καθαρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ά, όν, Dor. [[κοθαρός]] ''Tab.Heracl.''1.103, Orph.''Fr.''32c.''1'', Aeol. [[κόθαρος]] Alc.''Supp.''7.3; cf. [[ἀνακαθαίρω]], [[κάθαρσις]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[physically]] [[clean]], [[spotless]] (not in Il.), εἵματα Od.6.61, Archil.12, cf. E.''Cyc.''35,562, etc.; of persons, [[cleanly]], κ. περὶ ἐσθῆτα Arist.''VV''1250b28, cf.''Rh.''1416a23 ([[nisi legendum|nisi leg.]] [[καθάριος]]).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[clear of admixture]], [[clear]], [[pure]], especially of [[water]], [[Βορυσθένης]] ῥέει καθαρὸς παρὰ θολεροῖσι Hdt.4.53; κ. ὕδατα E. ''Hipp.''209 (anap.); [[ὕδωρ]] κ. ζῶν [[LXX]] ''Nu.''5.17; δρόσοι E.''Ion''96 (anap.); κ. καὶ διαφανῆ ὑδάτια Pl.''Phdr.''229b; [[οὖρον]] Hp.''Epid.''1.3; διαχώρημα Id.''Coac.''640; καθαρόν [[φάος]], καθαρόν [[φέγγος]], Pi.''P.''6.14, 9.90; πνεῦμα κ. οὐρανοῦ E.''Hel.''867; καθαρός [[ἄρτος]] Hdt.2.40; of [[white]] [[bread]], Wilcken ''Chr.''30i17 (iii/ii B.C.), [[LXX]] ''Ju.''10.5, Gal.6.482, 19.137; [[ἄλευρον]] καθαρόν Diocl.Fr.139; [[χρυσίον]], [[ἀργύριον]] [[καθαρώτατον]], Hdt.4.166, cf. Theoc.15.36, Ph.1.190, etc.; σῖτος X.''Oec.''18.8; σῖτος κ. ἀπὸ πάντων ''PHib.''1.84 (a).6 (iv/iii B.C.): freq. of [[grain]], [[winnow]]ed, πυρὸς κ. [[ἄδολος]] ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''1124.11 (i A.D.), cf. ''PTeb.''93.36 (ii B.C.), etc.; of metals, etc., σίδηρος ''Sammelb.''4481.13 (v A.D.), etc.; [[ἄρωμα|ἀρωμάτων]], καθαρῶν, [[λάχανον|λαχάνων]], dub. sens. in ''PLond.''2.429.6 (iv A.D.); ἄκρατος καὶ κ. [[νοῦς]] [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.7.30; χρόαι Arist.''Sens.''440a5; φωναί Id.''Aud.''801b28; of feelings, [[unmixed]], [[μῖσος]] τῆς ἀλλοτρίας φύσεως Pl.''Mx.''245d, cf. Thgn.89; [[serene]], φρήν E.''Hipp.''1120 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[clear of objects]], [[free]], [[ἐν καθαρῷ]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἐν καθαρῷ τόπῳ]]) = [[in an open space]], ἐν κ., ὅθι δὴ νεκύων διεφαίνετο χῶρος Il.8.491; ἐν κ., ὅθι κύματ' ἐπ' ἠϊόνος κλύζεσκον 23.61, cf. Ph.2.535 (Sup.); <b class="b3">πάξαις Ἄλτιν ἐν κ.</b> in a [[clearing]], Pi.''O.''10 (''ΙΙ'').45; <b class="b3">ἐν κ. βῆναι</b> to [[leave]] the [[way]] [[clear]], S.''OC''1575 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ κ. οἰκεῖν</b> live in the [[clear]] [[sunshine]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 520d; <b class="b3">διὰ καθαροῦ ῥέειν</b>, of a [[river]] whose course is [[clear]] and [[open]], Hdt.1.202: with Subst., <b class="b3">κελεύθῳ ἐν καθαρῷ</b>.Pi.''O.''6.23; [[χῶρος]] καθαρός Hdt.1.132; ἐν καθαρῷ λειμῶνι Theoc.26.5; <b class="b3">ἐν ἡλίῳ καθαρῷ</b> in the [[open]] [[sun]], opp. [[σκιά]], Pl.''Phdr.''239c; <b class="b3">ὥς σφι τὸ ἐμποδὼν ἐγεγόνεε κ.