ὀλίγος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῐ], η, ον, later [[ὀλίος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), of Size,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[little]], [[small]], freq. in Hom., rarer later, opp. [[μέγας]], [[σάκος]] Il.14.376; κῦμα Od.10.94, etc.; <b class="b3">ὀλίγῃ ὀπί</b> with [[small]], [[low]] [[voice]], 14.492; of [[stature]], 9.515; ὀλίγος [[κῶρος]] Theoc.1.47; οὐκ ὀλίγης [[αἷμα]] βοὸς κέχυται Call.''Aet.Oxy.''2080.85; of Space, ὀ. χῶρος Il.10.161, etc.; of [[time]], [[χρόνος]] 19.157,23.418, Pi. ''N.''7.38, etc.; ἐν βραχεῖ κὠλίγῳ χρόνῳ S.''Fr.''646 (cf. IV. 3).<br><span class="bld">2</span> sometimes in a sense between that of Size and Quantity, ὀ. [[δόσις]] Od.6.208; [[οὖρα]] ὀλίγα = not [[copious]], Hp.''Epid.''1.2; <b class="b3">ὑποστάσιες ὀλίγαι</b> [[slight]] [[sediment]]s, ib.17; <b class="b3">ὀλίγον καὶ οὐδέν</b> [[little]] or [[nothing]], Pl.''Ap.''23a; [[οὐδὲν ἢ ὀλίγον]] [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''651b17.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of Degree, ὀλίγος καὶ [[μέγας]] = of [[low]] and [[high]] [[degree]], Callin.1.17.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[weak]], ἀθυμοτέρη καὶ ὀλιγωτέρη φύσις Hp.''Virg.'' 1.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of Number, [[few]], or of Quantity, [[little]], not in Hom., freq. in Att., Ar.''Av.''1417, ''Eq.''717, etc., but rare in Trag., as ὀλίγα κακά A.''Pers.''330.—The governing body in Oligarchies and the oligarchical party in Democracies was called <b class="b3">οἱ ὀλίγοι</b>, Th.6.38,8.9, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν ὀλίγων δυναστεία, αἱ διὰ τῶν ὀλίγων δυναστεῖαι</b>, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 291d, D.60.25; ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον μέσον [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 303a.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">ὀλίγους.. στρατιῇ τῇ Μήδων συμβαλεῖν</b> [[too few]] to [[engage]]... Hdt.6.109, cf. 7.207; μὴ.. αἱ σφέτεραι δέκα νῆες ὀλίγαι ἀμύνειν ὦσιν Th.1.50.<br><span class="bld">III</span> neut. [[ὀλίγον]] as adverb, [[a little]], [[slightly]], [[little]], with Verbs, ὀλίγον παρακλίνας Il.23.424, cf. 11.52, 12.452; φροντίσας E.''Cyc.''163; ὀ. τοῦ ποιήματος προελθών [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 339d: also neut. pl., ἠκροβολίσαντο ὀλίγα Th.3.73.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with comp. Adjs., ὀλίγον προγενέστερος Il.23.789; ὀλίγον [[ἧσσον]] Od.15.365; στιβαρώτερον οὐκ ὀλίγον περ 8.187; [[φέρτερος]] οὐκ ὀλίγον περ Il.19.217; ὀλίγον τι [[πρότερον]], [[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[ὀλίγῳ]], Hdt.4.79,81, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 262b, etc.; ὀ. ὕστερον Id.''Grg.''454b, etc.; but [[ὀλίγῳ]] is more freq. in Prose, Hdt. ll.cc. (with v.l.), 7.113, al., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 460c, ''R.''327c, etc.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> special Phrases:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[ὀλίγου δεῖν]] = [[almost]] (v. [[δεῖ]] II); <b class="b3">ὀλίγου ἐδέησε καταλαβεῖν</b> [[want]]ed [[but little]] of [[overtaking]], Hdt.7.10.γ': hence [[ὀλίγου]] alone, [[within a little]], [[all but]], [[almost]], ὀλίγου σεκύνες διεδηλήσαντο Od.14.37, cf. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''348,381,''Nu.''722, Lys.14.17, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 361b, D.19.334, etc.; ὀ. ἅπαντες Pl.''Ap.''22b; ὀ. ἐς χιλίους [[close upon]] ''1'',000, Th.4.124; <b class="b3">ὀ. ἦλθεν ἑλεῖν</b> (v. infr. 9) Paus.1.13.6.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[δι' ὀλίγου]] = [[at a short distance]], E.''Ph.''1098, Th.2.89,3.21, dub. in A.''Th.''762 (lyr.); for ([[during a short time]]) [[a short time]], Th.1.77,2.85,3.43; [[within a short time]] or [[after a short time]], Id.6.11,47,7.39, etc.; but<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[δι' ὀλίγων]] = [[in few words]], Pl. ''Phlb.''31d, etc.; v. infr. VI.2.