λουτρά, προτέλει', οἱ γάμοι Men.<i>Sam</i>.713, [[πότε]] [[σου]] θύσω τοὺς γάμους; Ach.Tat.1.13.5, cf. anón. en <i>POxy</i>.3829.14, App.<i>Syr</i>.4.17, Plu.<i>Pomp</i>.55, Hsch.γ 133<br /><b class="num">•</b> γάμοι· ἡ πρώτη [[ἡμέρα]] τῶν γάμων Hsch.<br /><b class="num">•</b> ὁ Γ. [[la Boda]] tít. de comedias de Sófilo, D.L.2.120, de Antífanes, Ath.169d, de Dífilo, Ath.254e, de Filemón, Poll.10.176<br /><b class="num">•</b> περὶ Γάμου tít. de una obra de Antípatro, Stob.4.22.25.<br /><b class="num">2</b> ἱερὸς γ. [[boda sagrada]] de la unión ritual de Hera y Zeus, fiesta ateniense, Men.<i>Fr</i>.265, Hsch.ι 322, <i>EM</i> 468.56G., como mote cóm. ἂν μὲν γὰρ ᾖ [[τις]] [[εὐπρεπής]], ἱερὸν γάμον καλεῖτε Anaxandr.35.2, Ἱερὸς γ. tít. de una comedia de Alceo Cómico, Ath.408e, 424e, Phot.s.u. πῶλοι.<br /><b class="num">III</b> n. que los pitagóricos daban a los números [[tres]], <i>Theol.Ar</i>.16<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[cinco]] Plu.2.388c<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[seis]] Plu.2.1018c, Theo Sm.102, Aristid.Quint.102.12, <i>Theol.Ar</i>.33, Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.5.14.93.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Deriv. inverso de [[γαμέω]] q.u. o quizá al revés.