μῶνυξ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ῠχος, ὁ, ἡ, τό, [[with a single]], i.e. [[uncloven]], [[hoof]], [[epithet]] of the horse, freq. in <span class="bibl">Il., 5.236</span>, al.; once in <span class="bibl">Od., 15.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sol.23</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 793</span> (lyr., dub.l.), <span class="title">Stud.Pont.</span>3.16 (ii/i B.C.); also μ. ὕες <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span> 499b13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μ. [τῶν ζῴων</b>] <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>8</span>; τετραπόδων ὅσα μ. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span> 4.7</span>; [γένει] τῷ καλουμένῳ μώνυχι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>265d</span>. (From [[sm]]- (weak form of [[sem]]-, cf. [[εἷς]]) and [[ὄνυξ]] ([[ὄ]]- lengthd. in composition).)

|etymtx=-υχος<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[with one hoof]], mostly plur. of horses as opposed to cattle and sheep with split hooves (Hom., Hdt., Arist.); on the stemformation Sommer Nominalkomp. 96 ff.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [902] <b class="b2">*sm̥-h₃nugʰ-</b><br />Etymology: Acc. to the ancients from <b class="b3">*μονϜ(ο)-ονυξ</b> wit syllable-dissimilation and ev. lengthening in compounds (cf. <b class="b3">μον-όφθαλ-μος</b> [[one-eyed]] etc.), which is defended by Runes Glotta 19, 286 f. Since de Saussure Rec. 266 however generally derived from <b class="b3">*σμ-ῶνυξ</b> with old zero grade of IE <b class="b2">*sem-</b> in <b class="b2">eĩs</b> [[one]] (s.v.). If right, [[μῶνυξ]] must be quite old and like <b class="b3">μ-ία</b> (= Arm. [[mi]]) go back to pre-Greek times, "was nicht besonders wahrscheinlich ist" (Frisk). For <b class="b3">μόν(Ϝ)ος</b> one would have expected <b class="b3">οἶ(Ϝ)ος</b> (Schwyzer 433 n.3). For <b class="b3">*σμ-ῶνυξ</b> a.o. Wackernagel KZ 28, 137 (= Kl. Schr. 1, 619), Bechtel Lex. 230, Brugmann4 198, Risch $ 81, Lejeune Traité de phon. 102, Schwyzer 588 w. n. 3. The reconstructed form must be <b class="b2">*sm̥-h₃nugh-</b> > <b class="b3">μω-νυχ-</b>; Beekes, Orbis 20(1971)138 - 142.