</b> was [[clear]]ed [[away]], Hdt.7.183; κ. ποιεῖσθαι τὰς [[ἀρκυστασία|ἀρκυστασίας]] = [[set up]] the [[net]]s in [[open]] [[ground]], X.''Cyn.''6.6; freq. of land, [[free]] from [[weed]]s, etc., <b class="b3">παραδώσω τὸν κλῆρον κ. ἀπὸ θρύου καλάμου ἀγρώστεως κτλ</b>. ''PTeb.''105.59 (ii B.C.); παραδώσω τὰς ἀρούρας κ. ὡς ἔλαβον ''BGU''1018.25(iii A.D.): c. gen., <b class="b3">γλῶσσα καθαρὴ τῶν σημηΐων</b> [[clear]] of the [[mark]]s, Hdt.2.38; <b class="b3">καθαρὸν τῶν προβόλων</b>, of a [[fort]], Arr.''An.''2.21.7; of [[document]]s, [[free from mistakes]], POxy.1277.13 (iii A.D.); <b class="b3">χειρόγραφον κ. ἀπὸ ἐπιγραφῆς καὶ ἀλείφαδος</b> [[free]] from [[interlineation]] and [[erasure]], ''PLond.''2.178.13 (ii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> metaph., [[free]], [[clear]] of [[debt]], [[liability]], etc., κ. ἀπὸ δημοσίων καὶ παντὸς εἴδους ''BGU''197.14 (i A.D.); <b class="b3">κ. ἀπό τε ὀφειλῆς καὶ ὑποθήκης καὶ παντὸς διεγγυήματος</b> ib.112.11 (i A.D.); γῆ κ. ἀπὸ γεωργίας βασιλικῆς ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''633 (ii A.D.); <b class="b3">καθαρὰ ποιῆσαι</b> to give a [[discharge]], PAvrom. 1 ''A''22; in moral sense, [[free from pollution]], <b class="b3">καθαρῷ θανάτῳ</b> an [[honourable]] [[death]], Od.22.462; θάνατον οὐ κ., τὸν δι' ἀγχόνης Ph.2.491; ψυχαὶ ἀρηΐφατοι καθαρώτεραι ἢ ἐνὶ νούσοις Heraclit.136; freq. [[free from guilt]] or [[free from defilement]], [[pure]], χεῖρες A.''Eu.'' 313 (anap.); καθαρὸς χεῖρας Hdt.1.35, Antipho5.11, And.1.95; κ. παρέχειν τινὰ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα καὶ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''405b; <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἐκ κοθαρῶν κοθαρά</b> Orph''Fr.''32c.1,al.; of [[ceremonial]] [[purity]], <b class="b3">καθαρὰ καὶ ἁγνή εἰμι ἀπό τε τῶν ἄλλων τῶν οὐ καθαρευόντων καὶ ἀπ' ἀνδρὸς συνουσίας</b> Jusj. ap. D.59.78, cf. ''UPZ''78.28 (ii B.C.), [[LXX]] ''Nu.''8.7,al.; ἀπὸ τάφου καὶ ἐκφορᾶς καθαροί ''SIG''982.9 (ii B.C.); especially of persons [[purified]] after [[pollution]], <b class="b3">ἱκέτης προσῆλθες κ.</b> A.''Eu.''474, cf. S.''OC''548, etc.; also of things, [[βωμός|βωμοί]], [[θύμα]]τα, [[δόμος]], [[μέλαθρον|μέλαθρα]], A.''Supp.''654 (lyr.), E. ''IT''1163, 1231 (troch.), 693: c. gen., [[clear of]] or [[from]]…, κ. [[ἔγκλημα|ἐγκλημάτων]] Antipho 2.4.11; [[ἀδικία]]ς, κακῶν, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 496d, ''Cra.''404a; ὁ τῶν κακῶν κ. [[τόπος]] Id.''Tht.''177a; κ. τὰς χεῖρας φόνου Id.''Lg.''864e; Κόρινθον… ἀποδεῖξαι τῶν μιαιφόνων καθαράν X.''HG''4.4.6; κ. εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος πάντων ''Act.Ap.''20.26, cf. D.C.37.24; κ. ἀπὸ ὅρκου [[LXX]] ''Ge.''24.8; [[ceremonial]]ly [[pure]], of [[food]], [[ὄσπριον]] Hdt.2.37; of [[victim]]s, [[LXX]] ''Ge.''7.2,al., ''PGen.''32.9 (ii A.D.), etc.; <b class="b3">κ. ἡμέραι</b>, opp. [[ἀποφράς|ἀποφράδες]], Pl.''Lg.''800d.<br><span class="bld">c</span> in act. sense, [[purifying]], [[cleansing]], λέβης Pi.''O.''1.26; θέειον Theoc. 