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἐν ὀλίγῳ]] ([[χώρῳ]] is added in Hdt. 9.70) [[in a small space]], [[within small compass]], E.''Supp.''1126 (lyr.); ἐν ὀ. στρατοπεδευομένοις Th.4.26; <b class="b3">κυκλωθέντων ἐν ὀλίγῳ</b> ib.96; εἰς ταὐτὸ πάντα.. ἁθροίσαντ' ἐν ὀλίγῳ D.3.18; also <b class="b3">ἐν ὀλίγῳ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[χρόνῳ]]) [[for a brief time]], Pi.''P.''8.92; but also, [[in a short time]], [[quickly]], [[ἔγνων]] καὶ περὶ τῶν ποιητῶν ἐν ὀλίγῳ τοῦτο Pl.''Ap.''22b, cf. Th.4.55, ''Act.Ap.''26.28.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[ἐν ὀλίγοις]] = [[one among few]], i.e. [[exceedingly]], [[remarkably]], ποταμὸς ἐν ὀλίγοις μέγας Hdt.4.52; ἐν ὀλίγοισι Περσέων.. ἀνὴρ δόκιμος Id.9.41: freq. in later writers, Plu. ''Pomp.''10, Hld.3.1; so [[σὺν ὀλίγοις]], v. infr. 10.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἐξ ὀλίγου]] = [[at short notice]], [[suddenly]], ἐξ ὀλίγου καὶ δι' ὀργῆς Th.2.11, cf. 61,4.108, etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[ἐς ὀλίγον]], like [[παρ' ὀλίγον]], [[within a little]], <b class="b3">ἐς ὀλίγον ἀφίκετο τὸ στράτευμα νικηθῆναι</b> ib.129.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[ἐπ' ὀλίγον]] = [[for a short time]], Hp.''Prorrh.''1.26, Plot. 4.4.29, ''Gp.''7.12.22, 10.7.10, etc.; [[a little at a time]], Hp.''VC''18; εἴρηται ἐν τῷ [βιβλίῳ] [[ἐπ' ὀλίγον]] = [[a little way on]], [[near the beginning]], Gal.15.428.<br><span class="bld">7</span> κατ' ὀλίγον [[by little and little]], Th.1.69, Pl.''Ti.''85d, Luc. ''Nec.''11, etc.; ἐκ τοῦ κατ' ὀ. D.S.15.34, Ath.Med. ap. Orib.1.2.6: but the Adj.freq. takes the gender and number of its Subst., κατ' ὀλίγους Hdt.2.93, 8.113; <b class="b3">οὗτοι κατ' ὀλίγους γινόμενοι ἐμάχοντο</b> fought [[few at a time]], [[in small parties]], Id.9.102, cf. Pl.''Tht.''197d; <b class="b3">κατ' ὀλίγον μαχεῖται</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τὸ πλῆθος αὐτῶν</b>) Th.4.10.<br><span class="bld">8</span> [[μετ' ὀλίγον τούτων]] = [[shortly after]].., X.''HG''1.1.2.<br><span class="bld">9</span> [[παρ' ὀλίγον]] = [[with little to spare]], [[only just]], ἀπέφυγες E.''IT''870(lyr.); [[to within a short distance of]], παρ' ὀ. ἦλθε.. ἐκπεσεῖν Plb. 2.55.4, cf. 18.46.12; but<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">παρ' ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαι</b> [[hold]] of [[small]] [[account]], X.''An.''6.6.11.<br><span class="bld">10</span> [[σὺν ὀλίγοις]] = [[ἐν ὀλίγοις]], ἐπαινεθῆναι Plu.''Galb.''3; v. supr. IV.3b.<br><span class="bld">V</span> regul. Adv. [[ὀλίγως]] is rare, ''2 Ep.Pet.''2.18, Aq. ''Is.''10.7; οὐκ ὀ. ''AP''12.205 (Strat.).<br><span class="bld">VI</span> Comparison:<br><span class="bld">1</span> the Comp. is commonly supplied by [[μείων]], [[ἥσσων]], or [[ἐλάσσων]] ([[quod vide|qq.v.]]); the older form [[ὀλείζων]] (fr. *ὀλειγ-yων) is found in Hom., <b class="b3">λαοὶ δ' ὑπ' ὀλείζονες ἦσαν</b> ([[ὑπολίζονες]] codd.) Il.18.519; so in Att. Inscrr., ''IG''12.76.8 (written [[ὄλεζον]] ib.63.17, al.); <b class="b3">τοῖσι.. ὀλείζοσι μυστηρίοισιν</b> ib.6.76, cf. 95; [[ὀλείζους]] is prob. in X.''Ath.''2.1 ([[μείζους]] codd.); so in Alexandrian Poets, Call.''Jov.''72 ([[ὀλίζοσι]] codd.), ''AP''9.521; <b class="b3">ἐς ὀλίζονας ἀστέρας ἄρκτου</b> Poet. ap. Theodos. in HilgardExc.exHdn.p.19; also [[ὀλίζωνες]] Nic.''Th.''123, [[ὀλίζωνα]] ib.372; [[ὀλιζότερος]] is found in Id.''Al.'' 479, Opp.''C.''3.65,394, cf. [[ὀλιζόω]]; [[ὀλιγώτερος]] is found in Hp.''Virg.''I (with the sense [[weaker]], v. supr. 1.4), S.E.''M.''1.70, App.''Pun.''42, ''Mith.''24, Ael.''NA''2.42,6.51.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Sup. [[ὀλίγιστος]], η, ον, always of Number or Quantity, Il.19.223, Hes.''Op.''723, ''IG''12.54.7, Ar.''Ra.''115, ''Pl.''628, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 473b, al.; [[ὀλιγίστου]], Sup. of [[ὀλίγου]] (cf. IV. I), [[very nearly]], Phot., [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]] (ubi [[ὀλιγωστοῦ]]); [[ὀλίγιστον]] as adverb, [[least]], [[very little]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 587b; [[τὸ ὀλίγον]] = [[at least]], Id.''Prm.''149a; ὡς ὀλίγιστα Id.''Grg.'' 510a, ''Lg.''953a ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ὀλιγοστά]]); ἐν ὀλιγίστῳ διασαφῶν Eust.1262.54; so δι' ὀλιγίστων Pl.''Ep.''351d (interpol.). (Aspirated in papyri of ii-iii A.D., as [[μεθ' ὁλίγον]] ''BGU''388.11, cf. 146.10.)