24.96.<br><span class="bld">4</span> of birth, [[pure]], [[genuine]], [[σπέρμα]] θεοῦ Pi.''P.''3.15; [[πόλις]] E.''Ion''673; <b class="b3">τῶν Ἀθηναίων ὅπερ ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐξῆλθε</b>, i.e. were [[citizen]]s of [[pure]] [[blood]], Th.5.8; <b class="b3">οἱ τῷ γένει μὴ κ.</b> Arist.''Ath.''13.5; <b class="b3">κ. ἀστοί</b> Sch.[[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''506; [[καθαρόν]] a [[real]], [[genuine]] saying, Ar.''V.''1015; <b class="b3">κ. Τίμων</b> a [[Timon]] [[pure]] and [[simple]], Id.''Av.''1549; κ. [[δοῦλος]] Antiph.9 (glossed by [[ἀπηκριβωμένος]], ''AB''105); <b class="b3">ζημία κ.</b>, of a person, Alciphro 3.21.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of language, [[pure]], [[ὀνόματα]], [[λέξις]], [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''1, 3; διάλεκτος Id.''Dem.''5; so of [[writer]]s, [Λυσίας] κ. τὴν [[ἑρμηνεία]]ν Id.''Lys.''2; [Ξενοφῶν] κ. τοῖς ὀνόμασι Id.''Pomp.''4; also, [[clear]], [[simple]], <b class="b3">σεμνὸς καὶ καθαρός</b> Jul.''Or.''2.77a.<br><span class="bld">b</span> Gramm., [[preceded by a vowel]], [[pure]], D.T. 635.10, 639.5, Hdn.Gr.2.930, al.; containing a '[[pure]]' [[syllable]], ib. 928.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[without blemish]], [[sound]], ὁ κ. [[στρατός]], τὸ κ. τοῦ στρατοῦ, the [[sound]] [[portion]] of the [[army]], Hdt.1.211,4.135; v. supr. 4.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[clear]], [[exact]], <b class="b3">ἂν κ. ὦσιν αἱ ψῆφοι</b> if the [[account]]s are [[exactly]] [[balanced]], D.18.227 (sed cf. [[καθαιρέω]] II.5).<br><span class="bld">II</span> Adv. [[purely]], [[ἁγνῶς]] καὶ [[καθαρῶς]] ''h.Ap.''121, Hes.''Op.''337: Comp. [[καθαρωτέρως]] Porph.''Abst.''2.44.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of [[birth]], κ. γεγονέναι Hdt.1.147; αἱ κ. Ἑλληνίδες Sor.1.112, cf.Luc.''Rh. Pr.''24.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[with clean hands]], [[honestly]], <b class="b3">σὺν δίκῃ… καὶ κ.</b> Thgn.198; [[δικαίως]] καὶ [[καθαρῶς]] D.9.62; κ. τε καὶ [[μετρίως]] τὸν [[βίος|βίον]] [[διεξέρχομαι|διεξελθεῖν]] [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 108c.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[clearly]], [[plainly]], [[λέγειν]] Ar.''V.''631, cf. E.''Rh.''35 (anap.); [[λέξις]] κ. καὶ [[ἀκριβῶς]] ἔχουσα Isoc.5.4; κ. γνῶναι Ar.''V.''1045, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 66e; εἴσεσθαι ibid.; καθαρώτατα ἀποδεῖξαι Id.''Cra.''426b.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of language, [[purely]], [[correctly]], καθαρώτερον [[διαλέγεσθαι]] Plu.2.1116e, cf. Luc.''Im.''15.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[entirely]], Ar.''Av.''591; κ. τις ὢν [[ἀόργητος]] Phld.''Ir.''p.71 W.; κ. ἐς [[ἔφηβος|ἐφήβους]] [[τελεῖν]] D.C.36.25, cf. ''Cod.Just.''1.4.34.9: Sup. [[καθαρώτατα]] = [[in its purest form]], Phld.''Piet.''66.